The Forbidden City in Beijing, also known as the Forbidden City, is located in the center of Beijing. Today, people call it the Forbidden City, which means the imperial palace in the past. An unparalleled masterpiece of ancient architecture, the largest and most complete ancient architectural complex in the world. Known as the first palace in the world, the Forbidden City was built in 1406 and basically completed in 1420. It was built by the Ming emperor Judy. It is 96 1 meter long from north to south and 753 meters wide from east to west, covering an area of about 723,600 square meters. The construction area is 6.5438+0.55 million square meters. According to legend, there are 9999 and a half rooms in the Forbidden City. Miyagi is surrounded by a palace wall with a height of 12 m and a length of 3,400 m. It is a rectangular city surrounded by a moat with a width of 52 m, forming a fortified castle. 300,000 migrant workers, * * * built 14 years. After the completion of the Forbidden City, it experienced two dynasties: Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty. About 500 years after the abdication of 1, 9 1, it experienced 24 emperors in Ming and Qing Dynasties. 1988 The Forbidden City is listed as a "World Cultural Heritage" by UNESCO. It was transformed into the Palace Museum. The Forbidden City is the crystallization of the wisdom and sweat of working people hundreds of years ago. The design and architecture of the Forbidden City are really unparalleled masterpieces. Its plane layout, three-dimensional effect, majestic, magnificent, harmonious form, magnificent architectural momentum and luxurious style are the essence of ancient Chinese architectural art. It marks the long cultural tradition of China and shows the outstanding achievements of craftsmen in architecture more than 500 years ago. It is an unparalleled masterpiece of ancient architecture and the largest and most complete ancient wooden structure complex in the world. The most spectacular building in the Forbidden City, the Hall of Supreme Harmony (called Fengtian Hall and Imperial Palace in the Ming Dynasty), is commonly known as the "Golden Throne Hall". The Hall of Supreme Harmony is 35.05 meters high, 63 meters from east to west and 35 meters from north to south, covering an area of more than 2,380 square meters. The ratio of length to width is 9: 5, which means the Ninth Five-Year Plan. The area is the largest among the main halls of the Forbidden City, and the shape is also the highest and most magnificent building. The whole hall is resplendent and magnificent. The Hall of Supreme Harmony is the place where the emperor held important ceremonies. That is, the emperor ascended the throne, birthdays, weddings, New Year's Day and so on are celebrated here. The Forbidden City, one is to appreciate the rich and colorful architectural art; The second is to watch the precious cultural relics displayed indoors. The Palace Museum has a large collection of precious cultural relics. According to statistics, there are as many as *** 1052653 pieces, totaling1000000 pieces, accounting for16 of the total number of cultural relics in China. The Forbidden City is the world of dragons, and their shapes are varied and lifelike. It is the museum with the richest collection of cultural relics in China. The Forbidden City is a world cultural heritage. In this sense, it belongs to the world. It is a representative of oriental palace architecture and a model of palace architecture in the world.
Chengde mountain resort, founded in 1703, took 89 years to build after the emperors Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong in Qing Dynasty. It is the place where the Qing emperors spent the summer and handled government affairs, and it is a famous ancient palace in China. 1994 65438+In February, the Summer Resort and its surrounding temples (formerly known as Jehol Palace) were included in the World Cultural Heritage List. 200 kilometers from Beijing. It consists of a palace, a royal garden and a magnificent temple. Chengde mountain resort, the Summer Palace of Qing Dynasty, is located in Hebei Province and was built from 1703 to 1792. It is a huge building complex, consisting of many palaces and other buildings that handle government affairs and hold ceremonies. Temples and imperial houses with different architectural styles are skillfully integrated with the surrounding lakes, pastures and forests. The summer resort not only has high aesthetic research value, but also retains rare historical sites in the late feudal society of China. There are eleven existing temples, including Putuo Zongcheng Temple, Xumishan Fushou Temple, Pule Temple, Puning Temple, Anyuan Temple, Puren Temple and Shuxiang Temple. These temples are magnificent. Outside the summer resort, there are magnificent temples and temples around the villa, such as the stars holding the moon and surrounding the villa, which symbolizes national unity and centralization. China has the largest existing group of ancient emperors, including Fan and Royal Temples. It combines the characteristics of the water town in the south of the Yangtze River and the grassland in the north, and becomes a model of the royal garden art in China. In addition, the application of the highest skills in ancient China, such as architectural decoration and Buddhist statues, constitutes a great spectacle in the history of ancient architecture in China. The architectural style of the temples around the summer resort combines Chinese and Tibetan culture and art. In the temples, nearly 10,000 exquisite Buddha statues and utensils are well preserved and enshrined, isomorphic with * * *, and become masterpieces of ancient architecture in China in the18th century. Chengde mountain resort is located in the transition zone between the Inner Mongolia Plateau and the North China Plain, and belongs to the temperate continental monsoon mountain climate with four distinct seasons. Although it is cold in winter, because it is surrounded by mountains, it blocks the invasion of the cold current in the Mongolian Plateau, so the temperature is higher than other areas in the same latitude. Summer is cool, rainfall is concentrated, and there is basically no high temperature period. It is a tourist summer resort. Its biggest feature is that there are gardens in the mountains and mountains in the gardens. The Summer Resort, together with the Summer Palace in Beijing, Humble Administrator's Garden in Suzhou and Lingering Garden in Suzhou, are called the four famous gardens in China.
