d Help | Settings
Baidu knows > Social livelihood > Other social topics
What good policies has the country had for farmers in recent years? Like: two exemptions and one supplement.
Number of visits: 9633; Reward score: 21 | Solution time: 15: 11, August 28, 2116 | Questioner: Baizhi
Best answer the State Council document
Guofa [2116]. No.5
-------------------------. Their household registration is still in rural areas, mainly engaged in non-agricultural industries. Some of them go out to work, work and farm in the slack season, and they have strong mobility. Some of them have been employed in cities for a long time, which has become an important part of industrial workers. A large number of farmers go to cities to work or find jobs in township enterprises, which has made great contributions to China's modernization drive. In order to coordinate urban and rural development, protect the legitimate rights and interests of migrant workers, improve the employment environment of migrant workers, guide the rational and orderly transfer of rural surplus labor, and promote the process of building a well-off society in an all-round way, the following opinions are put forward:
First, fully understand the great significance of solving the problem of migrant workers
(a) The problem of migrant workers is related to the overall economic and social development of China. Migrant workers are distributed in various industries of the national economy, accounting for more than half of the employees in processing and manufacturing, construction, mining, sanitation, housekeeping, catering and other service industries, and are an important force to promote China's economic and social development. Farmers' going out to work has created wealth for cities, increased income for rural areas, and injected vitality into urban and rural development. It has become an effective form for industry to drive agriculture, cities to drive rural areas, and developed areas to drive backward areas. At the same time, it has promoted the formation of market-oriented, self-employment and competitive employment mechanisms, breaking a new path for changing the dual structure of urban and rural areas and solving the "three rural" problems. Migrant workers who return home to start businesses bring back capital, technology and market economy concepts, which directly promote the construction of new socialist countryside. Further improving the work of migrant workers is of great significance to the overall situation of reform, development and stability and the smooth promotion of industrialization, urbanization and modernization.
(2) safeguarding the rights and interests of migrant workers is a prominent problem that needs to be solved. In recent years, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to the problem of migrant workers, and formulated a series of policies and measures to protect the rights and interests of migrant workers and improve their employment environment. Various regions and departments have done a lot of work and achieved remarkable results. However, the problems faced by migrant workers are still very prominent. Mainly: low wages, serious arrears; Long working hours and poor safety conditions; Lack of social security, occupational diseases and industrial accidents; There are also many difficulties in training and employment, children's schooling, living and living, and economic, political and cultural rights and interests cannot be effectively guaranteed. These problems have caused many social contradictions and disputes. Solving these problems is directly related to maintaining social fairness and justice and maintaining social harmony and stability.
(3) solving the problem of migrant workers is the strategic task of building Socialism with Chinese characteristics. The transfer of agricultural labor force to non-agricultural industries and towns is a general trend of industrialization and urbanization in all countries of the world, and it is also an inevitable requirement of agricultural modernization. There are a large number of rural laborers in China. In the stage of accelerating industrialization and urbanization, more and more surplus laborers will gradually move out, and the phenomenon of a large number of migrant workers moving between urban and rural areas will exist for a long time in China. We must proceed from China's national conditions, conform to the objective laws of industrialization and urbanization, and guide the orderly transfer of rural surplus labor to non-agricultural industries and cities and towns. We should stand at the height of the overall situation and strategy of building Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and fully understand the importance, urgency and long-term nature of solving the problem of migrant workers.
second, the guiding ideology and basic principles of doing a good job in migrant workers
(4) guiding ideology. Guided by Deng Xiaoping Theory and Theory of Three Represents, in accordance with the requirements of implementing Scientific Outlook on Development and building a harmonious socialist society, we should persist in emancipating our minds, seeking truth from facts and advancing with the times; Adhere to China's national conditions and coordinate urban and rural development; Adhere to the people-oriented principle and seriously solve problems involving the interests of migrant workers. Efforts should be made to improve policies and management, promote system reform and institutional innovation, gradually establish a unified urban and rural labor market and a fair competition employment system, establish a policy system and a law enforcement supervision mechanism to protect the legitimate rights and interests of migrant workers, establish a public service system and system in urban and rural areas that benefit migrant workers, broaden the channels for rural labor to transfer employment, protect and mobilize the enthusiasm of migrant workers, promote urban and rural economic prosperity and overall social progress, and promote the construction of a new socialist countryside and the healthy development of industrialization, urbanization and modernization with China characteristics.
(5) basic principles.
-fair treatment, equal treatment. Respect and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of migrant workers, eliminate discriminatory provisions and institutional obstacles for farmers to work in cities, and make them enjoy the same rights and obligations as urban workers.
-strengthen service and improve management. Transform government functions, strengthen and improve public services and social management for migrant workers, give play to the role of enterprises, communities and intermediary organizations, and create a good environment and favorable conditions for migrant workers to live and work.
