What should the patients with cholecystitis and cholelithiasis pay attention to in their daily diet

(1) During the acute attack of cholecystitis, they should not eat fried and fried food, eggs, broth and alcohol; Eating should be limited to low-fat, low-protein, a small amount of digestible liquid food or semi-liquid food, and a small amount of fat and protein food, such as lean meat, fish, eggs, milk, fruits and fresh vegetables, can be gradually added as the symptoms subside.

(2) Patients with chronic cholecystitis should mainly eat light and digestible food on weekdays, and drink a lot (1,511 ~ 2,111 ml) to dilute bile. Eat 1 times every 2 ~ 3 hours to stimulate bile secretion. Eat digestible protein 51g a day. Don't eat animal brains, kidneys, egg yolks, fried foods and spicy products.

(3) Patients with cholecystitis and cholelithiasis should eat regularly and quantitatively, eat less and eat more meals, and should not be too full. In the diet structure, strictly control fat and cholesterol-containing foods, such as fat meat, fried food, animal offal, etc., because the formation of gallstones has a certain relationship with high cholesterol and metabolic disorders in the body. Do not drink alcohol and eat spicy food, but eat more non-staple food such as radish, vegetables, beans and soybean milk. Radish is beneficial to gallbladder function and can help the digestion and absorption of fat; Green vegetables contain a lot of vitamins and cellulose; Beans are rich in plant protein. In addition, some fruits and juices should be added to make up for the loss of body fluids and vitamins caused by inflammation.

(4) Patients with cholecystitis and cholelithiasis should generally eat a low-fat and low-cholesterol diet. Fat meat, fried food, fatty dried fruit, kernel food and egg yolk, animal brain, liver, kidney and roe should be strictly controlled. Usually, the diet should also be easy to digest and contain less dregs to avoid gas production. All alcohol, stimulating food and strong spices can promote gallbladder contraction, make the sphincter of biliary tract not relax in time, and cause bile to flow out, thus causing acute cholecystitis, so it should be avoided. Acute attack should be given low-fat, digestible semi-liquid food or liquid food; Severe cases should be fasted, gastrointestinal decompression and intravenous rehydration.

Cholecystitis is common in middle-aged people

Cholecystitis is a common surgical acute abdomen, and its incidence is second only to acute appendicitis. It usually happens in middle-aged people. From the medical theory, cholecystitis can be divided into acute and chronic, but in fact, most of them are chronic. At the first few times, the symptoms are very light and the pain is not too severe. They are often mistaken for stomach diseases and are not noticed. Then the lesions gradually become serious. Under some inducement, they suddenly show acute attacks, and the upper abdomen is violently cramped on the right side, so they dare not straighten up, so they have to protect the abdomen with their hands, dare not touch it, and even roll and shout in pain.

why does cholecystitis often occur in middle-aged people? This has to start with the cause of cholecystitis. Gallbladder is commonly known as gall bladder, shaped like a pear, which is an organ for storing and concentrating bile. After eating food, people make the gallbladder contract through nerve reflex, and the bile flows into the duodenum through the biliary tract to promote the digestion and absorption of fat. If the body is too obese, or there are metabolic disorders, neuroendocrine disorders, gallstones, etc., bile will not easily flow out of the gallbladder and stay in the gallbladder, and the water in the bile will be gradually absorbed, which will increase the concentration of bile salts, which will stimulate inflammation of the gallbladder mucosa. At first, it was sterile, and then bacteria took the opportunity to invade, which changed from aseptic cholecystitis to infectious cholecystitis.

Some middle-aged people over 41 years old often have different degrees of neuromodulation and metabolic disorders due to changes in working environment and lifestyle, which affect the normal contraction and relaxation of the gallbladder and make bile excretion not smooth, especially the middle-aged people who are getting fat gradually, which are more likely to stimulate the gallbladder to contract strongly due to the disorder of fat metabolism. If there are infection, indigestion and stone formation at the same time, it is easier to induce cholecystitis. Middle-aged women before menopause, because of endocrine changes, often affect the secretion and regulation of bile, so the chance of getting cholecystitis is more than that of men of the same age.