Huangshan, Anhui Province, is located in Huangshan City, southern Anhui Province. As one of the three mountains in the Five Mountains, it has the reputation of "the first wonder mountain in the world". One of the top ten most beautiful and shocking mountains in China. Huangshan Mountain is a famous summer resort. 1990 was listed in the World Cultural and Natural Heritage List by UNESCO in February, which was the first time that China was listed in both cultural and natural heritage. Ecological protection is intact and there are many animals and plants. Huangshan Mountain 72 is majestic, beautiful and strewn at random, with Tiandu Peak, Lotus Peak and Guangmingding (all above 1800 meters above sea level) as the center, and the other two lakes, three waterfalls, sixteen springs and twenty-four streams set each other off. The scenery is different in spring, summer, autumn and winter. There are nearly 1500 species of plants and more than 500 species of animals. The beauty of Huangshan Mountain is an artistic beauty that can't be expressed in words, and it has a humanistic beauty that makes people have too many associations. Whether it is the masculine beauty of iron bones in the bright sun, the enchanting beauty looming under the clouds, the romantic beauty of flowers blooming all over the mountains in March in spring, or even the holy beauty of snow-capped winter. This is a place where green plants gather, with a forest coverage rate of 56% and a vegetation coverage rate of 83%. It is an important timber producing area and a famous tea producing area in East China. Huangshan Mountain has been famous since ancient times. The scenic spots named after Taoism in the mountains include Zhusha Peak, Alchemy Peak, Tiandu Peak, Xuanyuan Peak, Ren Xianfeng, Single Crystal, Sword Trial Stone, Pu Tuansong, Ren Xian Shoe-drying Stone, Fairy Embroidery Stone, Wangxiantai, Alchemy Platform and Shenxian Cave. Ciguang Pavilion under Zhusha Peak in the south of the mountain and Songgu Temple under Diefeng in the north of the mountain are Taoist temples. Pinus taiwanensis is a variety of Pinus taiwanensis formed by the unique topography and climate of Huangshan Mountain. Trees are often hundreds of years old, even hundreds of years; Roots are often several times or dozens of times longer than trunks. Because of its deep roots, Pinus taiwanensis can stand firmly on the rocks, but it is still young after wind and frost. Huang Shanyun has been an ocean since ancient times. Huangshan is a sea of clouds, with peaks as the body and clouds as the clothes. Its magnificent "sea of clouds" is famous for its beauty, victory, strangeness and illusion. One of the "four wonders" of Huangshan Mountain is called "Lingquan".
