Economic difficulties can apply for low income insurance.

January-June low insurance issued, pay attention to check the receipt of the other and so on, there are abnormalities in the local Civil Affairs Bureau to consult.

Need to know the list of rosters and the situation of a person's low income, go to the local Civil Affairs Bureau for advice, because it involves privacy, it is not appropriate to publish online.

If you need to report or complain about something or think it is unreasonable, illegal or unfair, go to your local civil affairs bureau, which is the statutory body that administers the program.

Many netizens have asked how much is the monthly minimum wage? Or how much is someone's low-income insurance? Low-income insurance payment time? Low-income category, level of response:

How much money is based on the level of local revenue, the applicant's family specific degree of difficulty to determine, there is no unique numerical answer, some will be more and some will be less. For example, the same as the low-income Beijing's low-income and Yunnan's low-income, the amount of its low-income is not the same, Beijing's more, Yunnan's less; with the same in Beijing, the same place to eat low-income, the amount of its low-income is not the same, the general difficulties of the less special difficulties of the more.

Because of the low insurance is mainly by the local financial expenditure, the level of development of different regions, the local financial income situation is different (some places have more money, some places have less money), so the local low insurance policy will be different, the specific policy consult the local Civil Affairs Bureau shall prevail, such as the classification of categories, the determination of the level of subsidies, the amount of subsidies, the determination of the minimum standard of living line, the low income subsidy is in accordance with the monthly, quarterly or annual payment, and so on. The local civil affairs bureau should be consulted on the specific policies.

Many netizens have asked how much welfare is provided to the disabled in China. The reply is as follows:

Welfare for the disabled varies from region to region, and there is no uniform standard, so ask your local Disabled Persons' Federation for details of welfare. Some rich places have more financial income, the welfare will be better, such as Shenzhen, a disabled person has about 1000 yuan a year, some places may not have a penny a year. To say that the welfare of the disabled is good only in Hong Kong, Hong Kong, a disabled person a month has 10,000-12,000 or so, higher than the average working people, the mainland now can not be compared.

Low-income insurance is money, appendix netizens on the "money" comments:

A: money is a good thing, you can buy the world's material needs, but also can be used to help a lot of people, to meet their spiritual needs.

B: Money is also not a good thing, how many families have been destroyed, how many friendships and affection, money, which is a knife that kills without blood!

C: the low insurance money, will destroy my dignity, eliminate my heart, poor I do not want. No cost can get money, often will make people to keep low security and lazy struggle, resulting in a person's life are poor, never turn around.

D: Dignity can not be eaten as a meal, the low insurance is not at all cost to get a free lunch, do not want to white do not want to be able to fish on fishing, fishing can not find a way to also want to fish. The people that, what all can have no, just can't have no money! The first thing you need to do is to get a good deal of money from the government!

Low-income insurance is just a guarantee of money to buy rice, do not guarantee to eat and drink. It's not possible to get rich and famous.

You can consult or respond to the local civil affairs bureau.

As long as you think that life is difficult, you can apply for low income insurance. Be careful to say enough about the difficulties to facilitate getting approval.

Applying is one thing,

whether or not you will be approved is another.

Don't apply and no one will know you're in trouble.

Officially recognized hardship is hardship, or not hardship, and will be granted a subsidy.

If you are not officially recognized as being in difficulty, you are not in difficulty, and you will not be eligible for the low income subsidy.

Any Chinese citizen whose per capita household income is less than the minimum subsistence standard for local urban and rural residents has the right to receive material assistance from the local people's government.

Low-income protection is a system of minimum living standards based on the "three lines" system of basic living standards for laid-off workers in state-owned enterprises, unemployment insurance, and minimum living standards for urban residents that has already been established in cities. At present, the national urban and rural low security objects amounted to 74.874 million people, of which 23.078 million are urban low security, the monthly standard of 240 yuan, an increase of 7.1%, the average per capita subsidy level of 168 yuan, an increase of 15.9%; the rural low security of 51.796 million people, the annual standard of 1,136 yuan, an increase of 8.8%, the average per capita subsidy level of 62 yuan per month, an increase of 22%.

Submitting the required materials for applying for low income insurance to the low income insurance approval department:

I. Urban low income insurance

1. The applicant submits a written application to the village (neighborhood) committee of the place where the household is located, and has to explain the following matters:

1) the income of the applicant and the family members living with him/her.

②Married children family income.

