* * * Enjoying the economy involves three subjects, namely, the demand side of goods or services, the supply side and the platform for enjoying the economy. * * * Enjoy the economic platform as a link between the supply and demand sides. Through the establishment of a series of mechanisms such as mobile LBS application, dynamic algorithm and pricing, and mutual evaluation system, both the supply and demand sides can conduct transactions through the * * * economic platform.
Experience economy refers to paying attention to the experience and emotional consumption in shopping, rather than buying the goods themselves. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, people's consumption needs can be roughly divided into three stages: the first stage is quantity consumption, the second stage is quality consumption, and the third stage is emotional consumption. The first and second stages are the consumption characteristics of traditional commercial economy. With the development of society, online goods are overwhelming, and the material needs can no longer meet people. People begin to pay more attention to the significance of shopping and need spiritual satisfaction. Commercial economy has evolved into emotional consumption.
At present, the whole developed social economy from the United States to Europe is based on the developed service economy, and following the era of "computer information", it is gradually or even developing the experience economy on a large scale. Experience economy is called the fourth stage of the development of human economic life after agricultural economy, industrial economy and service economy, or the extension of service economy. From its industry to agriculture, computer industry, internet, tourism, commerce, service industry, catering industry, entertainment industry (film and television, theme parks) and other industries are experiencing or are experiencing the economy, especially the entertainment industry has become the fastest growing economic field in the world. The evolution from agricultural economy, industrial economy, service economy to experience economy is just like the evolution of mothers giving their children birthdays and preparing birthday cakes. In the era of agricultural economy, my mother used flour, eggs and other materials from her own farm to make cakes, and the cost from beginning to end was less than 1 USD. In the era of industrial economy, my mother went to the store and spent a few dollars to buy mixed boxed powder to bake at home. In the era of service economy, my mother ordered cakes from western shops or supermarkets, which cost more than ten yuan. Today, mothers no longer bake cakes or even bother about their birthday parties. Instead, we spend $ 100 to outsource birthday activities to some companies and ask them to hold an unforgettable birthday party for their children. This is the birth of experience economy. Basic characteristics of experience economy. Unproductive experience is a kind of beautiful feeling produced in consciousness when one's mood, physical strength and spirit reach a certain level. It is not an economic output in itself, so it can't be completely quantified by counting, so it can't create touchable objects like other jobs. Second, under the general law of short cycle, the production cycle of agricultural economy is the longest, generally in years, in months for industrial economy, in days for service economy, in hours for experience economy, and even in minutes, such as the Internet. Thirdly, interactive agricultural economy, industrial economy and service economy are all seller economies, and all their economic outputs stay outside the customers, not with them; Experience economy is not, because any kind of experience is the result of the interaction between a person's physical, mental and intellectual state and those planned events, and customers participate in it all the time. Fourth, the irreplaceable agricultural economy's demand factor for its economic supply-product is characteristic, the industrial economy's demand factor for its economic supply-commodity is characteristic, the service economy's demand factor for its economic supply-service is service, and the experience economy's demand factor for its economic supply-experience is outstanding and personalized, and there are essential differences between people and between experiences, because there is no such thing. V. Profound branding Any experience will leave a deep imprint on the experiencer, for days, years or even a lifetime. A voyage, a polar expedition, a canyon rafting, a raft surfing, a bungee jumping, a shampoo press, all these will make the experiencer's memories of the experience surpass the experience itself. Sixth, the economic value is highly enhanced. A cup of coffee is brewed at home, and the cost is only 20 cents. However, in corridors decorated with flowers, in cafes decorated with classical light music and famous paintings, the price of a cup of coffee may exceed 10 yuan. You also feel value for money; Burning a basin of shampoo at home won't cost more than one yuan, but it may cost several hundred yuan to find a relaxing and comfortable feeling in the shampoo and foot washing city. So far, only dennis tito, an American billionaire, and mark saud Voss, a South African businessman, have been lucky enough to travel in space, and each of them has paid a sky-high price of $20 million for his space experience. However, the annual output value of a farmer planting two acres of