② Compared with atmospheric coarse particles, PM2.5 has a small particle size, is rich in a large number of toxic and harmful substances, stays in the atmosphere for a long time and has a long transportation distance, so it has a great impact on human health and atmospheric environmental quality. Meteorologists and medical experts believe that smog weather caused by fine particles is even more harmful to human health than sandstorms. Particles with a particle size larger than 10 micron will be blocked outside the human nose; Particles with a particle size of 2.5 microns to 10 microns can enter the upper respiratory tract, but some of them can be excreted through sputum and blocked by villi inside the nasal cavity, which is relatively harmless to human health; However, fine particles with a particle size less than 2.5 microns are not easily blocked. When inhaled into the human body, it will directly enter the bronchus, interfere with the gas exchange in the lungs, and cause diseases including asthma, bronchitis and cardiovascular diseases. Dust entering alveoli can be quickly absorbed, directly enters the blood circulation without liver detoxification, and is distributed all over the body, which impairs the ability of hemoglobin to transport oxygen. It may have serious consequences for patients with anemia and blood circulation disorders. For example, it will aggravate respiratory diseases and even cause heart diseases such as congestive heart failure. These particles can also enter the blood through bronchi and alveoli, and harmful gases and heavy metals are dissolved in the blood, which is more harmful to human health. The physiological structure of human body determines that it has no ability to filter and block PM 2.5, but the harm of PM 2.5 to human health is gradually exposed with the progress of medical technology.
Fog has always been called a "killer", and pollutants such as industrial waste gas, automobile exhaust, dust in the air, bacteria and viruses in the air are attached to these water droplets. In daily life and travel, these substances will have an impact on the human respiratory tract, easily causing acute upper respiratory tract infection, acute tracheobronchitis, pneumonia, asthma attacks, inducing or aggravating chronic bronchitis. According to experts' analysis, toxic substances in the atmosphere adsorbed by PM2.5 are absorbed by the human body after entering the respiratory tract, and the impact on the body is all-round. Fog is composed of invisible water droplets, while haze is composed of invisible particles and flying dust, which is very harmful to health.
④ In recent 30 years, the public smoking rate in China has been declining, but the prevalence of lung cancer has increased by more than four times. At present, it is generally believed that this may be related to the increase in haze days. Many people compare the smog weather to the "smoking room" of nature. Not only foggy days with very low visibility will have an impact on human health, but also foggy days and cloudy days will have the same problem. Hazy days also have a serious impact on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, which will hinder normal blood circulation, lead to cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, coronary heart disease, cerebral hemorrhage, and may also induce angina pectoris, myocardial infarction and heart failure. And cause pulmonary heart disease in chronic bronchitis.
⑤ The human body needs to breathe about 10 cubic meter of air every day, and people living in cities are equivalent to a mobile "air filter". How to avoid the harm of PM2.5? Experts have taken several measures:
6. It is forbidden to burn garbage and hay in the suburbs without permission. Burning without permission is the most convenient way for many farmers and enterprises to dispose of garbage. However, toxic substances such as dioxins and smoke particles produced by private burning will make surrounding cities unconsciously fall into a "poisonous fog".
⑦ Reduce going out. Experts believe that the most direct way to deal with smog weather is to minimize going out. Wearing a mask can prevent some dust from entering the nasal cavity and can play a certain protective role. However, for PM 2.5, which has caused heated discussion recently, experts believe that the resistance of masks is limited, because even professional medical masks are mainly aimed at inhalable particles above PM3, and the resistance to inhalable particles below PM 2.5 is not strong.
8 don't smoke, stay away from secondhand smoke; Open the window less in foggy weather, and you can raise some flowers and plants indoors; You can also sprinkle some water on the ground often to make the floating dust easily precipitate and adsorb on the ground; Using air purifiers, 80% of air purifiers in the market mainly purify fine particles in the air, which has a good adsorption effect on PM2.5, but pay attention to changing the filter element frequently when using it.
Pet-name ruby In addition, on foggy days, with little sunshine, weak light and low air pressure, some people will feel lazy and depressed. I suggest you combine work and rest, avoid overwork, drink more water, have a light diet, eat less irritating food and eat more tofu, milk and other foods. Eat pears, lilies, loquats, lotus seeds and radishes that nourish yin and moisten the lungs.
Traveling in the east of Beijing in foggy days, and importing Puwei core from the United States can reduce smog inhalation!