③ income, including: the applicant himself, *** with the living family members and married children family income: wages, bonuses, subsidies; retirement, social pensions, living expenses of laid-off workers, unemployment benefits; alimony, fostering (support) income; a variety of labor income; rental or sale of family property income; savings deposits; other income.

4 family property. Including: real estate (number of sets, floor area), vehicles, registered enterprises (including individual business), pianos, computers, air conditioners, refrigerators, expensive pets, other high-end electrical appliances. Also indicate: whether to pay housing fund, whether to pay personal income tax.

2, the applicant should provide documents: my original identity card, a copy; I and *** with the living family members of the original household register, a copy; unemployment card, a copy of the original; disability card, a copy of the original; a copy of the first page of the hospitalization medical records.

3. Proofs to be provided by the applicant: proof of income of the applicant and his/her family members (including family members of married children). For those who have a work unit, the income certificate will be issued by the unit; for those who do not have a work unit, the income certificate will be issued by the community committee after investigation and understanding.

Second, rural low income

In accordance with the principle of territorial management, the applicant to the village (neighborhood) committee where the household registration to submit a written application, the application should be a detailed description of the family income, the causes of poverty. And provide a copy of the ID card, household register, is a disabled person to provide a copy of the certificate of disability, due to the disease of poverty to provide a copy of the front page of the recent hospitalization medical records, the applicant to provide myself and *** with the living family members and married children of family members, such as income proof of materials.

I. Conditions for Rural Subsistence Security

(1) Conditions for Rural Subsistence Security Treatment

Applicants for rural subsistence security treatment should also have the following conditions:

1, hold an agricultural household registration in the county.

2. Rural residents who live in rural villages and groups and whose families have contracted land.

3.*** The per capita annual net income and actual living standard of the family members living together is lower than the local rural low income standard (specifically ask the local civil affairs department).

(2) the materials required to apply for rural low income insurance

1, written application. 2, family members of the household register. 3, *** living with the family members of the group photo. 4, land, forests, water surface contracts or certificates. 5, out of the income of workers to prove. 6, divorced families involved in the relationship of support, support, support should be provided with a certificate of divorce. 7, non-agricultural household persons of the Family, should provide proof of income of non-agricultural household personnel. 8, disputes over the ability to work, need to provide valid health certificates. 9, disabled persons to provide disability certificates. 10, approval of other relevant materials required by the management body.

(3) Calculation of the net income of rural households

The net income of rural households is calculated on an annual basis, including the net income of all family members from agricultural and sideline production throughout the year, as well as other legitimate labor, the sum of income from business, including:

1, planting, farming, handicrafts and other productive income.

2. Income from wholesale and retail trade and catering.

3. Income from outbound labor in the social service sector.

4. Income from the distribution of the collective economy of villages and groups.

5. Income from one-time compensation for land acquisition, demolition and relocation, or other reasons, after deducting expenses for house reconstruction and brief renovation, and expenses for non-living necessities of the family in the current year.

6. Income derived from inheritance of estate or property.

7. Income from self-supply in kind (converted at market price).

8. Income derived from the purchase of raffle tickets, lottery tickets and other prize sales.

9. Other income that should be counted.

(4) Any of the following cases will not be entitled to rural low income insurance treatment

1. If the purchase, construction or renovation of housing (except for necessary repairs) within three years has caused difficulties in the family's living (except for the purchase or construction of housing and simple renovation due to demolition and resettlement).

2. Those who have contracted fields (land) and are capable of working but do not cultivate them.

3. Family members who engage in gambling, drug abuse or high-consumption entertainment activities.

4. The family owns high-grade consumer goods that are not necessary for living, such as cars, luxury jewelry and precious ornaments.

5. If the family's standard of living is significantly higher than the minimum standard of living.

6. Anyone who cheats on the minimum subsistence guarantee for rural residents by making false claims.

7. Other laws and regulations stipulate that those who cannot enjoy the minimum subsistence guarantee treatment.

(E) Application and Approval Procedures for Rural Minimum Livelihood Security Treatment

1, Application. The head of the household submits a written application to the People's Government of the township in which he lives and resides through the villagers' committee, and provides relevant supporting materials.

2. Initial examination. After the villagers' committee receives the application, it organizes the villagers' representatives to carry out democratic deliberation, and conducts the preliminary examination of the family situation of the declared objects, publicizes the results of the preliminary examination in the village for 3-5 days, and instructs them to fill in the Application and Approval Form for Rural Residents' Minimum Livelihood Security Benefits and report it to the people's government of the township together with all the materials submitted by the applicant.