-overall planning and reasonable guidance. We will combine the transfer of rural labor force in different places with the transfer in situ. We should not only actively guide farmers to work in cities, but also vigorously develop township enterprises and county economy, and expand the transfer of rural labor to local employment. -according to local conditions, classified guidance. Both the exporting and importing places should solve the various problems faced by migrant workers in a targeted manner. Encourage all regions to proceed from reality and explore ways to protect the rights and interests of migrant workers and promote the orderly flow of rural surplus labor.
-based on the present, with a long-term perspective. We should not only solve the outstanding problems faced by migrant workers, but also rely on reform and development to gradually solve the deep-seated problems and form a system and system that fundamentally protects the rights and interests of migrant workers.
third, pay close attention to solving the problem of low wages and arrears of migrant workers
(6) establish a wage payment guarantee system for migrant workers. Strictly regulate the employer's wage payment behavior, ensure that the wages of migrant workers are paid to me in full and on time, so that the wages are paid on a monthly basis or according to the labor contract. Establish a wage payment monitoring system and a wage guarantee system to fundamentally solve the problem of arrears and deduction of migrant workers' wages. Labor and social security departments should focus on monitoring the wage distribution of employers where migrant workers are concentrated. For employers who have defaulted on wages, it is mandatory to deposit wage deposits in the bank where the account is opened on schedule and implement special account management. Effectively solve the problem of government investment projects in arrears. All construction units shall timely allocate project funds in accordance with the contract. If the construction funds are not implemented, the relevant departments shall not issue construction permits or approve the commencement report. The wage guarantee system shall be implemented for key monitoring construction enterprises. We will increase the punishment for employers who are in arrears with the wages of migrant workers. Those who are in malicious arrears and the circumstances are serious may be ordered to suspend business for rectification, reduce or cancel their qualifications until their business licenses are revoked, and the relevant personnel shall be punished according to law. All localities and units should continue to intensify wage arrears and ensure that no new arrears occur.
(7) reasonably determine and raise the wage level of migrant workers. Standardize the wage management of migrant workers, and effectively change the situation that migrant workers have low wages and different pay for equal work. All localities should strictly implement the minimum wage system, reasonably determine and timely adjust the minimum wage standard, and formulate and implement the hourly minimum wage standard. Formulate industry reference standards for labor quotas of related posts. The employing unit shall not refuse to implement the minimum wage system on the grounds of implementing piecework wages, and shall not lower the wage level in disguise by raising the labor quota. Strictly implement the provisions of the state on employees' rest and vacation, and extend working hours, rest days and legal holidays, and pay overtime wages according to law. Migrant workers and other workers should receive equal pay for equal work. The relevant departments in the State Council should strengthen the guidance and supervision over the local formulation, adjustment and implementation of the minimum wage standard. All localities should scientifically determine the wage guidance line, establish a collective wage negotiation system for enterprises, and promote the reasonable growth of migrant workers' wages.
fourth, standardize the labor management of migrant workers according to law
(8) strictly implement the labor contract system. All employers recruiting migrant workers must conclude and perform labor contracts according to law, and establish labor relations with clear rights and responsibilities. Strictly implement the provisions of the state on the probation period of labor contracts, and shall not abuse the probation period to infringe upon the rights and interests of migrant workers. Labor and social security departments should formulate and implement standardized labor contract texts, and strengthen the guidance and supervision of employers in concluding and performing labor contracts. No unit may violate the labor contract to damage the rights and interests of migrant workers.
(9) protect the occupational safety and health rights and interests of migrant workers according to law. All localities should strictly implement the national occupational safety and labor protection regulations and standards. Enterprises must be equipped with safety production and occupational disease prevention facilities according to regulations. To strengthen the main responsibility of the employer for occupational safety and health, it is necessary to inform the newly recruited migrant workers about labor safety and occupational hazards, issue labor protection articles that meet the requirements, and conduct regular health examinations for personnel engaged in operations that may cause occupational hazards. Strengthen the education of migrant workers' occupational safety and labor protection and enhance their self-protection ability. Migrant workers engaged in high-risk industries and special operations should be specially trained and certified. Relevant departments should earnestly perform their duties of occupational safety and labor protection supervision. In the event of a major occupational safety accident, in addition to punishing the person directly responsible and the person in charge of the enterprise, the leaders of the government and relevant departments should also be held accountable.
(11) Effectively protect the rights and interests of female and underage workers, and strictly prohibit the use of child labor. The employing unit shall protect the special rights and interests of female workers in accordance with the law, and shall not refuse to employ female workers or raise the employment standards of female workers on the grounds of gender, and shall not arrange female workers to engage in taboo work, and shall not reduce their basic wages or unilaterally terminate their labor contracts during pregnancy, childbirth and lactation. Employers employing underage workers shall strictly implement the relevant provisions of the state in terms of types of work, working hours, labor intensity and protective measures. The illegal acts of introducing and using child labor should be severely punished.
