Yulin City is located in the northernmost part of Shaanxi Province, bordering Huan County of Gansu Province and Yanchi County of Ningxia in the west, Zhungeer, Yijinhuoluo, Wushen and Otok of Inner Mongolia in the north, Hequ, Baode, Xingxian, Linxian, Liulin and Shilou of Shanxi Province across the Yellow River in the east, and Wuqi, Zhidan, Zichang and Yanchuan of Yan 'an City of Shaanxi Province in the south. Geographical coordinates: 36 57 ′ ~ 39 35 ′ n,107 28 ′ ~11kloc-0/5 ′ e The administrative division of Yulin City is triangular. The easternmost part of Yulin is Duanzhai Village, Huangfu Township, Fugu County, the northernmost part is Liujiapo Village, Gucheng Township, Fugu County, the westernmost part is Liumaoyuan Township, Dingbian County, and the southernmost part is Tiejiao Town, Baimayao Township, Dingbian County. The maximum length from east to west is 309 kilometers, and the maximum width from north to south is 295 kilometers, with a total area of 43,578 square kilometers, accounting for about 2 1% of Shaanxi Province, ranking first among 10 prefecture-level cities in Shaanxi Province. Yulin City is one of the areas with high sunshine value in China. The sunshine duration is the longest in Shaanxi province, with an average annual sunshine duration of 2593.5 ~ 29 14.4 hours, the highest in the northeast is 2898.7 ~ 29 14.2 hours/year, followed by 2739.9 ~ 2803.0 hours/year in the west and 2765438 in the southeast. There is more sunshine in May-August in a year, and less sunshine in 12- February of the following year. The average sunshine percentage is 59 ~ 66%, and there is little difference in Yulin. It is the largest in winter (12 ~ 65438+ the following year 10 month), and gradually decreases from spring to summer to the minimum in late summer and early autumn (July-September), and increases rapidly from Mid-Autumn Festival to winter.
The temperature in the four seasons is obvious, the temperature in spring is higher than that in autumn, the temperature in spring is fast and unstable, and the temperature in autumn is fast. Winter is controlled by the cold air mass in the north, with high air pressure, clear weather and high clouds. In winter, the average temperature is -7.8 ~ 4. 1℃, and the temperature change gradient is large, and the gradient direction is from southeast to northwest. 65438+1frozen from the end of October to the beginning of April of the following year. In general, the depth of frozen soil is 1 ~ 1.2m, and the temperature rises obviously after spring, with an average daily temperature increase of about 0.2℃. However, due to the continuous southward invasion of Siberian polar dry and cold air mass, the temperature in spring is very unstable, and sudden snowfall may occur in some areas in mid-May. In summer, affected by continental air mass and subtropical high, the temperature is high and the weather is hot. The average monthly temperature is above 20℃, and the average number of days with the highest daily temperature ≥30℃ is 22 ~ 68 days. The temperature gradient is small, and the gradient direction is from near east to west; In autumn, under the attack and stable control of polar air mass, the temperature drops rapidly, especially in June10 ~165438+10, with an average daily temperature drop of 0.27℃. After the founding of New China, Yulin's economy has developed greatly. However, due to the late discovery of underground resources, large-scale national industrial projects have not been laid out in Yulin, and Yulin is still a backward area in national economic development. Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, with the reform and opening up, especially with the development of Shenfu coalfield and the exploration of Jingbian natural gas field, Yulin's economy has changed from a single agricultural economic model to a comprehensive economic model, in which coal, chemical industry, electric power, textile, machinery, food processing and other industries have developed rapidly. Since 1988, an economic development system with local characteristics has been initially formed. By 1992, the gross national product of Yulin reached 216.8 billion yuan, an increase of 218% over 1980; The national income was 65.438+75.7 million yuan, an increase of 654.38+0.77%; The total industrial and agricultural output value reached 24 1. 1 100 million yuan, an increase of1.50%; Fiscal revenue 1.5 1 100 million yuan, an increase of five times; The per capita net income of farmers was 47 1 yuan, increasing by 10 times.
