1. As the driving force of world economic development, alternative energy is mainly manifested in its contribution to the sustainability of the world economy. With the development of economy, people use more and more energy, and frequent oil crises force people to seek alternative energy to solve the possible energy shortage. China is a big country with a shortage of coal resources and oil. Under the background of high international crude oil price, it is imperative to implement energy substitution strategy. China has objective and subjective advantages in energy substitution. Objectively, it is mainly manifested in the total resources and the types of alternative energy sources in China. 1. China's wind energy reserves are 3.2 billion kilowatts, and the exploitable wind energy is about 654.38+0 billion kilowatts, and the exploitable installed capacity is about 253 million kilowatts, ranking first in the world. At present, the installed capacity of wind power generation in China has reached 760,000 kilowatts. Second, the solar radiation energy received by China land every year is equivalent to 2.4 trillion tons of standard coal, which is approximately equal to the sum of tens of thousands of Three Gorges projects. At present, nearly 800 solar photovoltaic power plants have been built in China, with a total installed capacity of 1.96 million kilowatts. Third, China is a big hydropower country, and its current development rate is only 15%, which is far below the world level, and it also lags behind developing countries such as India, Brazil and Vietnam, with great development potential. Fourthly, China currently has 30 trillion cubic meters of coalbed methane reserves, which is similar to the conventional natural gas resources in China. Fifth, the reserves of alternative energy sources such as ocean energy, bio-energy, hydrogen energy, fuel cells and bio-liquid fuel also rank among the top in the world. The industrialization scale of new energy and renewable energy such as solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy and fuel cells will continue to expand, and new energy enterprises with scale advantages and resource advantages will have more room for development. Sixth, biomass energy is abundant, accounting for 3.7% of all alternative energy sources. This energy will be generated when organic wastes such as kitchen waste and animal compost are decomposed. Seventh, technically, China has initially possessed various technologies for the development and utilization of energy. Especially after more than 20 years of research and trial, China's methanol vehicles have entered a period of independent research and development and industrialization, and coal-based methanol and methanol vehicles have a complete set of independent technologies and a number of patents. Subjective advantage is mainly manifested in China's emphasis on alternative energy and its development and utilization. It is understood that the China Municipal Government has listed coal conversion and west-to-east gas transmission as key projects in China 10 this year, and made substantial steps in coal conversion and alternative energy development as soon as possible. And determined to vigorously develop clean coal technology during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period and take substantial steps in coal conversion and alternative energy development as soon as possible. At the same time, the rise in oil prices has two benefits to the utilization of alternative energy in China: first, it is conducive to mobilizing the enthusiasm of all sectors to promote alternative energy and the understanding of alternative energy from all walks of life, and promoting the development of alternative energy industry; Second, the rise in international oil prices is conducive to the adjustment and optimization of bio-gasoline production processes such as fuel ethanol industry and the research and development of comprehensive utilization projects. In the long run, oil prices will continue to rise. With the continuous maturity of ethanol production technology, the cost of ethanol gasoline will continue to decline, and the contrast with the increase in oil prices will become more and more obvious, which is conducive to reducing state financial subsidies, giving consumers greater profit space, enhancing the market competitiveness of ethanol gasoline and better promoting the promotion work. At the same time, the research on alternative energy in the world is also beneficial to the communication between China and the world. The challenge brought by the development of world economy forces all countries to devote themselves to the research and utilization of alternative energy sources. The second is to promote the reform of system and mechanism and form a diversified school-running pattern; Actively run public vocational colleges, vigorously develop private vocational education, and give full play to the enthusiasm of enterprises, industries and social forces to hold vocational education. Three, employment-oriented, deepen the teaching reform, pay attention to apply what you have learned, and improve the level and quality of running vocational colleges. Do a good job in professional ethics education focusing on professionalism and integrity, highlight the cultivation of students' practical ability and skills, and face enterprises with vocational education to cultivate talents needed by enterprises. Fourth, attach importance to the development of rural-oriented vocational education and improve farmers' vocational skills and ability to transfer employment.