land is only 1000 yuan, and the salary of a worker who works overtime for one month is only 1000 yuan. This is the experience economy, the profiteering economy with low input and high output. Experience economy and manufacturers In the experience economy, manufacturers have six ways to increase consumers' demand for their products: First, integrate products into experiential brands. This means creating a brand image and emphasizing the good experience when consumers buy, use or own products. Nike shoes and Harley motorcycles all do this, and so does the goal of the famous "IntelInside" marketing offensive. Second, as consumers' demand for experience increases, their demand for items that can help create experiences will also increase. Props that need to be provided at this time, such as souvenirs; Third, the elements added by the product can cause a sensation among consumers; Fourth, deliberately cause a shortage of products and stimulate consumers' possessiveness; Fifth, organize product clubs; Sixth, launch special activities related to products. Experiencing economy will create an illusion: enterprises treat every consumer as a unique individual and then meet their individual needs. Think about the experience of going to Las Vegas, Disneyland, eating at Hard Rock Restaurant and buying shoes in Nike City. Making transactions a memory is the key to the new economy, which is facing consumers who grew up in front of computers and TV screens. Experience the aesthetics of economy and tourism Marx has long said that worried poor people and jewelers full of interests can't appreciate the beauty of jewelry, and so can tourism activities. As early as in China, Mr. Ye Lang put forward: "Tourism, in essence, is an aesthetic activity. Without aesthetics, what about tourism? ..... Tourism activities are aesthetic activities. " Mr. Yu Guangyuan also stressed: "Tourism is a short-term special lifestyle of residents in modern social life. This lifestyle is characterized by remoteness, amateurism and enjoyment. " They all emphasized the leisure and aesthetics of tourism activities, which was very insightful. We can also get some enlightenment about the leisure and aesthetics of tourism activities from China's interpretation of the word "you" in ancient times. If the meaning of the word "you" is interpreted as "the drop of a standard" in Shuowen, its original meaning is the drop of a standard and can be extended to freedom. Zhu explained "swimming" in this way: "playing with things and adapting to feelings" means experiencing the freedom of life in pleasure. From this, we can understand the meaning of tourism: people are free to experience and appreciate (swim) during the journey, and the meaning of tourism is the free experience of free life. The significance of Gadamer's "festival" theory mentioned above also applies to tourism, which is people's real life experience. Tourism needs a state of leisure, a feeling of freedom, artistic imagination and aesthetic taste. There is a sign on the way up the mountain in the Alps: "Take your time, please enjoy yourself", which tells the true meaning of tourism. Nobuyoshi Imado, a famous Japanese aesthetician, described aesthetic feeling as a "vertical interruption of daily consciousness", which can also be used as a description of tourism status. A real tourist should not be a passer-by passing by in a hurry, but an experiencer of the whole process of playing with things, traveling with things and enjoying things. This requires us to fully consider people's leisure, aesthetic and experience needs in the construction of tourism landscape and the provision of tourism services. How to improve the aesthetic realm of tourism landscape, how to improve the aesthetic cultural quality of tourism service providers and how to guide the aesthetic taste of tourists has become an urgent and important topic for humanistic tourism. In the book "Experience Economy" written by Joseph Pine and James gilmour, co-founders of American Strategic Horizon LLP Company, 1999 defines experience as "an enterprise takes service as the stage, goods as props, and consumers as the center, creating activities that consumers can participate in and are worth remembering". Experience economy is a brand-new economic form which is produced by satisfying people's various experiences. Since its birth, human economic life has experienced four stages of development: agricultural economy, industrial economy, service economy and experience economy. Experience has gradually become the dominant economic form after agricultural economy, industrial economy and service economy. More and more consumers are eager to experience, and more and more enterprises carefully design and sell experiences. In the experience economy, the enterprise is no longer just selling goods or services, it provides the final experience and is full of emotional power, leaving unforgettable and happy memories for customers. From this point of view, in the era of experience economy, the products or services that customers buy every time are not just real goods or services, but a feeling, an emotional, physical, intellectual and even spiritual experience. Tourism is a natural experience economy. As an important way for people to seek novelty, novelty, beauty and knowledge, it is an experience economy in itself. We should have a full understanding of the leisure, aesthetics and experience of tourism activities, and this magazine is willing to make its own efforts to explore these topics.
