Main contents of fire safety knowledge training:
1. Learning of laws, regulations and management system:
Learning Fire Protection Law, being familiar with the guidelines, principles and tasks of fire control work, and defining the regulations of fire control work in the unit. Fire safety is an important part of the government's social management and public service, and it is an important guarantee for social stability and economic development. Unit is the basic unit of society and the core subject of fire safety management.
2. Nature of fire fighting work:
The practice of fire fighting work has proved that the establishment of various forms of fire fighting forces is determined by China's national conditions, which is an important basis for developing and safeguarding people's livelihood and an inevitable requirement for building a well-off society in an all-round way. The voluntary fire brigade is led by the administrative, security and safety organization of the enterprise unit. The voluntary fire brigade is an important force in public security fire control work, fire prevention and self-prevention.
3. Basic knowledge of fire protection:
(1) Combustion is an exothermic reaction between combustible and oxidant, usually accompanied by flame, luminescence and smoke.
(2) The three elements of combustion: namely, the three conditions that combustion must meet at the same time: combustible, auxiliary and ignition source.
(3) Common ignition sources: open flame, electric spark, sparks generated by impact or friction, hot substances and surfaces, lightning strike and spontaneous combustion.
(4) Combustion products: harmful gases and dust such as carbon oxide, carbon dioxide, phosphorus pentoxide, sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride.
4. Use of fire-fighting facilities and equipment:
A fire extinguisher is a commonly used fire-fighting equipment, which has the characteristics of portability, flexibility and fast fire extinguishing speed, and is mainly used to put out initial fires of various substances. Because the initial fire range is small and the fire is weak, it is the most favorable opportunity to put out the fire, so the correct use of fire extinguishers can put out the fire in the bud in time and avoid causing huge property losses and possible casualties.
5. Fire alarm handling procedures:
After receiving the alarm signal, the fire control duty room will assign fire patrol personnel to the site with walkie-talkies and jack telephones to confirm the fire; According to the feedback from the fire site, the interphone or manual control button should be used to feed back the fire information to the central control room, and fire-fighting equipment should be deployed and personnel should be organized to go to the scene to put out the fire immediately.
At the same time, the personnel on duty in the central control room will start the fire control system equipment immediately after receiving the alarm, and start the fire broadcast to organize evacuation; The startup department i] fire emergency plan, and call 119 to call the police; After the fire alarm is handled, make a good record of fire alarm information and restore the standby operation state of fire fighting equipment to prevent the next fire; If a false alarm is found, check the alarm reason, take corresponding measures and make records.
6. Disaster fighting method:
(1) Isolation method: the combustible materials at or around the fire source are isolated or removed, and the combustion will stop because of the loss of combustible materials.
(2) asphyxiation method: it is to prevent air from entering the combustion zone or dilute the air with nonflammable gas, so that the combustion can not get enough oxygen and go out.
(3) cooling method: the fire extinguishing agent is directly sprayed on the combustion object to lower the temperature of the combustion object below its ignition point to stop the combustion; Or spray fire extinguishing agent on combustible materials near the fire source to avoid spreading.
(4) inhibition method: fire extinguishing agent is involved in the combustion reaction process, so that the free radicals generated in the combustion process disappear and the combustion stops.
7. Disposal procedures and measures for fire fighting:
(1) Initial fire handling procedures: Once a fire is found, you should be calm and call the police in time while checking the fire; According to the situation and the cause of the fire, take measures such as cutting off the power supply and evacuating people; Call for help and evacuate people in crowded places first; Use on-site fire-fighting equipment to actively and timely put out the fire.
(2) Measures taken to put out the fire: blocking the fire and preventing its spread; Fast break rescue to control the fire; Ventilation and smoke exhaust reduce losses; Isolation
put out the fire.
8. Emergency evacuation and escape:
After receiving the police, the personnel on duty immediately start the fire broadcast to organize evacuation, give correct notification, organize personnel to guide and prevent crowd confusion; Organize evacuation according to the evacuation plan formulated in the fire emergency plan, pay attention to self-protection, and adopt the posture of bow and bend when passing through the smoke area; Strictly obey the organization and command, control personnel's emotions, prevent personnel from returning to the fire, and do a good job in eye and respiratory protection.
9. Fire fighting skills training:
Use all kinds of fire fighting equipment on site, master the principles and essentials of fire fighting, and be familiar with fire fighting procedures and measures to be taken; Be familiar with the location of all kinds of fire-fighting facilities and equipment in the office and the unit, including fire extinguishers, indoor fire hydrants and hoses; According to the characteristics of the office, simulate the disaster situation in the key fire areas, and be familiar with the fire alarm and alarm handling procedures; Organize emergency evacuation drills and be familiar with the evacuation and escape routes of the unit.