V. Improve employment services and training for migrant workers
(11) Gradually implement an equal employment system between urban and rural areas. Coordinate urban and rural employment, reform the employment management system that divides urban and rural areas, establish a unified and equal competitive labor market between urban and rural areas, and gradually form a mechanism to promote the transfer of rural surplus labor under the conditions of market economy, so as to provide equal employment opportunities and services for urban and rural workers. All localities and departments should further clean up and cancel all kinds of discriminatory provisions and unreasonable restrictions on migrant workers' employment in cities, clean up the administrative examination and approval and administrative fees for enterprises to use migrant workers, and not repel and exclude migrant workers on the grounds of solving the employment of urban labor.
(12) to further improve the transfer of employment services for farmers. People's governments at all levels should take promoting the transfer of rural surplus labor as an important task. To establish and improve the county and township public employment service network, to provide services for farmers to transfer employment. City public employment agencies should be open to migrant workers, providing free policy advice, employment information, employment guidance and employment introduction. The exporting and importing places should strengthen cooperation and carry out organized employment, entrepreneurship training and labor export. Encourage the development of various employment service organizations and strengthen the supervision of the employment service market. Standardize professional intermediary, labor dispatch and enterprise recruitment according to law. Severely crack down on illegal and criminal activities that harm migrant workers in the name of job introduction or recruitment.
(13) Strengthen the vocational skills training of migrant workers. All localities should adapt to the needs of industrialization, urbanization and rural labor force transfer employment, vigorously carry out vocational skills training and guiding training for migrant workers, and improve farmers' ability to transfer employment and adapt to going out. Expand the scale of rural labor transfer training and improve the quality of training. Continue to implement the sunshine project of rural labor transfer training. Improve the training subsidies for migrant workers, and give appropriate training subsidies to migrant workers who participate in the training. Promote the practice of direct subsidies such as "training vouchers". Make full use of modern means such as radio and television and distance education to teach farmers the basic knowledge of going out for employment. Attach importance to the training of rural labor transfer in poverty-stricken areas. Support employers to establish a stable labor training base and develop order-based training. The importing place should incorporate the improvement of migrant workers' job skills into the local vocational training plan. To study and formulate policies to encourage migrant workers to participate in vocational skills appraisal and obtain national vocational qualification certificates.
(14) Implement the responsibility of training migrant workers. Improve and conscientiously implement the national training plan for migrant workers. Labor and social security, agriculture, education, science and technology, construction, finance, poverty alleviation and other departments should do a good job in the training of migrant workers in accordance with their respective functions. Strengthen the employer's responsibility for on-the-job training of migrant workers. For employers who fail to fulfill their training obligations, they should be forced to withdraw employee education and training fees according to state regulations for training organized by the government. Give full play to the role of various educational and training institutions and organizations of workers, young people and women, and carry out vocational training for migrant workers through multiple channels, levels and forms. Establish a training investment mechanism for migrant workers, which is shared by the government, employers and individuals, and the central and local governments should increase their support.
(15) Vigorously develop rural-oriented vocational education. Rural junior and senior high school graduates are the reserve forces of industrial workers in China, and it is an important task of vocational education to improve their vocational skills. Support various vocational and technical colleges to expand the enrollment scale in rural areas, and encourage rural junior and senior high school graduates to receive formal vocational and technical education. Help students from poor families complete their studies by setting up grants and granting student loans. Strengthen the construction of county-level vocational education centers. Conditional ordinary middle schools can offer vocational education courses. Strengthen the construction of rural vocational education teachers, teaching materials and training bases.
VI. Actively and steadily solve the social security problems of migrant workers
(XVI) Attach great importance to the social security work of migrant workers. According to the most urgent social security needs of migrant workers, we should adhere to classified guidance and make steady progress, give priority to solving the problems of industrial injury insurance and serious illness medical security, and gradually solve the problems of old-age security. The social security of migrant workers should adapt to the characteristics of great mobility, and the insurance relationship and treatment can be transferred, so that the social security rights and interests of migrant workers in mobile employment will not be damaged; It is necessary to take into account the actual situation of low wage income of migrant workers, implement low-standard entry and gradual transition, and mobilize the enthusiasm of employers and migrant workers to participate in insurance.
(XVII) Incorporate migrant workers into the scope of industrial injury insurance according to law. All localities should conscientiously implement the Regulations on Industrial Injury Insurance. All employers must go through the formalities of participating in work-related injury insurance for migrant workers in time, and pay work-related injury insurance premiums in full and on time. After the migrant workers have a work-related injury, it is necessary to do a good job in work-related injury identification, labor ability appraisal and work-related injury treatment payment. Migrant workers who have not participated in work-related injury insurance have work-related injuries, and the employer shall pay the expenses according to the standards stipulated in the work-related injury insurance. At present, it is necessary to accelerate the construction industry, coal and other mining industries with relatively concentrated migrant workers and high industrial injury risk to participate in industrial injury insurance. Construction enterprises should also handle accidental injury insurance for employees engaged in specific high-risk operations.