Printing industry is an ancient industry. As early as the four-way typewriter era, typing and copying shops began to appear, all over the streets for a time. However, with the popularity of computers and printers, the printing and copying business is gradually shrinking, and the number of typing and copying shops is greatly reduced. Many well-run typing and copying shops have turned to color printing and advertising. But in some special fields, such as government agencies, universities and commercial institutions, typing and copying shops still have considerable living space.

Now the typing and copying shop is no longer a simple typing shop. The main equipment of the typing and copying shop has been digitized, and the investment is more economical. The equipment bought at 40,000 ~ 50,000 in those years can be bought at1~ 20,000 now, and the effect is better. If you can find a good location and open a typing and copying shop, it can be regarded as a small investment and quick start-up project. Let's look at two examples of starting a business.

1. After graduating from junior college, Xiao Zhang did several unsatisfactory jobs, so he decided to start his own business as a boss. Through observation, Xiao Zhang found that there are many government agencies in this area where he lives. Although most offices have been computerized, in order to improve efficiency, many units are still willing to hand over a large number of document printing and copying services to nearby printing institutions. Moreover, many people who go to government agencies need to copy all kinds of documents, and there are many businesses in this area. In addition, the business of making business cards, passes and conference cards for office staff is not small. So Xiao Zhang decided to open his own printing and copying shop. He chose a store near a government agency, spent about 20,000 yuan on computers, digital copiers, laser printers and inkjet printers, and opened a typing and copying shop.

Aaron and Xiaoyu are only sophomores In order to reduce the burden on their families, they intend to cooperate in work-study programs. After investigating many projects, the two decided to open a typing and copying shop on campus. The copying business on the campus of the university is mainly to copy notes, materials, textbooks, books, certificates, etc. for students and teachers, while the printing is mainly based on the printing of manuscripts, as well as some forms, paper covers and photos. In addition, it is also a considerable business to make graduation recommendation books near graduation every year. After the demand analysis, the two determined their investment plans and purchased the required equipment.

The main equipment for opening a typing and copying shop is copier, printer and computer. Before buying these devices, we must comprehensively consider the business needs and use costs to achieve the best cost performance.

1. Digital copier

At present, there are two types of copiers: digital copiers and analog copiers. The traditional analog copier is based on the electrostatic transfer principle, while the digital copier uses the laser transfer principle. Therefore, the digital copier has the advantages of high definition, one-time scanning and copying, powerful digital editing and paper binding functions. The digital copier integrates printing, fax and scanning and copying functions, which can save a lot of equipment investment in the printing workshop and make cost accounting more convenient.

At present, digital copiers have different grades. The price of entry-level products in A3 format is only 6,000 to 7,000 yuan, and high-end copiers of more than 100,000 yuan are also common in the market. The factors that cause this price difference are copying speed and copying intensity. The copying speed of low-end digital copiers is mostly below 20 pages/minute, while most high-end products can print 20 ~ 40 pages per minute, which is as fast as 100 pages/minute. In terms of copying strength, entry-level products are even worse, with a monthly printing volume of about 1 10,000 copies, and high-end products can reach tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands. Entry-level products are much worse than high-end products in continuous copying ability.

But for small typing and copying shops, the performance of entry-level products within 10,000 yuan can basically meet the needs of daily business. If the replication intensity is relatively high, you can also consider choosing products with a cost of more than 10,000 yuan. In addition to the speed and intensity of copying, the preheating time of the copier is also a very important factor, which is directly related to the efficiency of business processing. Some products take more than one minute to warm up, which is not suitable for printing shops. Another factor to consider is the cost of consumables for photocopiers. At present, the unit price of copying is relatively low, and the cost of consumables is directly related to the income of the printing shop. Therefore, we must carefully consider this aspect.

Now let's look at the input and income of the typing and copying shop.

1. Investment plan

For college students Along and Xiaoyu, we designed an investment plan A, which has low investment, low risk and short payback period, and is suitable for college students to work and study. Scheme B is aimed at the social crowd like Xiao Zhang, with more investment, but wider business scope and better business adaptability, which is suitable for long-term operation.