What is the difference between individual economy and private economy? What is a private enterprise?
In recent years, the state attaches great importance to and encourages the development of individual and private economy, and all levels and relevant departments also pay special attention to the statistics and analysis of information related to individual and private economy. In daily tax management, such as tax registration, tax warehousing, report statistics, tax analysis, etc. Tax authorities often have to classify taxpayers into economic categories. However, in practice, due to the particularity of the economic type of private enterprises and the fact that the administrative department for industry and commerce has not indicated it in the business license of private enterprises, it is easy to cause differences in the statistics of the number of households, employees, registered capital and tax revenue of private enterprises by the departments of industry and commerce, national tax and local tax, which has affected the statistics of tax revenue of private enterprises, revenue shared by local finance and national macro-decision-making to some extent. Therefore, tax authorities must correctly understand what private enterprises are.
What is a private enterprise? According to Article 9 of the Regulation on Classification of Enterprise Registration Types issued by the National Bureau of Statistics and the State Administration for Industry and Commerce (1August 28, 998, Zi [1998] No.200), "Private enterprises refer to profit-making economic organizations established or controlled by natural persons and based on wage labor. Including private limited liability companies, private joint stock limited companies, private partnerships and private enterprises registered in accordance with the Company Law, the Partnership Law and the Provisional Regulations on Private Enterprises. "
A sole proprietorship enterprise refers to the first paragraph of Article 7 of the Provisional Regulations on Private Enterprises (165438+ issued by Order No.4 of the State Council on June 25th, 988): "A sole proprietorship enterprise refers to an enterprise invested and operated by one person." That is, enterprises invested and operated by natural persons are based on wage labor, and investors bear unlimited liability for the debts of enterprises.
A private partnership refers to an enterprise in which two or more natural persons jointly invest, operate and assume responsibility for their own profits and losses in accordance with the provisions of the Partnership Law or the Provisional Regulations on Private Enterprises, and assume unlimited liability for debts on the basis of wage labor.
A private limited liability company refers to a limited liability company invested by two or more natural persons or controlled by a single natural person according to the Company Law and the Provisional Regulations on Private Enterprises. In addition, the Notice of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce on the Registration, Supervision and Administration of the Establishment of Limited Liability Companies by Natural Persons (1994165438+10/8, industrial and commercial word [1994] No.325) is the sixth.
A private company limited by shares refers to a company limited by shares invested by more than five natural persons or controlled by a single natural person according to the Company Law.
Among the above four types of private enterprises, the industrial and commercial authorities have issued business licenses for sole proprietorship enterprises and partnership enterprises, both of which are not qualified; Private limited liability companies and other limited liability companies shall issue the Business License of Enterprise as a Legal Person and register their economic category as limited liability companies. Therefore, when handling tax registration, tax warehousing and statistical analysis, tax authorities can accurately divide taxes according to the above standards as long as they carefully examine the business license, industrial and commercial registration form and articles of association submitted by taxpayers.
In addition, when the administrative department for industry and commerce issues a business license, the first six digits of the business registration number of the business license are the administrative division codes where the industrial and commercial registration authority is located; The seventh place is the economic type identification number of the enterprise, and the private enterprise is generally 2. Therefore, according to the number of the seventh digit of the business license number, whether it is a private enterprise can be correctly classified.
? Second, the definition of private enterprises
? All non-public enterprises are collectively referred to as private enterprises. In the Company Law, enterprises are classified according to their forms of capital organization, mainly including: wholly state-owned, state-holding companies, limited liability companies, joint stock limited companies, partnerships and sole proprietorship enterprises. According to the above definition of the connotation of private enterprises, except for state-owned sole proprietorship and state holding, other types of enterprises are private enterprises as long as they have no state-owned capital.
Privatization does not mean privatization, nor does privatization mean privatization. At present, some foreign scholars equate privatization with privatization, which is wrong. We can distinguish them clearly according to their different connotations and extensions.