2. The transportation industry uses transportation equipment and means to realize the economic ties among enterprises, departments, urban and rural areas and regions, and link all departments of the national economy into an organic whole, which plays a link role in the whole national economy; But also ensures smooth communication between people. Transportation plays an important role in politics, economy, culture and military affairs. The transportation industry not only serves the production field, but also serves the fields of circulation, distribution and consumption. Transportation industry is the premise and infrastructure of national economic development, and its management is not only reflected in its own economic benefits, but also in the whole social benefits. Therefore, the dominant position of the transportation industry should be considered when arranging the national economic plan to ensure that the transportation industry can provide sufficient capacity support for economic development. After decades of development, China's transportation has made certain achievements. First, the comprehensive transportation network has begun to take shape, and has initially formed an integrated transportation network consisting of five modes: railway, highway, water transport, aviation and pipeline, and has a certain level of equipment. Second, the level of transportation technology and equipment has been significantly improved, and the railway double-track rate has been greatly improved; The modernization process of traction power is accelerated, and the workload of internal combustion and electric traction transportation exceeds that of steam traction; In terms of communication signals, automatic blocking and semi-automatic blocking lines are close to100%; Expressway and motorways are growing rapidly; The water depth of inland waterway is 1 m, and the mileage is 61.4000 km, accounting for 56%. Gratifying achievements have been made in the construction of berths in inland rivers and coastal ports, with more than 300 10,000-ton ports. Third, the overall layout of traffic lines has improved significantly. Through more than 50 years of construction, China's transportation network has reached all parts of the country; The density distribution of comprehensive transportation network (including railways, highways and inland waterways) has gradually improved; The railway network has been extended to all provinces and regions in China; The road network has extended to all parts of the country; Inland waterways are mainly distributed in "Three Rivers and Two Rivers", and coastal ports have been further developed. While the transportation industry is developing, there is still a certain gap between China's transportation industry and developed countries. First, although China's transportation industry is developing rapidly, the overall scale of China's existing transportation infrastructure is still very small, which cannot meet the growing transportation needs of economic and social development. The density of transportation network in terms of land area and population lags far behind developed countries such as Europe and America, and is far behind developing countries such as India and Brazil. The capacity of passenger and cargo transportation in the main transport corridors is seriously insufficient, which is not conducive to the healthy development of the national economy. Two, the development of transportation industry can not meet the needs of improving people's living standards. With the development of economy and the continuous improvement of people's consumption level, people have more choices for various modes of transportation. With the increase of people's trips and demands, the transportation in China is in short supply. Three, the regional layout of transportation facilities is quite different, the eastern region is relatively developed, and the central and western regions, especially the western region, are relatively backward. The development of the central and western regions is seriously restricted by traffic. The central and western regions are vast and rich in resources, and the western regions are inhabited by ethnic minorities. The development of transportation in the western regions is of great strategic significance. Four, the transportation industry has high energy consumption and serious pollution, which does not meet the requirements of sustainable development. In the past period, the rapid growth of transportation was at the expense of serious resource destruction and environmental pollution. With the sustained and rapid growth of China's national economy and the strengthening of the relationship between transportation and national economy, the great development of transportation is an inevitable trend for a long time to come. Therefore, we must make full use of domestic and international resources to promote the faster development of transportation with economic development and the rapid and stable development of economy with transportation development. Green Agriculture Green agriculture is a broad sense of "big agriculture", which includes: green animal and plant agriculture, white agriculture, blue agriculture, black agriculture, fungus agriculture, facility agriculture, horticultural agriculture, sightseeing agriculture, environmental protection agriculture, information agriculture and so on. In specific applications, we generally refer to the "three products", namely pollution-free agricultural products, green food and organic food, as green agriculture. After China's entry into WTO, the international market requires high-grade, high-quality and excellent varieties of agricultural products and non-toxic, harmless and pollution-free agricultural products. China must take the road of green agriculture development. The environmental damage caused by human development makes people realize the importance of sustainable development. Therefore, China must base itself on China's national conditions, connect with the world's agricultural development, and promote the advantages of China's agriculture with green agriculture that conforms to economic and environmental development. China's agriculture has inestimable advantages in natural resources: China's agricultural natural