2. Benefit analysis

Due to the variety of services provided by typing and copying shops, only the basic copying and printing services of typing and copying shops are measured and analyzed here.

(1) Cost of paper, toner cartridge and toner.

The same copy paper can be used to copy printing paper in a printing shop, mainly 8 copies of paper, the price is about 500 pages 18 yuan, and the cost of a single copy is 0.036 yuan.

The cost of consumables such as toner, toner cartridge, photosensitive drum and carrier used by Ricoh and Sharp is not much different. If depreciation is not considered, only the cost of toner is calculated, which is about 0.02 yuan per sheet.

HP LaserJet 10 10 laser printer has a monthly printing capacity of 5,000 sheets. Its Q26 12A original integrated selenium drum 460 yuan, with 2000 printed pages and a cost of 0.23 yuan per page; The price of compatible toner cartridges with the same printing quantity is 250 yuan, and the cost per sheet is 0. 125 yuan.

(2) Income

The monthly maximum copy volume of Sharp AR-28 18 exceeds 10000, and the monthly turnover of full-load work can reach 4,000 yuan according to the charge for each 0.4 yuan.

The number of copies of Ricoh Aficio2022 is calculated as 654.38+500,000 copies per month. If 0.4 yuan is collected on average, the monthly turnover can reach 6000 yuan.

The printing business is calculated at 4000 sheets per month. If 0.5 yuan is charged for each piece on average, the monthly turnover can reach 2000 yuan.

Excluding equipment depreciation, personnel salaries, electricity charges, rent and other expenses, the gross profit of Scheme A is 4,796 yuan per month, and Scheme B is 66 16 yuan. In fact, the prices of copying and printing vary greatly from place to place, and the price factor must also be considered when calculating income. In addition, the depreciation cost of equipment is also relatively large. Of course, this is only the income from basic business, plus business expansion such as business cards, text entry, business card printing and binding. It should be said that typing and copying shops still have considerable income. As long as the operators are careful, open up financial resources and operate flexibly, the "money way" of typing and copying shops is still good.

Xiao Zhang's own typing and copying shop opened, and his shop is next to an office. Business is not bad after opening, especially printing, photocopying and business card business is very hot. However, after a period of time, Xiao Zhang found that the income was not as good as expected. Through analysis, Xiao Zhang found the crux of the problem, mainly the excessive consumption of consumables. On the one hand, the reason for the large consumption of consumables is the lack of experience in opening a store for the first time, on the other hand, the consumption of selenium drums is the main reason. Xiao Zhang calculated an account. The price of the original toner cartridge he used was 480 yuan, and the printing volume was only about 3,000. If the monthly printing volume is 10000, the cost of the toner cartridge will be more than 1000, even exceeding the salary of the typist. To reduce the cost, it seems that we can only find a way on the selenium drum.

At present, there are three kinds of toner cartridges on the market: original toner cartridges, universal toner cartridges and regenerated toner cartridges. The original toner cartridge has the best printing effect, lower failure rate and more secure life, but its procurement cost is higher. Universal toner cartridges, also known as compatible toner cartridges, are compatible products introduced by third-party manufacturers. Generally speaking, compatible toner cartridges are also produced by well-known manufacturers. Although their printing effect is slightly different from that of the original toner cartridges, they are generally good and can meet most application requirements. More importantly, their prices are usually 30% ~ 60% lower than the original products. Its service life is also guaranteed, and some are even higher than the original selenium drum. Recycled toner cartridges are made by recycling the original toner cartridges that have used up toner and refilling them with toner. Its price is attractive, but the quality is uneven. If it is an original toner cartridge that has been used only once, its regenerated condition is basically acceptable, but the regenerated toner cartridge that has been used for more than two cycles is in poor condition.