3. Audit. Township people's government in checking the applicant's reported materials are complete, formally accept the applicant's application, immediately organize household verification, for eligible objects, put forward the opinion of subsidies, the villagers' committee for the second list of publicity for 3-5 days, on the ineligible by the township people's government to notify the applicant, on the eligible to report to the county-level approval of the management organs.

4. Approval. After receiving the reported application materials, the county-level civil affairs departments immediately organize household verification, review and approval in accordance with the law, and notify the villagers' committees of the third list of those who are eligible to enjoy the rural subsistence allowance treatment to make public announcements again for 3 days, and issue the Minimum Subsistence Security Benefit Receipt Certificates for Rural Residents and Security Benefit Receipt Passbooks to those who do not have objections, and notify the applicants in writing if they do not meet the requirements for enjoying the rural subsistence allowance treatment.

Attached to the official statement:

Currently, China is actively pursuing a social assistance system in order to help more people in need. At present, the main components of our social security system include minimum living standard, medical assistance, housing assistance, education assistance and so on.

What is the minimum living standard?

Low-income protection, or minimum subsistence guarantee, is a social security system in which the state provides certain cash subsidies to people whose per capita family income is lower than the minimum subsistence standard announced by the local government, in order to ensure the basic living needs of the family members. It is one of the important elements of social assistance in China, and its main purpose is to ensure the basic life of the nation. Currently, China's low security is mainly divided into two major types of urban low security and rural low security.

Who is eligible for low income insurance?

According to China's Interim Measures for the Social Assistance System, families whose per capita incomes of family members living with them are lower than the local minimum subsistence guarantee standard and who meet the requirements of the local minimum subsistence guarantee for the family's property status can apply for low income security.

How do I apply for low income protection?

In China, the application procedure is relatively simple, the family members can submit a written application to the township people's government or street office where the household registration is located. After the township people's government and street office shall investigate and verify the applicant's family income status and property status by means of household survey and neighborhood visit, and then make an approval opinion. Approval is granted if the conditions are met, and reasons are given to the applicant if the conditions are not met. If a family member has difficulty in applying, he or she may ask the villagers' committee or residents' committee to make the application on his or her behalf.

What is the standard for the minimum income?

The minimum living standard is determined and announced by the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government, or municipalities with districts, in accordance with the expenses necessary for the living of local residents, and adjusted in due course in accordance with the level of local economic and social development and price changes. Different cities have different standards for granting low income insurance (Answer: Consult your local Civil Affairs Bureau for the standards in your area). For example, in Guangdong Province, according to the standard of living and financial capacity of each region, the establishment of the minimum standard of urban and rural low security in 2015 will be divided into four categories of areas, the first category of areas of urban low security and rural low security are 650 yuan, the second category of areas of urban low security and rural low security are 550 yuan, the third category of areas of urban low security is 520 yuan, rural low security is 386 yuan, and the fourth category of areas of urban low security is 410 yuan, rural The fourth category is 410 yuan for urban low income and 260 yuan for rural low income.

Disability subsidies:

Subsidies for the living of persons with disabilities in difficulty were previously paid to persons with severe disabilities in low-income families at 120 percent of the local low-income standard, and monthly subsidies of 80 yuan and 60 yuan were paid to urban and rural areas, respectively, in the form of a disability subsidy for severe disabilities. Non-severe disabilities were given an additional 20% of the LPS standard on top of the LPS payment based on the income supplement. According to the spirit of the document issued on this occasion, persons with severe disabilities in low-income families are granted a living allowance in accordance with 30-40 per cent of the local low-income insurance standard, and persons with non-severe disabilities in low-income families are granted a living allowance in accordance with 25 per cent of the local low-income insurance standard, and at the same time, the policy of granting a severe disability allowance to persons with severe disabilities within the original low-income insurance system and the incremental portion of the subsidy for persons with disabilities in the minimum subsistence guarantee system are abolished. Persons with intellectual, physical, mental, blind and visually impaired disabilities with no fixed income outside of low-income-insurance households are granted living subsidies in accordance with 100 per cent of the local low-income-insurance standard, and persons with disabilities with multiple disabilities in a household with a per capita household income of no more than two times the local low-income-insurance standard, or persons with disabilities with special difficulties who are dependent on the elderly to support them are granted living subsidies in accordance with no less than 60 per cent of the local low-income-insurance standard, and at the same time, the original living assistance payments for persons with disabilities with special difficulties who are outside of the original low-income-insurance are abolished. Nursing care subsidies for persons with severe disabilities are provided at a rate of no less than 120 yuan per month in urban and 80 yuan per month in rural areas. The standard for these subsidies will be increased yearly, and gradually realized as a unified urban/rural standard for all persons with disabilities. Increase year by year, and gradually realize the unified urban and rural subsidy standard.