The main ways to prevent and treat cholecystitis are as follows:

1. Do some physical activities regularly to make the whole body active, especially for middle-aged people who are mentally working and always sitting still at work, and do more physical work consciously to prevent excessive obesity, because obesity is an important cause of cholecystitis or gallstones.

2. Pay attention to food hygiene, avoid overeating and moderate fatty foods. Because after eating fatty food, the gallbladder will contract reflexively, and once the contraction is too strong, it will lead to an acute attack of biliary colic.

3. Pay attention to keep warm after the autumn chill, especially when sleeping, to prevent the abdomen from catching cold, because the abdomen will stimulate the vagus nerve and make the gallbladder contract strongly.

4. People who have been proved to have gallstones or intestinal parasitic diseases should be treated in time to avoid gallbladder inflammation. 5. If the attacks are frequent and the symptoms are serious, which obviously affects life and work, and conservative treatments such as cholagogic drugs are not effective, you should consider surgical treatment.

Health care of cholecystitis

1. The main causes of cholecystitis and cholelithiasis in China are related to intestinal parasitic diseases and intestinal infections. Ascaris can go up and drill into the biliary tract, causing biliary tract inflammation. Ascaris lumbricoides residues and ascaris lumbricoides eggs can become the "core" and form stones. Intestinal infection can be retrograde, leading to biliary tract infection and gallbladder inflammation. Prevention and treatment of these two diseases can significantly reduce the incidence of this disease.

2. Emotional disorder, loss of liver and gallbladder to drain can lead to obstruction of bile excretion. Maintaining an optimistic mood and an open mind is an important part of preventing this disease and reducing its recurrence.

3. Pay attention to food hygiene and drink mineral water or magnetized water as appropriate. Mineral water containing magnesium sulfate, sodium sulfate and sodium bicarbonate is preferred. After drinking, it can make gallbladder contract and promote bile excretion. Usually, you should drink more water, and the daily drinking amount should be above 1,511 ml. Eat moderately and avoid overeating. Strictly control fat and foods rich in cholesterol, such as animal brains, internal organs, fish eggs, egg yolks, etc. Diet should use light and digestible foods with high carbohydrate, low fat and multi-vitamins, eat more non-staple foods such as radishes, vegetables and beans, eat more fresh fruits, eat less spicy and fried foods, abstain from alcohol and eat cold and unclean foods.

4. For sedentary people, outdoor activities should be emphasized, and exercises such as doing exercises, running, walking, Tai Ji Chuan and Qigong can be selected. Advocating abdominal breathing can play a rhythmic "massage" role in the gallbladder, pancreas and stomach, and make the liver and gallbladder smooth.

The doctor tells you how to maintain and recuperate

1. Bile is the main substance to help digestion and absorption of fat. Cholecystitis patients have poor bile secretion, so it is difficult to absorb fat. Patients should be mainly vegetarian with high protein and vitamins, and try their best to avoid a high-fat diet.

2. Live a regular life, keep a good mood, avoid overwork, avoid overeating, eat less greasy food, and eliminate the predisposing factors. Do more regular activities to regulate meridian qi and blood, so as to facilitate biliary tract dredging and reduce acute attacks.

Diet therapy for cholecystitis

Biliary diseases are closely related to diet, so diet therapy is of great significance.

Liquid foods with low fat and high carbohydrate can be given, such as lotus root starch, rice soup, fruit water, vegetable water, honey water, etc. Eat less and eat more; Animals' brains, livers, kidneys, egg yolks, fish eggs, etc. are prohibited, and fried food and fat meat are not needed. Avoid drinking alcohol, strong tea, coffee and vegetables and fruits with high crude cellulose.

diet therapy for cholecystitis

purpose of diet therapy

by controlling the amount of dietary fat and cholesterol, supplemented by high-carbon hydrate. Provide sufficient nutrition, maintain the body's heat energy needs, eliminate factors that promote the formation of gallstones and cause pain, reduce incentives and increase the body's resistance.