In addition, although some powerful manufacturers mainly use recycled materials for production, they have optimized the materials and used some brand-new materials in the production process. Because of the strict quality control system, the quality of their products is also relatively reliable. This product is usually called environmental protection selenium drum. It should be said that this product is between compatible toner cartridges and regenerated toner cartridges, and the quality is mostly trustworthy. If you don't pay special attention to printing quality and print a large amount, it is a good choice to use a compatible toner cartridge, which can greatly reduce the printing cost. If the printing volume is not large and the price is sensitive, you may wish to choose regenerated toner cartridges, but you must choose reputable merchants to buy them.

In fact, whether it is an old business or a new business, the key is to look at the operator. As long as the operators think more and think more, the old business can also win by surprise, and the financial resources can also roll in, which is also promising. In the eyes of many people, typing and copying shops are like this. As long as the operators are careful, open up financial resources and operate flexibly, the "money way" of typing and copying shops is still good. Moreover, typing and copying shops also have a good development space, so operators can accumulate business experience, establish interpersonal relationships and accumulate popularity. With these available resources, it will be much easier to enter color printing, advertising, decoration and other industries in the future.

Business plan of nutrition fast food restaurant

Directory:

summary

Company overview

market analysis

Competitive analysis

market strategy

Company management structure

financial analysis

appendix

1. Summary: The business plan of this fast food restaurant is mainly about the investigation, analysis and planning of how to build a nutrition fast food restaurant for students, and expounds the specific contents of opening this fast food restaurant near the school, which belongs to the business plan category.

Second, the company profile:

Our store is located in the commercial street of XX Institute of Information Technology, and its main customers are college students, surrounding residents and migrant workers. The business area is about 50 square meters. It mainly provides breakfast, lunch, dinner, special cold drinks and casual dining. Breakfast is dominated by southern snacks such as Zhejiang, and of course northern snacks are also indispensable. Variety, full taste and rich nutrition give diners more choices. For lunch and dinner, there are dishes with different flavors from North and South. Instead of dinner, we provide all kinds of cold drinks, such as juice, thin ice, ice porridge, ice bean sweet soup, frozen coffee, fruit platter and so on. This restaurant adopts the way of buffet fast food, which gives customers a more relaxed dining environment and more choices.

The decoration of this restaurant is natural and casual, and at the same time it is very modern. The wall is warm, the kitchen layout is reasonable and exquisite, and the lighting is good. The overall feeling is between the nature of family kitchen and the nature of hotel kitchen.

Third, the market analysis

Advantage analysis: The operation of this restaurant has solved the problem of single taste of meals in the school canteen, and there is no need to worry that the hygiene of mobile stalls will not be guaranteed. It is as convenient and fast as the canteen, saving time. In addition, this restaurant adopts the way of self-service meal selection, which should be easily welcomed by customers and save some human resources. At the same time cold drinks, ice porridge, coffee and so on. Non-dinner is also provided, and free tea is provided.

Simple and comfortable decoration will be a major feature of the restaurant. Students generally like to eat in clean restaurants with good service attitude, so satisfactory service will also be a major feature of our store.

In addition, the school canteen has a clear meal time limit, and restaurants outside the school rarely sell breakfast, so our off-campus stores can easily seize this part of the market share lost because of the time difference, in other words, the market share generated by potential customers who want to eat some time before and after the meal.

Disadvantage analysis: As it has just started, fast food restaurants are relatively small in scale, such as limited human resources and services. The competition inside and outside the university town is also fierce, so there is still a big disadvantage. On the other hand, because the school holidays are fixed, the number of tourists in winter and summer vacations will drop sharply, and the winter vacation will be less than the summer vacation, which will be a more difficult problem to solve.

Opportunity analysis: According to our market investigation and analysis, the market demand of our products exists and has certain competitiveness. As a student, I can better understand what products and services customers need. From these aspects, I should have a good chance to squeeze into the catering market.