In 20 14, the annual GDP exceeded 300 billion, reaching 300.574 billion yuan, an increase of 9.0% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry14.504 billion yuan, an increase of 5.5%; The added value of the secondary industry was 20565438+94 million yuan, an increase of 9.8%; The added value of tertiary industry was 80.876 billion yuan, up by 7.2%. The added value of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries accounted for 4.8%, 68.3% and 26.9% of GDP respectively. According to the resident population, the per capita GDP is 89,005 yuan, about14,546 US dollars. In terms of districts and counties, Shenmu County, Yuyang District and Fugu County lead in GDP, while wubu county has the lowest GDP. In terms of per capita GDP, Shenmu County ranked first with a per capita GDP of 32,737.03 USD, while Fugu County and Jingbian County ranked second and third, with per capita GDP of 269,265,438 USD +0.55 USD and 65,438 USD+05,527.68 USD respectively. As of 20 13, the per capita GDP of half counties in Yulin City is still lower than the national average. Yulin area was a nomadic area during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and its agriculture was underdeveloped. During the Qin and Han dynasties, the policy of stationing wasteland to defend the border and resettling the border was adopted in this area, so it became an area with interlaced development of agriculture and animal husbandry.
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, wars were frequent, and agriculture in northern Shaanxi was relegated to a secondary position because of the southward migration of the Han nationality. After the Western Jin Dynasty, after the Five Lakes and Sixteen Countries, and after the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Yulin was still a nomadic place for northern ethnic minorities. In the Tang Dynasty, agricultural reclamation was rewarded and Yulin agriculture was developed. During the Northern Song Dynasty, Yan 'an, Suide, Shenmu and other places mobilized troops to recruit talents, intensively cultivated and cultivated, and agricultural production continued to develop. However, during the Tang and Song Dynasties, Yulin was still the land of farming, animal husbandry, agriculture and Mu Zhi, and there were certain forest resources. Although the population has increased, soil erosion is not serious, farming is not excessive, and the ecological balance is generally maintained.
After the establishment of the Ming dynasty, in order to solve some military supplies, the Ming government gradually expanded the scale of reclamation. By the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, six northern counties in Yulin area had reclaimed 3.45 million mu of cultivated land, accounting for more than half of the total cultivated land in the six northern counties. The area of military reclamation in Yan and Sui areas reached more than 6.5438+0.0000 mu. Agriculture has become the main component of social and economic composition, and the ecological balance has been destroyed to some extent.
In the Qing dynasty, the Yulin area also implemented the immigration policy, allowing farmers to reclaim land inside and outside the Great Wall. With the increase of long-term immigrants and military camps, agricultural technology in the mainland has also been introduced; During the period of the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, the bad habit of increasing yield by land reclamation and planting widely and harvesting sparingly still existed, vegetation continued to be destroyed and soil erosion became more serious. Over-cultivation since the Tang and Song Dynasties, especially since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, has formed a vicious circle of more cultivation and poorer. This situation continued until the eve of the founding of New China.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, agricultural production has developed to some extent, but due to the rapid development of the cooperative movement, many farmers can't adapt to the rapid changes in the situation, and the actual benefits of increasing agricultural production are not high. Especially in the commune movement from 65438 to 0958, due to the "Left" influence, agricultural production was destroyed, coupled with years of natural disasters, the level of agricultural production stagnated, and the rural poverty situation did not fundamentally change. Since 1978, the party and government have formulated a series of policies to revitalize the rural economy, reformed the rural economic system, and established various types of contract responsibility systems. From 1980 to 1988, there are many science and technology households, specialized households and specialized villages (key villages) in Yulin County. Agricultural production began to change from grain-based cultivation to diversified industrial structure, from closed self-sufficient production to open commodity production, and most farmers in the whole region basically solved the problem of food and clothing. 1989, the summer drought and autumn drought in Yulin lasted for more than 80 days, and the total grain output still reached 544 million kilograms, which was still 26.7% higher than that in 1987.