The Opinions make it clear that the two subsidies for persons with disabilities are to be applied for voluntarily, examined at each level, and reviewed regularly, and are to be paid out by financial institutions on a monthly or quarterly basis by the 10th day of the first month by credit card. Conditional areas can be based on the actual situation of the detailed division of subsidy categories and standards, to take the form of reimbursement or government-purchased services to pay care subsidies for persons with severe disabilities.

Low-income insurance canceled

1. If a guaranteed recipient falsely declares or conceals his or her income or provides a false certificate, the guarantee will be canceled upon investigation.

2. Protection recipients and family members wearing gold and jade, keeping pets, etc., and the family's living standard is significantly higher than the standard of living of their neighbors can be canceled.

3. During the period of coverage, if the beneficiary and his/her family members have high-grade consumer goods, such as color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, cell phone, motorcycle, valuable jewelry, air conditioner, etc., or if they renovate their houses, buy valuable household appliances, or install new fixed-line telephones, the coverage can be canceled.

4. Those who have the ability to work and have enjoyed the low income insurance treatment, and refuse to participate in public welfare labor at the village level without justifiable reasons can be canceled.

5. Those who do not receive the subsidy on time for three consecutive months or who ask others to receive the subsidy for them without any special reason can be canceled.

6. If the beneficiary and his/her family members have entertainment and recreational spending that is incompatible with the enjoyment of the low income guarantee, the qualification for the guarantee can be canceled.

7. Gambling, drug abuse and prostitution among family members who are already enjoying the low income guarantee are immediately disqualified.

8, low-income recipients in the enjoyment of low-income insurance during the large red and white wedding, resulting in adverse social impact.

9. Families buying non-basic necessities at one time during the year amounting to more than 300 yuan

People's Daily publishes common frauds and loopholes in the low income guarantee

December 2014, there have already been three provinces, Qinghai, Hainan and Inner Mongolia, to inform that more than 260,000 people were dismissed from the substandard low income guarantee objects in 2014.

What should not be "eaten" indiscriminately "eat", more than 1.5 million people more than a year to check and correct.

Qinghai province in 2014 to clear the number of people who do not meet the conditions of the low income insurance accounted for 10% of the total number of original low income households. It is expected that by the end of this year, the number of urban and rural LPS recipients in the province will be reduced from 635,000 in 2012 to 567,000, saving 220 million yuan in annual financial resources.

Low-income insurance violations are not a phenomenon in individual regions. between June 2013 and September 2014, the country corrected more than 1.514 million urban and rural low-income insurance errors and omissions.

According to relevant regulations, the targets of the low income guarantee are mainly people whose per capita household income is lower than the minimum subsistence guarantee standard, and mainly those who have no source of livelihood, are incapable of labor, and are old, sick or disabled, and other people who have difficulties in life all year round. However, it is these people in need of a meager source of livelihood, but also by some "official insurance" target.

Despite increasing efforts to clean up the situation in recent years, irregularities in the low income guarantee are still being reproduced. 2013, the Civil Affairs Department of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region *** returned more than 100,000 people who did not meet the eligibility requirements for the low income guarantee, among them, there are a large number of "humane guarantee" and "relationship guarantee. "Nine months later, another 139,000 people were retired for violating the law.

Some of the "official guarantors" are even more money-obsessed: Zhang Jinghua, the former director of the civil affairs office in Wutou Town, Xin'an County, Luoyang City, Henan Province, was recently revealed to be in possession of 267 passbooks, which were all collected from the needy and used to embezzle over 500,000 yuan of subsidies for various types of needy people, including additional funds for low income guarantees. Many people do not know how to use the passbook, and put it in the custody of the civil affairs department, which gave Zhang Jinghua an opportunity to take advantage of.