Threat analysis: The service of restaurants is directly related to product quality and operating cost, so the price of products will not be lower than that of competitors. Although the overall price is not too high, the financial endurance of customers will be a great test. Moreover, cost and profit are also directly linked, and the amount of profit is a major determinant of whether it can survive in the competition. Furthermore, the differences in local customs and eating habits have created another problem, that is, whether most customers can recognize or be satisfied with the products, which also needs to be tested.

Fourth, marketing strategy.

1. This restaurant should advertise before opening, because the main customers are students, and the speed and breadth of information transmission between students are very large, so it is not necessary to spend too much effort on publicity, and simply advertise in the form of leaflets or multimedia (such as audio).

This restaurant adopts buffet style, with free tea and fresh soup. Moreover, the quality of rice is better than that of competitors, so different methods can be adopted (such as steaming, which is a common rice practice in southern restaurants), so that the taste is different from that of competitors, and one yuan is full, giving customers more discounts and attracting more tourists. In addition, our restaurant also provides couples' packages such as fruit platter and eight-treasure rice, which will become a major feature of our restaurant due to the lack of snack food.

3. The restaurant uses stainless steel buffet plate, which is economical and environmentally friendly, and the waste cannot be dumped casually. You can contact farmers and let them collect it for free on a regular basis, which can be mutually beneficial. It is reported that competitors are not doing well in this respect, so a good dining environment can attract more customers.

Although the number of tourists will drop sharply during the summer vacation, there are still some students staying in school, nearby residents and migrant workers. At that time, measures such as reducing production and shifting service focus can be taken to improve the business situation during the summer vacation. Consider studying for a month in winter vacation, which reduces unnecessary costs.

The market economy is developing rapidly, constantly changing and full of vitality. Therefore, we should look at the development of an enterprise from a long-term perspective, make an analysis and make a long-term plan. After each stage, it is necessary to sum up the overall situation of operation and make the next plan, which is a step-by-step development model. After the operation is stable, we can consider expanding our business and adding other services. We can find new markets, do chain operations and gradually build our own brands, so that we can develop into a catering industry that provides food for students. In short, we should look at the problem from a long-term perspective, so as to have the future of the enterprise.

Six, restaurant management structure

Store manager and cashier 1, chef 1, waiter 2.

Seven. Financial situation analysis

1. The expenses in the initial stage mainly include: venue rental fee, application fee for catering hygiene license and other documents, venue decoration fee, kitchen utensils purchase fee and infrastructure fee.

2. The costs in the operation stage mainly include: personnel salaries, materials procurement expenses, venue rental expenses, taxes and fees, water and electricity fuel expenses, fixed capital depreciation expenses, miscellaneous expenses, etc.

3. According to the calculation, it can be preliminarily concluded that the start-up capital of the restaurant is about 1 1.600 yuan (the venue rental fee 1.500 yuan, the application fee for the catering hygiene license in 600 yuan is 3,000 yuan, the venue decoration fee is 4,000 yuan, and the infrastructure fee is 2,500 yuan), and the parents can provide 80% of the working capital of 5,000 yuan.

4. Daily operation financial budget and analysis

According to the budget analysis and investigation, the market capacity can be preliminarily determined, and the total daily turnover is roughly estimated to be about 1 000 yuan, with a yield of 30%, and the gross profit is 300 yuan. It can be calculated that the payback period of investment is about two months.

Eight. Appendix:

Starting a business is always difficult. There are many college students who have entrepreneurial ideas now, but few have ideas and dare to realize them. The school holds this competition, which helps to stimulate students' entrepreneurial passion. Under the competitive pressure of modern society, we should have the courage to dare to do things, have endless new generations, and make the market economy full of vitality. Of course, entrepreneurship cannot be blind. College students must have enough detailed plans and courage, calm judgment and unique vision. They are always at the forefront of the times and have the most vitality. Of course, they can't hold back contemporary college students because of these. But to exercise, to work hard, to create a more brilliant new chapter of college students' entrepreneurship in the new century!

Note: I have always liked the catering service industry. The traditional business philosophy has occupied a large market, and the fast food market has great development prospects. Starting from school, gradually moving towards the market.