In 20 12, the added value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in Yulin reached1258.8 billion yuan, an increase of 5.9% over the previous year. The total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was 20.972 billion yuan, an increase of 5.8%. Among the total output value, the output value of planting industry was 65.438+0.0948 billion yuan, an increase of 7.0%; The output value of animal husbandry was 8.56 billion yuan, an increase of 4.1%; The output value of forestry was 594 million yuan, up by13.2%; The fishery output value was 84 million yuan, an increase of 3.5%; The output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery services was 786 million yuan, an increase of 6.9%.
At the end of 20 12, the total cultivated land resources in the city were 1439550 mu, and the area of ordinary cultivated land was 8709400 mu. Before the founding of New China, Yulin's industrial base was very weak. Except for a few small factories run by the 22nd Army of the Kuomintang, the rest are private small-scale industrial workshops with backward production technology and poor quality. From 65438 to 0949, there were 62 industrial enterprises with a total output value of 3.239 million yuan. The main products are only six kinds of raw coal, salt, ceramics, carpets, edible oil and soda ash.
After the founding of New China, after recovery and development in the 1950s, adjustment in the 1960s, key development in the 1970s and comprehensive reform in the 1980s, more than 30 industry categories, including textiles, leather, cigarettes, food and chemicals, were formed, with more than 0/000 products. 1990, there were 7 enterprises14, with 42,835 employees, the original value of fixed assets was 544.48 million yuan, and the total industrial output value was 692.04 million yuan (enterprises above the township level), which was 2 12.6 times of the total industrial output value 1949, with profits and taxes of 4744. The quality of products has been continuously improved. Seven kinds of products were rated as high-quality products in the Ministry, and 37 kinds of products were rated as high-quality products in Shaanxi Province.
In 20 12 years, the total industrial output value of Yulin was 31268.8 billion yuan, an increase of17.5% over the previous year; Industrial added value 199 1.4 1 100 million yuan, with an increase of 13.6%. Among them, there are 62 industrial enterprises above designated size in the city, with a total output value of 29991700 million yuan, an increase of17.9%; The added value 1952438+0 billion yuan, an increase of 13.8%. Gross industrial output value below scale 127.7 1 100 million yuan, an increase of 9.3%; The added value was 3.94 billion yuan, an increase of 9.3%. The output value of heavy industries above designated size was 295.937 billion yuan, an increase of 65.438+07.7%, accounting for 98.7% of the total output value of industries above designated size; The output value of light industry was 3.98 billion yuan, up by 36.7%, accounting for 65.438+0.3% of the total industrial output value above designated size. Yulin's commercial activities started earlier. In Yao's time, people traded by the well. During the Warring States Period, there were trading places in Yulin-there were all kinds of "shops" in the city. In the Qin Dynasty, Yulin's skin care became the key to the connection between Xianyang, Qin Dou and Northwest China. In the ninth year of Jin Dynasty (4 13), Helian Bobo recruited 65438+ ten thousand people from all ethnic groups in the north of Lingbei to build Tongwan City in Baichengzi, Jingbian County. In the following period, Tongwancheng became a city with concentrated wealth and prosperous business.
In the third year of Song Chunhua (992), the Tangut Tuoba Department, which occupied the northwest of Yulin and competed with the Song Dynasty, was short of materials. Li, the leader, asked the Song Dynasty to lift the ban on the northern Shaanxi border and set up a market, which was allowed by the Song Dynasty. The Tangut people took "producing horses, cattle, camels and sheep" as their business, while the Song Dynasty took "gold, silver and silk goods as the goods needed, each in its proper place". The following year, the Song Dynasty lifted the ban on the entry of the blue and white salt produced by the Tangut, allowing the Tangut to exchange the blue and white salt for food at the border of the Song Dynasty. In the first year of Song Xianggong (1008), Li Deming, the leader of the Tangut Tuoba Department, requested the Song Dynasty to set up "Quechang" in northern Shaanxi and other places. With the permission of the Song Dynasty, Quechang was successively set up in Suijinyi Village, Jiaxian County, Tongqin Village and Shenmu in Yulin City.
