Rats like dirty places, so you need to clean them.

1. Harm of rats to human beings

Rats are one of the animals that have the closest relationship with human beings. Since human beings settled in agriculture and had a home, rats have been attached to human beings for a living, and they have been endangering human beings everywhere. It has many kinds, a large number and strong adaptability, and has survived since ancient times under the condition of everyone shouting, and has become an uninvited and unwelcome guest of human beings. In our country, the number of rodents is four times that of the population. Such a huge group warns us that we must resolutely put rats to death and then quickly, no matter from spreading diseases, endangering the economy or the ubiquitous destruction. In order to kill rats better, the habits and hazards of rats are introduced as follows:

Reproduction and living habits of rats

1. Rats reproduce very fast, with an average of 44.5 young rats per female rat each year, and a pair of adult rats will have 15,111 offspring a year later, which can be described as ten generations living under one roof. As the saying goes, "One male plus one female, two hundred and fifty in three years". Spring and autumn are the peak seasons for mice to breed. If the food and hiding conditions are suitable, they can breed in all seasons.

2. Rats are gluttonous animals. Because of their large activity, fast growth and large food intake, rats eat one-tenth to one-fifth of their own weight every day, which makes them more spoiled and dirty. A rough estimate of the ratio of the three is to eat one, spoil two and dirty four, and even eating and moving is more harmful.

3. Although the mouse is color-blind and can't distinguish colorful, it can detect moving objects in a very dark environment and distinguish things of different sizes and shapes. The farthest distance can reach 1.5 meters, but the object is gray, so bright yellow or bright green is used as bait to reduce the feeding of birds.

2. Mice have a keen sense of hearing. They are not only sensitive to small sounds that suddenly appear, but also can hear ultrasonic waves that vibrate less than 1.5 million times (per second) and send out ultrasonic waves to communicate with each other, while people and cats have nothing to hear.

⒌ mice have developed sense of smell and taste. It is used to determine the position of food and identify the smell. Its sense of touch is quite alert, and its beard and bristles enable them to move freely along the walls and holes in the dark.

[6] Rats are good at climbing, and they can jump from a height of 15 meters without being hurt. Rats are good at swimming. They can dive for 31-81 seconds and float in the water for 71 hours. Rats are good at digging holes, and any corner, grass and sundries that can be used as hiding places can be used as nests. Generally, there are 2-4 holes, and a large amount of food is stored in the holes. Rats can survive and breed in the food cold storage at MINUS 24 degrees Celsius, and they can also live at MINUS 41 degrees Celsius.

1. Rats' teeth can grow to 1.3 cm in their lifetime, so they need to chew hard objects constantly, especially hard furniture, doors, windows and walls when they are not hungry, for the purpose of opening channels and grinding their teeth. Its biting hunger is developed, and its chewing force can reach 261 kg per cm, with a frequency of 91 times per minute, which is quite destructive.

⒏ The dominant populations in Beijing are Mus musculus and Rattus norvegicus. Mus musculus can drill through 6 mm pores, and Rattus norvegicus can drill through any pores larger than 1.25 cm. Climb over horizontal or vertical cables and walk horizontally on any form of pipe.

Rodents and rodents have caused great losses to agriculture, animal husbandry and industry

The world's food losses caused by rodents can reach 15%-21% of the harvest, which is equivalent to the gross national income of 25 poor countries and enough for the annual rations of 51 million people. In China, nearly 11 million mu of forest and 1 billion mu of grassland are destroyed into desert or barren continent every year, with a loss of more than 3 billion RMB. The damage caused by rodents in urban industry is very serious. Rats bite cable insulation materials, causing short circuit, drilling into transformers and causing explosion, and causing strong magnetic field induced breakdown and burning equipment in high-voltage lines. Many fires caused by unknown reasons in cities are related to fires caused by rats gnawing at damaged circuits. As for biting all kinds of items in residents' homes, there are countless more.

Three mice can spread various diseases

Rats can spread diseases directly to humans or to people and animals through ectoparasites. Rats can spread more than 35 diseases, such as plague, epidemic hemorrhagic fever and typhoid fever. According to experts' estimates, the death toll from rodent-borne diseases in history exceeds the sum of all the war deaths in history. Beijing is also in the epidemic area of epidemic hemorrhagic fever. In 197, there were 22 cases of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Beijing, and in May 1998, there were 24 cases of epidemic hemorrhagic fever. In May 1999, the incidence of epidemic hemorrhagic fever exceeded the sum of the whole year of 198, which shows that the scientific inference that every 11 years is the peak of rat-borne diseases is very correct.

Epidemic hemorrhagic fever mainly damages renal function. The symptoms of this disease are severe, mainly high fever, hemorrhage, shock and renal failure. The course of the disease is long, and the mortality rate is as high as 5-11%. The curative effect is good in the early and middle stages of the disease, but not good in the later stages.