Hangzhou West Lake, located in the west of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, in the center of Hangzhou, was originally named Wulin Water, Qiantang Lake and Xizi Lake, and was called West Lake only in the Song Dynasty. It is famous at home and abroad for its beautiful lakes and mountains and numerous scenic spots. It is a famous tourist attraction in China, also known as paradise on earth. With West Lake as the center, the scenic spot is divided into five areas: lakeside area, central area, Beishan area, Nanshan area and Qiantang area, with a total area of 49 square kilometers. The beauty of the West Lake lies in the clear water and empty mountains on rainy days. Whether it is rain or snow, whether it is sunny or cloudy, whether it is early morning or evening, it can change into a scene; Spring flowers and autumn moon, summer lotus and winter snow, each have its own beauty. The Lake District is famous for its beautiful scenery in Su Causeway and Bai Causeway. Since ancient times, there has been a saying that "there are 36 West Lakes in the world, and Hangzhou is the most beautiful". The West Lake is not only famous for its beautiful mountains and rivers, but also rich in cultural relics and beautiful myths and legends, which skillfully combines nature, humanities, history and art. It has a history of two thousand years since its formation. The beauty of the West Lake lies in its lakes and mountains. Mountains surround the beautiful West Lake: Longjing Mountain, Li 'an Mountain, Nanfeng Mountain, Yanxialing Mountain, Daci Mountain, Shilin Mountain, Nanping Mountain, Phoenix Mountain and Wu Shan in the southwest, collectively referred to as Nanshan; There are Lingyin Mountain, Beifeng Mountain Mountain, Xiangu Mountain, Qixialing Mountain and Baoshi Mountain in the north, collectively referred to as Beishan; They hold the West Lake, the pearl of the south of the Yangtze River, like the stars of the moon. "You can't throw it to Hangzhou, but half of it is this lake"-West Lake is a poem, a natural picture scroll and a beautiful and moving story. Ten Scenes of West Lake: Formed in the Southern Song Dynasty, they are basically distributed around the West Lake, and some of them are located on the lake: Su Causeway Xiao Chun, Quyuan Fenghe, Pinghu Qiuyue, Broken Bridge Canxue, Liulang Wenying, Huagang Fish Watching, Leifeng Sunset and Shuangxiang. There are many famous grotto statues, inscriptions and ancient buildings around the West Lake, which have become precious artistic treasures in China. "There is heaven above and Suzhou and Hangzhou below". Hangzhou is famous for its beautiful West Lake. Over the past century, I don't know how many Chinese and foreign people have been intoxicated by the beautiful and warm scenery of the West Lake, resulting in infinite attachment.
Guilin landscape, located on the west bank of Lijiang River, is named for its rich osmanthus and osmanthus trees. Typical karst terrain constitutes a unique Guilin landscape, which is the general name of Guilin tourism resources. Guilin landscape refers to a wide range of projects. Guilin's landscape has always been regarded as the "four wonders" of Guilin, with green hills, beautiful waters, strange caves and beautiful stones, and has been known as "Guilin's landscape is the best in the world" since ancient times. Now it has formed a scenic spot with Guilin as the center and surrounding 12 counties. There are vast and verdant virgin forests, majestic and steep peaks and canyons, rushing streams and waterfalls, and amazing mountain terraces in the world ... In this magical land, there are more than ten ethnic minorities such as Zhuang, Yao, Miao, Dong, Mulao and Maonan. Great Guilin's natural scenery, ethnic customs, history and culture deeply attract Chinese and foreign tourists and heads of state to come in droves and linger. There are scenic spots everywhere in Guilin, among which the Lijiang River landscape is a model, which makes Guilin's mountains beautiful to the extreme, allowing tourists to truly appreciate the magic and beauty of Guilin's mountains and waters. Lijiang Scenic Area is the largest and most beautiful karst landscape tourist area in the world. For thousands of years, it has fascinated many scholars. One river (Lijiang River), two caves (reed flute cave, Qixingyan) and three mountains (Duxiufeng, Fu Bo and Diecai Mountain) are the most representative, which are basically the essence of Guilin's landscape. Guilin is an ancient cultural city. It has a history of more than 2,000 years and a rich cultural heritage. For thousands of years, Guilin has been a treasure place for people to travel and see. In 2009, Lijiang scenic spot in Guilin, China was selected as the largest karst scenic spot in the world in world record association with 83 kilometers of karst water features. China has become the best tourist destination in the world. If the mountains in the north are bold and heavy, then the mountains in Guilin are charming and beautiful. Jade Girl Mountain is graceful and graceful, combing clouds skillfully; Wang Fu Cliff is staring into the distance, waiting affectionately; The eager students, the carp jumping off the dragon gate, the hovering snail and the camel in the oasis all have different shapes and changes, which make tourists dizzying. The water in Guilin is clear, transparent and green. Looking down, the river is rippling, the jade pagoda is slightly blue, and the water is crystal clear. In addition, the bamboo forests on both sides of the strait are graceful and the mountains and rivers set each other off. How to look at it is a long landscape painting, which reveals the spirit of agility in modesty. It is really "sailing on the blue waves, and people travel in the picture world".