After the founding of New China, Xixia not only traded with each other on the border, but also often sent envoys to the inland of Song Dynasty for trade. When things went well, "Xia sent messengers to the border to watch horses, and the border people competed for the market, which was of low value and the messengers brought more horses." Even during the war between Xixia and Song Dynasty, the trade between border people never stopped.
From the Yuan Dynasty to the Republic of China, Yulin City has always been an important channel for economic and trade exchanges between northwest Mongolia and other ethnic minorities and the Han nationality. In the Ming Dynasty, along the Great Wall of Yulin, Hongshan City, Shenmu City, Fugu Huangfuchuan and other cities were successively established. From the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, the Mongolian-Chinese trade in Yulin was very active. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, the Kuomintang imposed an economic blockade on the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, and set up material "control" stations and checkpoints in Zhenchuan, Yu He, Shenmu, Anbian and other places in Yulin to prohibit materials from entering and leaving the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region. However, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the people in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region developed their own economy and formulated preferential policies, which made the business in the border region increasingly prosperous.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, due to the "dead" control of the market by the state, the circulation of commodities in Yulin was not smooth and the development of commodity economy was slow. After 1980, the state gradually opened the market and decentralized some commodity management rights, and Yulin's commodity economy gradually developed, the market became increasingly active, commodity circulation channels increased, and commerce became increasingly prosperous.
In 20 12, the total retail sales of social consumer goods in Yulin was 27.022 billion yuan, up by 16.3% over the previous year, of which the meal income was 3.030 billion yuan, up by1%,and the retail sales of commodities was 23.99 billion yuan, up by1%. The wholesale industry achieved sales of 65.438+02.439 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 654.38+00.9%; Retail sales reached 26.03 billion yuan, up 365.438+0.1%; The hotel industry achieved a turnover of 654.38+36 million yuan, an increase of 27.6%; The catering industry achieved a turnover of 3.59 billion yuan, an increase of 22.9%. Consumer price index rose by 3.3%, retail price index of commodities rose by 2.3%, and price index of agricultural means of production rose by 2.5%. Yulin High-tech Industrial Park (referred to as "Yulin High-tech Zone", formerly known as "Yulin Economic Development Zone"). 20 1 1, the Shaanxi provincial government approved the renaming of Yulin Economic Development Zone as Yulin High-tech Industrial Park. The renamed Yulin High-tech Industrial Park enjoys the relevant policies of provincial high-tech zones, and the industrial orientation of the park is to focus on developing new energy, new processing and manufacturing, new materials, biomedicine, modern services and environmental protection industries; Yulin High-tech Industrial Park Management Committee will be established, and Yulin High-tech Industrial Development Zone is of great significance for cultivating a number of growth poles, leading regional development from point to area, and promoting the transformation of economic development mode. In 20 12, the State Council approved Yulin High-tech Zone to be upgraded to National High-tech Industrial Development Zone, which is the fifth national high-tech zone approved by Shaanxi Province.
Yulin National Energy and Chemical Industry Base is a part of Northern Shaanxi Energy and Chemical Industry Base, the only national energy and chemical industry base in China. In the 1980s, China launched a large-scale exploration in Yulin, and 48 kinds of minerals in 8 categories have been discovered in Yulin, with a potential value of over 46 trillion yuan. In particular, a place is rich in coal, gas, oil and salt resources, which are rare at home and abroad and have great development potential. From June 65438 to July 0998, the master plan of Yulin Energy and Chemical Industry Base was approved by the former State Planning Commission, and the construction of energy and chemical industry base in northern Shaanxi was officially started. In order to develop the abundant energy and chemical resources in northern Shaanxi, the State Planning Commission officially approved the construction of an energy and chemical base in northern Shaanxi in Yulin in March 2003. This is the only national energy and chemical base in China, covering Yulin and Yan 'an with an area of 80,000 square kilometers.