From 1997, the State Council issued a notice requiring the establishment of an urban low income insurance system in the country, to today's low income insurance in the urban and rural areas of the full coverage, low income insurance system has experienced more than 10 years of development, for the urban and rural areas of many people in need of weaving a "network of food and clothing". However, this should be enjoyed by the people in need of welfare, but there are many fell into the hands of the "official insurance", it is heartbreaking.

Basic departments "deceive the top and cheat the bottom", "end corruption" frequent regulatory loopholes.

In 2012, the Ministry of Civil Affairs formulated the "Minimum Subsistence Security Audit and Approval Measures (Trial)", according to which the township people's government (street office) is responsible for reviewing the materials submitted by the applicant or his or her agent and is responsible for submitting the application materials to the people's government of the county-level civil affairs departments for approval.

However, the grassroots administration, which is supposed to play the role of "carrying on the top and starting the bottom", has been "deceiving the top and cheating the bottom" in many cases of "misappropriation" of low income insurance, and has acted as a "referee" for the review and approval of low income insurance. The government's decision to take on the role of "referee" and "athlete" in the application process has been a major factor in the development of the country's economy.

According to the regulations, the process of applying for low income insurance for the needy can be roughly summarized as: application - acceptance of examination - family survey - democratic deliberation - examination and approval - fund release However, in this process, there are often cases where the system is not strictly followed, some are just going through the motions, and there are even cases of tampering and distortion, which breeds corruption.

- Inadmissibility, application without a door. Some officials "shut down" people in need at the first hurdle in order to ensure that those with whom they have "good relations" get the low income quota. "Candidates for low-income households are often identified before the village committee meets to discuss them." A villager in Lingao County, Hainan, said other poor households will not hear back even if they apply.

- Lack of investigation and unclear public announcements. Some officials use various means to withhold information, hiding the "background". Huang Guohua, the former village secretary of Tannan Village in Changping Township, Leiyang County, Hunan Province, and others tampered with the minutes of the democratic deliberation meeting to decide on the low income index, while in some other areas, the democratic deliberation meeting was not attended by villagers' representatives for a long time.

--You come to my approval, muddle through. Some of the higher approval departments just fulfill the mission of "from paper to paper", do not look y into the authenticity of the application materials, so that the "approval" has become a mechanical movement. 2012 December to 2013 December period, Zhejiang Wenling a social aid workers to take advantage of their positions In the period from December 2012 to December 2013, a social aid worker in Wenling, Zhejiang Province, took advantage of his position to fraudulently sign other people's names, and 26 times fraudulently claimed more than 110,000 yuan in subsidies from 19 subsidized recipients for his own personal use. And this scam, the higher authorities this as long as according to the provisions of the fulfillment of the obligation to audit can be punctured.

--A policy of "final" life, less review. According to the regulations, when the family size, income and property status changes, the low income families should report, the higher departments should review. However, some places do not pay attention to or deliberately ignore this dynamic management, frequent "dead people eat low income" events. 2011, Hukou County, Jiangxi Province, was exposed to a villager died after still "receive" two years of low income, and his son is the local civil affairs department cadres.

Smooth monitoring mechanism to clean up the "official insurance policy"

"This is a matter of low-income insurance, the power of grass-roots cadres is too great." Zhu Qizhen, director of the China Agricultural University [microblogging] Farmer's Issues Research Institute, lamented. In the whole policy, grass-roots cadres have important responsibilities, and thus have centralized power. Some "official guarantors" play with their authority, disregard rules and regulations, and treat the low income guarantee that the state arranges for them to manage as a "red packet" for themselves. Some of the grassroots people who reflect their problems to the public do not get feedback, but will "annoy" grass-roots cadres, and the loss is not worth the gain, so they are often only angry and dare not speak out.

In response to the unfairness of the low income insurance phenomenon, the various regions have repeatedly carried out cleaning up illegal low income insurance action, and focused on rectification. The reporter found that a lot of rectification work in fact in the original low insurance policy has requirements, such as the organization of collective meetings, close relatives of the low insurance alone for the record, etc., only in the past failed to do. However, the centralized clean-up action is not a permanent solution, "official insurance insurance" is still constantly reappearing. Zhu Qizhen believes that the current low-income insurance process is seriously lack of supervision, neither the main body of supervision nor the supervision mechanism, so that the state subsidies are not given to the subsidies should be given to the object, the interests of the people in need are difficult to be protected.