resources are diversified: it spans nine hot areas from north to south, with vast territory, mountainous grasslands and various biological resources. The central and western regions, especially the northeast, northwest and southwest regions, are rich in green resources, which has created favorable conditions for the development of various characteristic green agricultural products. China agriculture also has certain characteristics in human and material resources: after thousands of years of accumulation, farmers in China have rich intensive cultivation techniques and the traditional foundation of green agriculture; China is rich in labor resources and low in price, so it can develop green agricultural products with great value combining labor-intensive and technology-intensive; Although most areas have been destroyed, they are in low industrial pollution or have not reached the level of irreversible chemical poisoning; China has thousands of years of cooking history, and the diversity of traditional Chinese medicine, health care and traditional green food. Green agriculture has also risen rapidly in the central and western regions, and the secondary and tertiary industries such as deep processing, fine processing and environmental protection and ecological industries of green agricultural and sideline products have developed rapidly. The combination of technology, talents and capital in the eastern region with green resources in the western region will rapidly develop an integrated base of agriculture, industry and commerce for exporting green agriculture and agricultural products. The state's investment in infrastructure such as transportation, electricity and communication has created favorable conditions for the development of green agriculture. In particular, the development direction of new rural construction put forward by our current government, increasing investment in rural infrastructure construction, comprehensively improving rural living environment, and dual investment in basic education and quality education will cause a series of changes in economy and life. Therefore, this is a golden opportunity for the change of agricultural industrial structure. At present, China's agricultural productivity has been greatly improved, and many agricultural products have begun to appear surplus. The government attaches great importance to the development of environment-friendly and quality-oriented agriculture, and farmers' awareness of quality and environmental protection has been greatly enhanced, which has the basic conditions for vigorously developing green agriculture. China government attaches great importance to the research and pilot work of environmental protection and ecological agriculture, which has a history of more than 20 years since 1980. China has established more than 2,000 different types and levels of ecological agriculture construction pilot projects, and achieved gratifying results. Since the early 1980s, the state has formulated many policies and measures to protect and control the ecological environment. 1998 the national ecological environment construction plan has been issued, and some commodities and foods in China have begun to implement the green label and environmental labeling system. To develop green agriculture, we should pay attention to: first, we should pay attention to optimizing design; Second, we should pay attention to all-round development; Third, we should pay attention to environmental protection. Suggestions on the development of green agriculture in China are as follows: First, the combination of multiple species and main species should be adopted in the model to form reasonable competition among species and make full use of various energy sources in unit space; Secondly, in terms of space allocation, the collocation form, density and space of species should be properly applied, so as to improve the utilization length of time; Thirdly, the production structure should be carried out according to the law of energy conversion and material circulation, and the efficiency of energy conversion and material circulation can be improved by prolonging or perfecting the food chain and improving the trophic level. If we can change the slack farming into busy farming from two crops a year, the integration of yard planting, breeding and processing will help solve the transfer problem of surplus idle rural labor; Fourthly, technically, we should make full use of the scientific combination of various technical measures to form an agricultural system that combines mechanical technology with food technology, organic agricultural technology with inorganic agricultural technology, and realize the organic unity of long-term ecological benefits and economic benefits: form an efficient agricultural group that is suitable for forest, grazing, water and tourism.

4. Tourism The sustained and rapid development of China's economy for more than 20 years has promoted the rapid development of tourism, making the industrial image of tourism increasingly distinct and the industrial scale growing day by day, becoming one of the fastest-growing industries in the national economy. The leading role of tourism in economic development has been paid more and more attention by countries, and the leading role of tourism in economic development has gradually been recognized. It is understood that the total number of employees in the tourism industry in 2005 was 44.5 million, accounting for 5.2% of the total employment in the country. At present, China has formed the largest, fastest growing and most potential tourism market in the world. Tourism has many unique conditions. First of all, China is rich in tourism resources: natural landscape, historical and cultural landscape and folk customs have their own characteristics, magnificent mountains and rivers, colorful folk customs, exotic animals and plants, and countless places of interest. Unique