Tips on kitchen waste 1. Little is known about garbage classification.
Judging from the classification methods of municipal solid waste at home and abroad, it is generally classified according to the composition and output of garbage, combined with the resource utilization and treatment methods of local garbage. For example, Germany is generally divided into paper, glass, metal, plastic, etc. Australia is generally divided into compostable garbage, recyclable garbage and non-recyclable garbage; Japan is generally divided into combustible garbage, nonflammable garbage, and so on. At present, domestic garbage in China can be roughly divided into four categories: recyclable garbage, kitchen garbage, harmful waste and other garbage. At present, the commonly used garbage disposal methods mainly include comprehensive utilization, sanitary landfill, incineration for power generation, composting and resource reuse.
Recyclable waste
It mainly includes waste paper, plastic, glass, metal, cloth and so on.
kitchen waste
Include food waste such as leftovers, bones, roots, leaves and peels.
hazardous waste
Including waste batteries, waste fluorescent tubes, waste water silver thermometers, expired drugs, etc. These wastes need special safety treatment.
other waste
Including bricks and tiles, waste residue, toilet waste paper, paper towels and other wastes that are difficult to recycle, sanitary landfill can effectively reduce the pollution of groundwater, surface water, soil and air.
2. Ask for some knowledge of garbage classification.
Recyclable waste
It mainly includes waste paper, plastic, glass, metal, cloth and so on. Waste paper: mainly includes newspapers, periodicals, books, various wrapping papers, office paper, advertising paper, cartons and so on. However, it should be noted that paper towels and toilet paper are too water soluble to be recycled. Plastics: mainly include all kinds of plastic bags, plastic packaging, disposable plastic lunch boxes and tableware, toothbrushes, cups, mineral water bottles, toothpaste skins, etc. Glass: mainly includes all kinds of glass bottles, broken glass pieces, mirrors, light bulbs, thermos bottles and so on. Metal objects: mainly including cans, cans, etc. Cloth: mainly includes discarded clothes, tablecloths, towels, schoolbags, shoes, etc. Comprehensive treatment and recycling can reduce pollution and save resources. If every 1 ton of waste paper is recycled, 850 kilograms of paper can be made, 300 kilograms of wood can be saved, and pollution is reduced by 74% compared with the same output; Every 1 ton plastic beverage bottle can recover 0.7 tons of secondary raw materials; Every recovered 1 ton of scrap steel can produce 0.9 tons of steel, which saves 47% cost compared with ore smelting, reduces air pollution by 75%, and reduces water pollution and solid waste by 97%.
kitchen waste
Including leftovers, bones, roots, leaves, peels and other food wastes, can produce 0.3 tons of organic fertilizer per ton by in-situ composting with biotechnology.
hazardous waste
Including waste batteries, waste fluorescent tubes, waste water silver thermometers, expired drugs, etc. These wastes need special safety treatment.
other waste
Brick and tile ceramics, muck, toilet waste paper, paper towels and other wastes that are difficult to recycle. According to the characteristics of garbage, it is usually treated by incineration or landfill.
3. tips on garbage disposal
Main classification
Recyclable waste
It mainly includes waste paper, plastic, glass, metal, cloth and so on. Waste paper: mainly includes newspapers, periodicals, books, various wrapping papers, office paper, advertising paper, cartons and so on. However, it should be noted that paper towels and toilet paper are too water soluble to be recycled. Plastics: mainly include all kinds of plastic bags, plastic packaging, disposable plastic lunch boxes and tableware, toothbrushes, cups, mineral water bottles, toothpaste skins, etc. Glass: mainly includes all kinds of glass bottles, broken glass pieces, mirrors, light bulbs, thermos bottles and so on. Metal objects: mainly including cans, cans, etc. Cloth: mainly includes discarded clothes, tablecloths, towels, schoolbags, shoes, etc. Comprehensive treatment and recycling can reduce pollution and save resources. If every 1 ton of waste paper is recycled, 850 kilograms of paper can be made, 300 kilograms of wood can be saved, and pollution is reduced by 74% compared with the same output; Every 1 ton plastic beverage bottle can recover 0.7 tons of secondary raw materials; Every recovered 1 ton of scrap steel can produce 0.9 tons of steel, which saves 47% cost compared with ore smelting, reduces air pollution by 75%, and reduces water pollution and solid waste by 97%.
Kitchen waste
Including leftovers, bones, roots, leaves, peels and other food wastes, can produce 0.3 tons of organic fertilizer per ton by in-situ composting with biotechnology.
hazardous waste
Including waste batteries, waste fluorescent tubes, waste water silver thermometers, expired drugs, etc. These wastes need special safety treatment.
other waste
Including bricks and tiles, waste residue, toilet waste paper, paper towels and other wastes that are difficult to recycle, sanitary landfill can effectively reduce the pollution of groundwater, surface water, soil and air.
Third, the classification reasons
abstract
Most of the garbage disposal methods still stay in the traditional stacking and landfill mode, covering tens of thousands of acres; Moreover, insects and flies fly around, sewage overflows and stinks, which seriously pollutes the environment. Therefore, classified collection of garbage can reduce the quantity and equipment of garbage disposal, reduce the disposal cost and reduce the consumption of land resources, which has social, economic and ecological benefits. The advantages of garbage sorting treatment are as follows:
Reduce land occupation
Some substances in domestic garbage are not easy to degrade, which makes the land seriously eroded. Garbage classification, removing recyclable and non-degradable substances, reducing the amount of garbage by more than 60%.
Reduce environmental pollution
Waste batteries contain toxic substances such as mercury and cadmium, which will cause serious harm to human body. Waste plastics in soil will lead to crop yield reduction; Waste plastics are eaten by animals by mistake, resulting in accidents of animal death. So recycling can reduce the harm. ?
turn waste into treasure
China uses 4 billion plastic fast food boxes, 500-700 million instant noodle bowls and billions of disposable chopsticks every year, accounting for 8- 15% of domestic garbage. 1 ton of waste plastics can recover 600kg of diesel oil. Recycling 1500 tons of waste paper can avoid cutting down trees used to produce 1200 tons of paper. A ton of cans can be melted to form a ton of good aluminum blocks, and 20 tons of aluminum ore can be mined less. 30%-40% of the production waste can be recycled, so we should cherish this small-scale and large-scale resource. You can also use cans as pencil boxes, which is environmentally friendly and saves resources.
4. What are the main kitchen waste?
Kitchen waste includes fish bones, leftovers, leftovers, vegetable leaves and so on.
Kitchen waste includes fish bones, leftovers, leftovers, vegetable leaves and so on. What are the hazards of kitchen waste? In a narrow sense, kitchen waste generally refers to raw materials and finished products (cooked food) or residues needed for family life and diet, and is divided into cooking kitchen waste including leftovers. The raw materials of kitchen waste include pericarp, eggshell, tea residue and so on.
In a broad sense, kitchen waste also includes used chopsticks and food packaging materials. Gaseous dioxins, etc. ; Landfill method is easy to cause soil and groundwater pollution.
Due to the catering characteristics of China people, the water content in kitchen waste is as high as 74%, and the content of salt (sodium chloride) in kitchen waste is high. If the kitchen waste with such high moisture content is directly mixed with other wastes, leachate will be formed under the action of high pressure and microorganisms.
Leachate is not easy to degrade and contains highly toxic carcinogens, which is one of the stubborn diseases in garbage disposal. Once the leachate leaks out, it will cause secondary pollution of garbage. After the garbage enters the landfill, methane may be released, which is easy to cause explosion.