He Xuefeng, a professor at Huazhong University of Science and Technology who has researched rural issues in many places, believes that a smooth monitoring channel and a perfect information disclosure mechanism need to be set up in order to get a long-term solution to the problem of "official protection". "The supervision mechanism should be put into practice, and reports from the public should be accepted instantly, and the relevant people should be strictly held accountable, and one case should be found and investigated."

"More power can be given to the masses." Zhu Qizhen said the constraints on the power of grass-roots cadres should start with the grass-roots masses, so that they can speak out, see the writing on the wall and say what they want to say. "A healthy set of rules of procedure for the grassroots masses needs to be set up, and the supervision mechanism needs to be improved to make information on low income insurance open and transparent."

Laws and regulations on low-income insurance

Interim Measures for Social Assistance

Article 66 Violation of the provisions of these Measures, if any of the following situations occurs, a higher administrative organ or a supervisory organ shall order correction; the directly responsible supervisor and other directly responsible personnel shall be given sanctions according to the law:

(1) Inadmissibility of applications for assistance that meet the conditions for application

(b) to meet the conditions of the aid application is not approved;

(c) to fail to meet the conditions of the aid application is approved;

(d) to disclose the personal information of the citizens known in the work, resulting in the consequences;

(e) to lose, tamper with the acceptance of social assistance funds, service records and other data;

(f) Failure to issue social assistance funds or materials or provide related services in accordance with the regulations;

(g) Any other abuse of power, dereliction of duty, or favoritism in the course of performing social assistance duties.

Article 67 If, in violation of the provisions of these Measures, a person intercepts, appropriates, misappropriates, or illegally divides social assistance funds or materials, the relevant authorities shall order the recovery of such funds or materials; if there is any illegal income, the illegal income shall be confiscated; and the directly responsible person in charge of such funds or materials and the other persons directly responsible for such funds or materials shall be given penalties in accordance with the law.

Article 68 Anyone who adopts such means as misrepresentation, concealment or forgery to fraudulently obtain social assistance funds, materials or services shall be ordered by the relevant authorities to discontinue the social assistance and order the return of the illegally obtained assistance funds or materials, and may be fined at a rate of not less than one and not more than three times the value of the illegally obtained assistance funds or materials; and anyone who constitutes a violation of public security administration shall be subject to public security administration penalties in accordance with the law.

Article 69 Violation of the provisions of these Measures constitutes a crime, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility.

Low-income household death policy:

From the "on further deepening the funeral reform to standardize the management of funeral services" query, the basic funeral services, including the remains of the body receiving and transporting (including lifting the body, disinfection), storage (including refrigeration), cremation and cremation and storage of ashes, and other services, and its services to implement the Ministry of Civil Affairs, "Funeral Reception Services", "preservation of human remains", "cremation services", "cremation services" and "storage services" and other services, and the Ministry of Civil Affairs. Ashes Hosting Service" and other service standards. "For example, the fee for transportation of remains by ordinary funeral vehicles and the fee for storage of remains in ordinary refrigerated cabinets within three days are waived." Reductions are available for low-income households.

Procedures for the waiver: relatives who are eligible for the waiver policy should apply to the civil affairs office where the deceased's household registration is located, and provide death certificates, low-income guarantees and other related materials as required. Reported by the district and county civil affairs bureau for approval, to the funeral home for the basic funeral service fee reduction and waiver procedures.

About low-cost housing (low-income housing) policy information:

Low-income housing is the people's social verbiage, referring to the generation of low-cost housing (or public **** rental housing) and affordable housing two kinds of social welfare housing.

Low-rent housing refers to housing of a social security nature provided by the government in the form of rental subsidies or in-kind rent allocation to families that meet the minimum living standards for urban residents and have housing difficulties. The allocation of low-cost housing is mainly in the form of rental subsidies, supplemented by in-kind rent allocation and rent remission. According to the provisions of the Notice on the Joint Operation of Public **** Rental Housing and Low-Cost Housing (Jianbao [2013] No. 178) jointly issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Finance, and the National Development and Reform Commission, public **** rental housing and low-cost housing will be operated in parallel in all areas from 2014 onwards and will be collectively referred to as public **** rental housing after the merger.

Affordable housing refers to dwellings built under the national affordable housing construction program. Plans are issued by the state, land use is generally implemented in the form of administrative allocation, exemption from land premiums, a 50% reduction in various approved fees and charges, and the sale price is guided by the government and determined according to the principle of preserving capital and making a small profit.

Because they are social welfare housing, applications for both types of housing are subject to certain qualifications, and are awarded after approval and balloting by government departments.