operas, music, dances and world-renowned food attract a large number of domestic and foreign tourists every year. Secondly, the rapid development of tourism service industry in China provides more opportunities for the development of tourism. The rapid development of China's civil aviation, railway, inland river and ocean passenger transport and road traffic has provided transportation guarantee for overseas tourists to travel to China. In order to meet the needs of tourists at different levels, a large number of hotels and restaurants have been built, rebuilt and expanded nationwide. At present, there are more than 8,880 star-rated hotels in China. All large and medium-sized cities and tourist attractions have well-equipped and thoughtful hotels to receive domestic and foreign tourists; There are more than 400 international travel agencies in China, including nearly 300 in Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and Chongqing. Third, the 5,000-year history and civilization of the Chinese nation has formed its own unique lifestyle, eating habits and folk customs. The colorful life of China people has become an important part of China culture and a tourist resource with great humanistic value. With the further progress of building a well-off society in an all-round way, the prospect of China's tourism industry will be more brilliant under the two-way interaction between supply and demand. Judging from the national macro-policy, tourism plays a very important role in stimulating domestic demand, expanding employment, promoting economic restructuring, beautifying the ecological environment, helping the poor to get rich, promoting the development of the western region and revitalizing the old industrial bases in Northeast China. From a regional perspective, with the intensification of regional tourism competition, regional tourism cooperation will be closer. Among them, the barrier-free tourist area in the Yangtze River Delta, the Pan-Pearl River Delta tourist circle, the northeast ice and snow tourist plate, the Three Gorges tourist belt, the Silk Road, the Shangri-La eco-tourist area and the Qinghai-Tibet railway tourist belt will be particularly prominent. From the perspective of investment, a large number of private capital will drive the further development of tourism. From the perspective of tourism products, red tourism, white tourism and other tourism are developing in the direction of leisure and vacation. From the form of tourism, go on road trip, self-help tour, special tour, special tour, intellectual tour, depth tour and experience tour are becoming more and more common. While tourism has been identified as a new growth point of the national economy, the enthusiasm of developing tourism in various places has never been higher, and the relevant state departments have also increased their support for tourism development. China's tourism development environment and investment environment are promising; As the leading industry in the tertiary industry, tourism is regarded as an advantageous industry or a pillar industry in most areas in the current industrial adjustment, and many supporting measures have been taken to promote its development; The development of the western region has created basic conditions for the transformation of western tourism resources into tourism products; China's accession to the WTO provides opportunities for further speeding up the opening-up of tourism-related industries, further optimizing China's tourism environment, establishing an economic operation mechanism more in line with international rules, attracting more foreign investors to invest in China's tourism industry, ensuring the opening-up of China's tourism industry, and attracting more tourists and management technology. Under the joint action of these factors, the prospect of China's future tourism development is more clear. 5. Financial Services In today's world economic operation, the financial industry has the function of controlling the lifeline of the national economy and ensuring the stable and healthy operation of the economy. The smooth operation of the financial industry is directly related to the healthy development of a country. In order to ensure the healthy operation of the national economy in today's fierce competition, we must reasonably control the "financial industry", a barometer of economic operation, and give full play to its regulatory role in the economy. After China's entry into WTO, with the development of economy, China's financial industry is facing severe challenges and opportunities. While China's financial industry is gradually in line with international standards, we must actively take advantage of opportunities and meet challenges. The opportunities we face are as follows: First, the rise of China's financial industry in the world has caused the international financial market to pay attention to domestic financial information, policies and changes. A large number of international financial institutions and banks have entered the China market one after another, making China's financial market show its importance on the international stage. The localization trend of foreign capital is conducive to the entry of foreign financial institutions into China and the development and growth of domestic financial institutions in the competition. Secondly, the process of reform and marketization of China's financial industry is gradually accelerating. With the gradual relaxation of restrictions on foreign companies in the insurance and securities industries. With the entry of foreign financial institutions, new financial system, advanced technology and management level, and rich financial products will flood into China. In contrast, the problems of low efficiency, insufficient competitiveness and single product in domestic financial industry are more prominent. These pressures and motivations will promote the deepening and quickening