Xi Terracotta Warriors and Horses, located 30 kilometers east of Xi City in Lintong, Shaanxi, China, have chariots, infantry and cavalry in various postures. The overall style is vigorous, bodybuilding and washing. It is the largest underground military museum in the world. The layout in the pit is reasonable, the structure is strange, and the size of the chariot is the same as that of the practical vehicle. People, carriages and army formations are all artistic expressions through realistic techniques. Only this kind of static military array can make people feel that the depth of its great deterrent force is unpredictable. Such a magnificent formation and composition have never been seen before. Reproduce the majestic momentum of Qin Jun's "attacking millions" to swallow mountains and rivers 2000 years ago, and the excavation of bronze chariots and horses makes the world find everything new and fresh. The complexity of its craft, exquisite workmanship and outstanding skills are amazing. Taking the casting of canopy and umbrella cover as an example, not only the area is large, but also the thickness is different. The thick part is 0.4 cm, and the thin part is only 0. 1 cm. In addition, both the canopy and the umbrella cover have a certain radian, so that the difficult canopy and umbrella cover can be successfully cast at one time, not to mention the Qin Dynasty 200 years ago, even today with advanced technology and complete equipment. The casting of bronze horse figurines also left our contemporary engineers behind. The Terracotta Warriors and Horses embody the wisdom of the ancient people in China, and the wisdom of the ancient people in China should not be underestimated. Terracotta Warriors and Horses are a miracle all over the world, which makes foreigners envy and China people proud! The Terracotta Warriors Museum is the largest ancient military museum in China. From 65438 to 0987, the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor and the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit were approved by UNESCO to be included in the World Heritage List, and they were called "eight wonders of the world", which amazed people all over the world and made people in China proud! Undoubtedly, if 1974 had not been discovered, thousands of pottery figurines on this archaeological site might still be sleeping underground. Qin Shihuang, the first emperor to unify China, died in 2 10 BC and was buried in the center of the mausoleum. Around his mausoleum are those famous terracotta warriors and horses. The complex structure of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum was designed and built according to the model of Xianyang, its former capital. Those terracotta warriors and horses, chariots and weapons, which are slightly smaller than human figures, have become the perfect masterpieces of realism, while retaining high historical value.
Suzhou Garden refers to the garden buildings in Suzhou, China, mainly private gardens. They began in the Spring and Autumn Period in Gusu (5 14 BC), the capital of Wu State, formed in the Five Dynasties, matured in the Song Dynasty, flourished in the Ming Dynasty and flourished in the Qing Dynasty. By the end of Qing Dynasty, there were more than 170 gardens of various colors in Suzhou. Now there are more than 60 well-preserved gardens and 19 open gardens. It covers a small area, but it is good at artistic conception. With unique artistic techniques, it decorates and arranges in a limited space, changing the scenery and making endless changes. From 65438 to 0997, Suzhou classical gardens, as the representative of China gardens, were listed in the World Heritage List. Suzhou is a famous historical and cultural city in China, with the reputation of "paradise on earth and city of gardens". It has always been famous for its beautiful scenery and elegant gardens. As a world famous historical and cultural city, Suzhou has accumulated the charm of Wu culture for more than 2500 years. Suzhou Garden was rated as one of the top ten scenic spots in China. Suzhou has been the economic and cultural center of Jiangnan since ancient times, with complete urban pattern, beautiful scenery and unique natural landscape. This is a famous tourist attraction. Suzhou gardens, which are world-renowned, adopt the method of shrinking the landscape, giving people the artistic effect of seeing the big from the small, and winning the reputation of "garden city" for Suzhou. In 5 14 BC, He Lv, the king of Wu, established his capital here, and its scale and status have not changed so far, which is rare in the world. There are more than 200 gardens in Suzhou, and now dozens of them are well preserved, making Suzhou known as "paradise on earth". Humble Administrator's Garden, Lingering Garden, Master's Garden and Huanxiu Mountain Villa, as the typical classical gardens in Suzhou, have become the models and representatives of many classical gardens in Suzhou because of their profound artistic conception, exquisite construction, elegant art and rich cultural connotation. Suzhou is famous for its gardens, which makes people lament the exquisite gardening. Classical gardens represented by Humble Administrator's Garden, Lingering Garden, Netlion Garden and Huanxiu Mountain Villa were listed in the World Cultural and Natural Heritage List on199765438+February. National parks are the art of time and history. A large number of plaques, couplets, paintings, sculptures, stone tablets, furniture, ornaments and so on. The garden is full of exquisite works of art that decorate the garden, and all of them contain China's ancient philosophy, cultural awareness and aesthetic taste. An important feature of Suzhou classical garden is that it is not only the product of history and culture, but also the carrier of China traditional thought and culture.