2. Dietary treatment measures

(1) Acute phase

Fasting should be done during the acute attack period, so that the gallbladder can get enough rest to relieve the pain. Supplemented by vein. However, drinking more water and paying attention to supplementing sodium and potassium salts in drinks can be beneficial to the treatment of diseases. After the pain is relieved, adjust the diet step by step according to the condition, and give a light liquid diet or a low-fat low-cholesterol high-carbon hydrate liquid diet, such as rice soup, lotus root starch, soybean milk and other foods. After the condition improves, you can give a low-fat semi-liquid diet or a low-fat and low-residue soft food.

chronic phase

1. heat energy: supply normal or slightly lower heat energy, about 8.37 mj (2111 kcal)/d, and obese people should limit heat energy.

2. Low fat: Foods containing more fat can promote the secretion of cholecystokinin and make the gallbladder contract. In cholecystitis, bile secretion is disturbed, and fat digestion and absorption are also affected. Fat may induce gallbladder pain. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly limit fat intake, and <: 21g, and then gradually increase to less than 41g. Animal fat should be strictly restricted, and vegetable fat can help bile excretion, so it can be selected in moderation, but it should be evenly distributed in the three-meal diet to avoid eating too much fat in the zero meal.

3. low cholesterol: most of the excess cholesterol is secreted in bile again, and the concentration of bile cholesterol increases, and the daily intake is <: 311mg is appropriate, and severe hypercholesterolemia should be controlled within 211mg. It is forbidden to eat foods with high cholesterol, such as fat meat, animal liver, kidney, brain and other internal organs, roe, crab roe, egg yolk and other foods.

4. Appropriate amount of protein: 51 ~ 71g daily. Excessive intake of protein will increase bile secretion and affect the recovery of diseased tissues; Too little intake is also not conducive to the repair of damaged biliary tract tissue. Protein, such as bean products, fish and shrimp, lean meat, egg white and other foods, should be given in an appropriate amount.

5. Carbohydrate: 311～351g per day, so as to achieve the purpose of supplementing heat energy, increasing liver glycogen and protecting liver cells. We should supply complex carbohydrate-based foods and appropriately limit the intake of monosaccharides, such as sugar and glucose; It should be restricted to those with hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease and obesity.

6. Supplying abundant vitamins: Vitamin A can prevent gallstones, help bile duct epithelium to grow and maintain integrity, help to repair diseased biliary tract, and a large amount of supplementation is beneficial to the recovery of biliary tract diseases. Other vitamins, such as vitamin C, vitamin E and B vitamins, should also be fully supplied.

7. dietary fiber: plant fiber can increase bile salt excretion, inhibit cholesterol absorption, reduce blood lipid, make cholesterol metabolism normal, and reduce the chance of gallstone formation. Dietary fiber is not only beneficial to gallbladder function, but also can stimulate intestinal peristalsis, facilitate defecation, promote the excretion of harmful substances such as indole and fecal odor produced in the intestine as soon as possible, and prevent cholecystitis. Choose foods with high dietary fiber, such as green leafy vegetables, radish, beans, fruits and coarse grains; And mushrooms, fungus and other foods that have cholesterol-lowering effects.

8. Drink plenty of water: Drink plenty of water and drinks, which can dilute bile, promote bile discharge, prevent bile stasis, and be beneficial to the recovery of biliary tract diseases, with the dosage of 1,111 ~ 1,511ml per day.

9. Eat a little and eat more: eating a little can reduce the burden on the digestive system, and eating more can stimulate bile secretion in the biliary tract, keep the biliary tract unblocked, facilitate the drainage of inflammatory substances in the biliary tract, and promote the disease to slow down and improve.

11. Dietary taboos: pungent food and strong condiments, such as pepper, curry, mustard, wine, coffee, etc. Fried and gas-producing foods, such as milk, onion, garlic sprout, radish, soybean, etc. Pay attention to hygiene to prevent intestinal parasites and bacterial infections.