Private economy refers to the economic component with the relationship of employment and labor, that is, private enterprises with capitalist nature. Legally speaking, private enterprises refer to profit-making economic organizations established or controlled by natural persons and based on wage labor. Private economy is a non-public economy. The reality includes three parts: individual economy, private economy and foreign capital economy.
Private or private economy is not a concept of ownership. From the management level, it refers to the economy with the people as the main body of operation. The corresponding concept of private or private economy can only be state-owned or government-run. Therefore, as long as it is not a state-owned or government-run economy, it is a private or private economy. In the private economy, it includes not only all private ownership economies, but also other public ownership economies besides the state-owned economy, such as township enterprises, cooperative economy, community ownership economy, association ownership economy and foundation ownership economy.
Therefore, the two are completely different. Privatization is based on operating mechanism, and privatization is based on property rights. The latter is protected by relevant laws. The former is just an academic theory. Although it is often said in actual implementation, the industrial and commercial departments do not have the statistical caliber of privatization. It's just that the Science and Technology Department has statistics on private technology enterprises. The state has only recently issued relevant policies to protect and standardize archives. Historically, the concept of private operation will disappear in the future, and it has no legal status unless it is established in the future and given a stricter legal status. Because of this, our country is now very confused and vague on this issue.
3 1 Individuals refer to individual industrial and commercial households, mainly engaged in housework, and private enterprises mainly engaged in wage labor.
Private enterprises refer to profit-making economic organizations whose assets are privately owned and employ more than 8 people.
Individual industrial and commercial households, that is, the means of production are privately owned, with personal or family labor as the main task and employees below 8 (excluding 8), are profit-making economic organizations.
The business scope of individual industrial and commercial households includes: using mobile tools to engage in the production of small handicrafts or household industries; Retail goods; Long-distance trafficking, wholesale and retail of agricultural and sideline products and industrial products; Catering industry; Service industry; Repair industry; Transportation industry that uses motor vehicles and boats to engage in passenger and cargo transportation; Housing repair industry.
There is also a sole proprietorship enterprise, which refers to a business entity established in China according to law and invested by a natural person. Its property belongs to the investor personally, and the investor assumes unlimited liability for the debts of the enterprise with his personal property.
A sole proprietorship enterprise has the following characteristics:
(1) The investor of a sole proprietorship enterprise is a natural person.
(2) The property of a sole proprietorship enterprise belongs to individual investors.
(3) Investors shall bear unlimited liability for corporate debts with their personal property.
(4) A sole proprietorship enterprise does not have legal person status.
4. The differences between sole proprietorship enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households are as follows:
(1) Different investors. The investors of a sole proprietorship enterprise can only be natural persons; Individual industrial and commercial households can be established by a natural person or a family as a unit.
(2) The scope of the property to be responsible is different. Under normal circumstances, the investors of a sole proprietorship enterprise only bear unlimited liability for the debts of the enterprise with their personal property. Only when the enterprise is registered, it is clear that family property is used as personal contribution, so that family property can bear unlimited liability for enterprise debts according to law. According to Article 29 of the General Principles of the Civil Law, the debts of individual industrial and commercial households shall be borne by personal property for individual businesses and family property for family businesses.
(3) The applicable law is different. A sole proprietorship enterprise shall be established in accordance with the Law on Sole Ownership Enterprises, and individual industrial and commercial households shall be established in accordance with the General Principles of the Civil Law and the Interim Provisions on the Administration of Urban and Rural Individual Industrial and Commercial Households.
(4) Different legal status. A sole proprietorship enterprise is a business entity and a form of enterprise organization; Individuals: Industrial and commercial households do not take the form of enterprises. The key to distinguish the two lies in whether the sole proprietorship enterprise has registered and obtained the business license of the sole proprietorship enterprise.