2. How to eliminate rodent pests

1. Grasp the rodent control standard and do a good job of monitoring before and after extermination

(1) Distribute 2 pieces of powder (21x21 along the wall, about 2 cents thick fossil powder) in every room of 15m2, and the positive powder will not exceed 3% after one night; There are no more than 2% rooms with rat droppings and rat bites; The unqualified rat prevention facilities in key units shall not exceed 5%.

(2) The total amount of different types of external environment is 2111m, and there are no more than 5 rat tracks.

2. Environmental management

(1) Before rodent control, the rat food should be cut off in time, and the garbage should be thoroughly removed. The food and food stored in violation of the regulations should be controlled, especially the leftovers of the catering industry should be sealed and kept, and the kitchen waste should be cleaned up and transported in time.

(2) The abandoned food and accumulated water which can be eaten by rats in the external environment shall be cleaned up in time.

Three-standard rat-proof facilities

1. Doors and windows should be tightly jointed, and the gaps between doors and doorframes, windows and window edges should be less than 6 mm. The lower edge of wooden doors in food processing and operation rooms, sales halls, food and drug warehouses, non-staple food warehouses and other places where rats can be harmed should be inlaid with iron sheets 31 cm high inside and outside; The windows and ventilation holes in the basement or the first floor of the building should be equipped with 13x13 barbed wire.

1. All kinds of pipes or cables entering and leaving the building are blocked with cement and other materials; Indoor holes and gaps that may be used by rats are also filled with cement.

3. The sewer should be equipped with a water return bowl, the indoor drainage ditch should be equipped with a complete iron grate, and the water outlet leading to the outside should be equipped with a 13x13 rat-proof barbed wire gate.

2. Wooden doors of warehouses for grain, non-staple food seasonings, medicines, etc. should be covered with iron sheets with a height of 31 cm, and doors that are frequently opened should be provided with rat-proof baffles with iron sheets with a height of 51 cm, and rat boxes or rat-sticking boards containing fresh rodenticides should be kept in the warehouses all year round.

Requirements for the release of four rat poisons

1. Residential area of bungalow: 2-3 stacks of poison bait are released in the room of 15 square meters along the wall, at least 1 stacks of poison bait are released in the kitchen, and 31 grams of poison bait are released every 11 meters along the wall in the hospital, for at least 3 days, and one batch is supplemented.

1. Residential area of the building: put 1-2 piles of poison bait in the first floor and the basement of 1.5 square meters, put them in the bed, under the cupboard and inside the heating cover, put 1 piles in the kitchen and balcony respectively, and feed poison bait in other floors according to the above method, and check for 3 days continuously, and eat one and make up two copies.

3. government agencies and units: put 1-2 piles of poison bait in each room on the first floor and basement, and put them under the cabinet and in the heating hood. If there are rats in the rooms above the second floor, put poison bait. In the hospital, put 1 wax blocks 21 meters along the wall root, eat one and make up two, and check for 3 days continuously. 2-4 bait stations can be set around the canteen to put wax blocks to kill rats for a long time.

4. Stores and supermarkets: Put 1 piles of poison bait every 5 meters along the wall base on the first floor and basement, and put them under the heating and shelves. Add 1 piles at the place where sundries are piled up, eat one and make up two, and check for 3-7 days continuously. You can also kill rats by sticking rat boards.

⒌ Dining in canteen: use poison bait boxes to administer drugs, with 1 piles of poison bait every 5 meters, 1 piles in the heating cover and 1 piles in front of the storage room, each pile is 51g. Put 1 wax blocks every 11 meters outdoors, continuously check and supplement poison bait for at least 7 days, put wax block drugs in the external environment, and prohibit putting granular rodenticide.

6. Sewers and pipeline wells: put 111g of wax bait, and check and replenish the bait at least 3 times every other day.

⒎ food warehouse: use the rodenticide box to put rodenticide or rat-sticking board at intervals of 5 meters along the wall for many years, and replenish the medicine at any time.

⒏ bazaar: throw 1 piles of poisonous bait every 5 meters along the wall; Put 1 piles of poison bait every 5 meters under the shelf, each pile of 51 grams, and continuously check and supplement the poison bait for 7 days.

⒐ construction site: migrant workers' dormitories put 1 piles of poison bait every 5 meters along the wall, and put 1 piles of poison bait under each bed, each pile of 31g. Rat poison is put in the canteen in a rat box all year round, and the external environment and the indoor environment are inspected and supplemented for 7 consecutive days.

five points for attention: granular rodenticide and rat-sticking board are mainly used for internal administration, and poisonous baits such as Bataan and Likemei are mainly used for external environment and sewer pipes, with 3 pills in each pile; Do not put granular rodenticide in order to prevent children and pet birds from eating by mistake, and bury dead rats in time.