The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, located on the main stream of the Yangtze River in Chongqing, China and Hubei, starts from Baidicheng, fengjie county, Chongqing in the north and reaches Nanjinguan, Yichang, Hubei in the south, with a total length of 192km, and consists of Qutang Gorge, Wuxia Gorge and Xiling Gorge. The mountains on both sides of the Three Gorges are opposite, with steep cliffs and peaks generally higher than the river 1000- 1500m. The narrowest part is less than 100 meter. The formation of the Three Gorges is due to the rising of the crust in this area, the intense cutting of the Yangtze River water and the extremely rich hydraulic resources. China 10 is one of the scenic spots, ranking first among the top 40 best tourist attractions in China. The Three Gorges straddles two provinces. There are mountains and steep cliffs on both sides of the river, and the scenery is amazing. The steep and continuous peaks on both banks are generally about 700-800 meters higher than the river. The narrowest part of the river is about 100 m; With the construction of the huge Three Gorges Project, it has become a world-famous tourist hotline. The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River has unlimited scenery. The magnificence of Qutang Gorge, the beauty of Wuxia Gorge, the precipitousness of Xiling Gorge, and the magic and simplicity of Daning River, Xiangxi River and Shennong River in the Three Gorges make this world-famous landscape corridor full of weather-here, the peaks are stacked, the cliffs are facing each other, and the smoke cages are locked; The river here is surging, stormy and never looking back; The strange rocks here are majestic and resemble people. The caves here are grotesque, empty, deep and mysterious ... One mountain and one water, one scene and one thing in the Three Gorges are all picturesque, accompanied by many beautiful myths and touching legends, which make people fascinated. The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River is an outstanding place. It is the most magnificent landscape gallery on the Yangtze River. There are many famous places of interest here, such as Baidicheng, Huangling Temple and Nanjinguan, which complement the landscape here and are world-famous. In addition, there are the "Little Three Gorges" in Daning River and the "Little Three Gorges" in Madu River. Here, there are peaks on both sides of the strait, the harbor is narrow and tortuous, and the beaches and reefs in the harbor are dotted with turbulent water. "There is water in the mountains, and there is water around the mountains. Sometimes, the coast and gables stand like axes, and they seem to want to help each other. Sometimes, dangerous cliffs stand in the water and are blocked by the current in the harbor. " Comrade Guo Moruo vividly described the magnificent scenery in the canyon area in his poem "Strange Road in Shu".
Sun Moon Lake is the largest natural lake in Taiwan Province Province, also known as Longhu Lake or Tianchi Lake, and it is also a famous landscape. Located in Shuishe Village, Yuchi Township, central Nantou County. There is a small island in the pool called Lalu Island (formerly known as Zhuyu Island and Guanghua Island). Taking this island as the boundary, the northern part of the pool looks like sun gear, and the southern part looks like a moon hook, hence the name Sun Moon Lake. The water in the pool is blue and boundless, and the reflection of green hills is surrounded by mountains. This situation is natural. Besides boating around the lake, there are many scenic spots around the lake, such as Xuanzang Temple, Wu Wen Temple, Dehua Society, Mountain Culture Village and Peacock Garden. In 2009, Sun Moon Lake was selected as the largest natural freshwater lake in Taiwan Province Province, China, and world record association, China. Sun Moon Lake is the "Tianchi Lake" in Taiwan Province Province. Its land is surrounded by mountains and the lake is clear and blue. There are natural islands emerging in the lake, which are as round as pearls, forming a beautiful landscape of "green mountains and clear waters, green pearls in Tan Ming". Over the past 300 years, Sun Moon Lake has become the crown of all the treasures on the island and is famous all over the world because of this wonderful scenery of "among thousands of mountains, lakes suddenly appear". Sun Moon Lake was formed by accumulated water in Yushan and Alishan fault basins. The circumference of the lake is 35 kilometers, the average water depth is 30 meters, and the water area is more than 900 hectares, which is about one-third larger than the West Lake in Hangzhou. Sun Moon Lake, a famous scenic spot in Taiwan Province Province, is the only natural lake in Taiwan Province Province, and its natural charm is comparable to that of Hangzhou West Lake. The northern half lake is shaped like a sun, and the southern half lake is shaped like a crescent moon, hence the name Sun Moon Lake. The beauty of Sun Moon Lake is that it is surrounded by mountains, with green peaks and clear waters. Throughout the year, the scenery is different in the morning and evening. Sun Moon Lake is picturesque, with spring, summer, autumn and winter, sunny and rainy in the morning and unlimited scenery. Sun Moon Lake is beautiful because it is surrounded by mountains covered with green trees. The lake is quiet and blue, like a mirror, reflecting the surrounding mountains. In addition, all the year round, in the morning and evening, the scenery reflected in the lake is different and changeable, just like the legendary fairyland.