Private enterprises refer to profit-making economic organizations with assets owned by private individuals and more than 8 employees, including sole proprietorship, partnership and limited liability company. Among them, a sole proprietorship enterprise refers to an enterprise invested and operated by one person, and the investors of the sole proprietorship enterprise bear unlimited liability for the debts of the enterprise. A partnership enterprise refers to an enterprise established in China according to law and signed a written responsibility letter by each partner. A partnership enterprise refers to a profit-making organization established in China according to law, in which all partners enter into a written agreement, * * * jointly contribute capital, operate in partnership, * * * enjoy profits, * * * bear risks and bear unlimited joint and several liabilities for the debts of the partnership enterprise.
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What is economic responsibility? What's the difference between it and economic legal responsibility? Economic legal responsibility refers to the negative, one-way, causal economic obligation that the subject should be forced to bear according to law because of violating economic laws and regulations in the process of state intervention and regulation of social economy.
Economic responsibility refers to the economic-related duties and obligations that the parties should perform and undertake based on their specific duties, rather than the legal consequences or economic consequences that the parties should bear because of their economic-related duties.
What is an export-oriented economy? What's the difference between it and an inward-looking economy? Export-oriented economy:
1, export-oriented economy is the symmetry of "inward-oriented economy", which refers to an economic system in which a country or region is closely linked with the international market.
2. Export-oriented economy can be divided into broad sense and narrow sense. The export-oriented economy in a broad sense refers to the economic exchange activities of trade, capital, technology and labor around the world.
3. The narrow sense of export-oriented economy refers to the economic activities that face the international market and aim at earning foreign exchange through export.
The difference with the inward-looking economy lies in:
1, the inward-looking economy refers to the economy of countries that implement the "import substitution policy". That is, developing countries give priority to the development of domestic manufactured goods, replace the original imported goods with domestic products, and promote the development of other economic sectors.
The state supports its emerging industries by increasing import quotas and tariffs, and gets rid of dependence on imports.
3. In addition, the economy dominated by domestic market demand is also called introverted economy. There are also corresponding measures in policy, such as reducing income tax to increase personal consumption demand, reducing corporate tax to increase equipment investment, lowering interest rates and developing public welfare undertakings.
What is building economy? What's the difference between building economy and headquarters economy? Building economy is a new economic form in the development of urban economy in China in recent years. In the development of China's urban economy, all economic activities that use newly developed buildings and idle houses in urban areas to attract investment and introduce modern service enterprises and urban industries through leasing, selling and cooperation, so as to cultivate new tax sources and new economic growth points and promote urban economic development are collectively called building economy.
The headquarters economy developed from the building economy in Pudong. At that time, in the late 1990s, 265,438+early 20th century, a very new economic phenomenon appeared in Pudong, and on this basis, the name of headquarters economy appeared. Because many buildings are just some headquarters gone, for example, some buildings are in the form of headquarters economy. Headquarters economy is still a new economic phenomenon in the primary stage in China, and mature cases have not yet appeared.
The 88th floor Jinmao Building in Pudong is the tallest modern building in China and a successful model of "building economy". Its intelligent office building with 6.5438+0.2 million square meters has a maximum daily rent of $ 654.38+0.5 per square meter, and the occupancy rate is over 90%.
What's the difference between market economy and capital economy? There is basically no difference.
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What's the difference between macroeconomics and microeconomics? Macroeconomics takes the activities of the general process of the national economy as the research object. It mainly uses fiscal policy and monetary policy to balance economic development, and mainly studies macroeconomic variables such as the total price level of gdp, unemployment rate, interest rate and exchange rate.
Microeconomics mainly studies the economic behavior of a single economic decision-making unit. He examines the changes in supply and demand and prices, and further analyzes the constraints of players, such as how to determine the cost, price and output, and how to allocate resources.
The objects of investigation and research are different, but the research methods are mostly the same. For example, the quantitative marginal analysis of static analysis method and dynamic analysis method of Mi criminal law is not only individual analysis and total analysis.
Finally, the micro is the foundation of the macro. For example, employment and inflation are related to labor supply and demand theory, wage determination and commodity price determination. ...
What's the difference between market economy and planned economy? Market economy is determined by market laws, and it is free, open and competitive. Planned economy is to control the supply of goods artificially, which is easy to form monopoly and closure.
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