pace of financial system reform in China, and build a competitive modern financial system suitable for the development of financial institutions in China as soon as possible. Third, the management level of China's financial industry will be further improved. After China's entry into WTO, China's financial industry will inevitably follow the unified rules of international banking management, and some problems such as illegal operation and violation of the laws of market economy that have long plagued the financial industry will be gradually solved in the international competitive environment. The main challenges facing China are: First, the comprehensive competitiveness of domestic financial industry is insufficient. At present, the main problems existing in China's financial industry are poor asset quality, single financial products and weak comprehensive business competitiveness; Compared with domestic financial enterprises, foreign financial institutions have high capital adequacy ratio, advanced management mechanism, sound risk prevention mechanism, rich experience in financial services and diverse products, and with the development of electronic information technology and online banking business, they will quickly attract a considerable number of consumers. Secondly, with the entry of foreign banks, the advanced management concepts and service methods of foreign banks will inevitably make China financial institutions face competition from foreign financial institutions in many business fields. Thirdly, foreign banks will use their own advantages to seize market share from foreign exchange and RMB savings deposits, loan issuance and intermediary business. With the gradual liberalization of foreign banks' restrictions on deposit absorption, domestic banks will face the risk of deposit transfer and market share reduction. In the loan business, foreign banks will choose enterprises with excellent business performance, good reputation, broad development prospects and large assets as loan customers, while domestic enterprises will choose foreign banks with flexible service methods, high efficiency and good attitude, so that domestic banks may lose a number of high-quality customers. Fourth, domestic finance faces the risk of fluctuation. With the gradual liberalization of the domestic financial market, China's financial industry will be in a rapidly changing environment and face greater uncertainty. The fluctuation of the international financial market will cause the instability of the financial industry and then affect the development of the national economy. At the same time, the supervision and management of China's central bank lags behind the development of the situation, and the supervision technology is not perfect. In the face of possible fluctuations and changes in the financial industry, China must quickly adapt to the requirements of the market in order to maintain the stability of the financial order. Fifth, the possibility of brain drain in the financial industry has increased. After the entry of foreign-funded financial institutions, a large number of localized managers and business personnel are needed. Competing for high-quality banking professionals with certain practical work experience from Chinese-funded financial institutions is a shortcut to obtain talents, and the flow of talents can bring high-quality customers and expand business scope. For domestic financial professionals, the generous salary, fair employment mechanism and good training system of foreign banks are very attractive. The phenomenon of high-quality talents flowing to foreign banks will inevitably lead to the loss of domestic financial business backbone, high-quality customers and business varieties, which will make domestic banks at a disadvantage in the competition. The most important thing in financial services is talent. When we go to the financial institutions on Wall Street in the United States, we can understand who the talents of higher education in China are serving and making money for. Therefore, when we say that new york is the most powerful city in the United States, we mean that it brings together elites from all over the world. So there is a saying on Wall Street: Only elites can engage in finance, or people who engage in finance are all talents. However, the development of financial industry in any country mainly depends on the improvement and protection of the legal environment. At present, the government's economic promotion strategy of "building a new countryside" is a test for China's financial industry. We should realize that China's financial industry is facing a good opportunity period, and China's economy will maintain steady and rapid development in the future. Economic development is the fundamental driving force for the development of the financial industry. With the further development of economy, as long as we take reasonable measures, China's financial industry will develop at a faster speed. In particular, individual and collective asset custody business has broad prospects. 6. Coal Industry As the largest producer and consumer of coal in the world, the development of China's coal industry has attracted global attention. Coal is the initial motive force of world industrial development. The rise of world industry comes from the large-scale development of coal, and modern industry is also developed on the basis of gradual utilization of coal. With the emergence of the oil crisis, people's demand for coal is increasing. In the foreseeable future, coal can be used as an alternative energy source for oil to some extent. As a big coal country, we should give full play to our advantages and promote the faster development of China industry. At present, China's economy continues to maintain a steady growth trend, and the GDP growth rate will remain at around 8%. The coal industry just caught the express train of economic growth and became one of the industries with the most investment value. The important position of China's coal industry is closely related to the endowment conditions of China's energy resources. China's energy resources are characterized by rich coal and poor oil. Compared with oil and natural gas, coal has both reserve advantages and cost advantages in China, and it is also the most widely distributed, so coal is also the safest and most reliable energy source in China's strategy. In the foreseeable future, coal will remain the main energy and important strategic materials in China, which is irreplaceable. Although the proportion of coal in the energy structure is declining, the basic position of coal industry in the national economy will be stable for a long time. Before 1999, China's coal consumption accounted for more than two-thirds of the total energy consumption, oil consumption accounted for less than 1/4 of the total energy consumption, and natural gas and hydropower consumption accounted for less than 10% of the total energy consumption. Some experts predict that by 20 10, China's coal consumption will account for about 60% of the total primary energy consumption. Even by 2050, the proportion of coal consumption in primary energy consumption will remain above 50%. Therefore, we must combine the favorable characteristics of China coal to develop the coal industry and give full play to the advantages of China coal. China's coal has the following advantages: coal has a reserve advantage in various energy sources. At present, the proven coal resources are about 8.7 trillion tons, ranking third in the world after the Soviet Union and the United States. Compared with China's oil and gas reserves, the resources available for exploitation are seriously insufficient, with small reserves and high exploitation cost. Compared with oil and natural gas, coal is very competitive in price, which is one of the main reasons why coal resources still occupy a certain proportion in the energy consumption structure of western developed countries. Compared with oil and natural gas, coal has a cost advantage. Compared with oil and natural gas, coal has obvious cost advantages. Among all petrochemical energy sources, coal is the cheapest one with the same calorific value. The cost of using coal is 30% lower than that of oil and 40% lower than that of natural gas. The coal market has great potential. At present, there are hundreds of thousands of thermal power plants and industrial boilers burning coal in China, and most cities, especially small and medium-sized cities, live on coal as the main energy source. China is a big agricultural country. At present, more than 60% of the energy in farmers' lives still depends on firewood. It is an inevitable trend for rural areas to change from using bioenergy to using mineral energy, which will further expand the demand for coal. The rapid development of modern science and technology has also brought infinite vitality to China's coal industry. Coal liquefaction and gasification technology create conditions for coal to become clean energy. At present, the coal gasification technology in China is relatively mature; Indirect coal liquefaction technology has been commercialized abroad. At present, China is testing the performance and technical conditions of liquefied coal and conducting a commercial feasibility study. The new power generation technology has greatly improved the utilization efficiency of coal. The efficiency of the advanced combustion power generation system developed in the United States will increase from the current 33% (average) to 60% in 20 15 years, the fuel cost will be lower than the existing pulverized coal boiler 10%-20%, and the emission of SO2 and TSP will also be reduced to the standard110. Coal gasification fuel cell technology can not only improve coal utilization efficiency, but also greatly reduce air pollution. Coal water slurry technology has matured in western developed countries, and great progress has been made in research and development in China. The popularization and application of clean mining technology and new coal washing technology have greatly improved coal quality, reduced pollution and opened up a broad market for coal. The application of microelectronics and information technology has revolutionized the coal industry, greatly improved the efficiency and benefit of coal production, and realized high-yield, high-efficiency, safe, low-consumption and high-intensity mining of coal. Seven. Automobile industry Automobile industry is an important industry with high industrial correlation, obvious economies of scale and intensive capital and technology, and it is also one of the few industrial sectors most affected by economies of scale. Today, China automobile industry is facing a new round of transformation. In this transformation, China is the most competitive region in the world. How to build a good competition order and expand the automobile industry is an important issue for China automobile industry, but it is also the most profitable market. China's automobile industry has reached a considerable scale. There are more than 120 automobile manufacturers in China, and the number is almost equal to the sum of all automobile manufacturers in the United States, Japan and Europe. In 2005, the sales volume of automobiles in China reached 5.7 million, and the automobile industry has undoubtedly become a pillar industry of China's national economic development. The ranking of China's automobile industry in the world has also risen from the eighth place in 200 1 to the third place, becoming a big country in automobile industry. Recently, some people criticized Long Yongtu's WTO negotiations as a traitorous act, and many people mentioned the wrong strategy of exchanging market for technology. In short, it is to improve the technical content. We will build a Mercedes-Benz BMW and let Europeans and Americans buy our cars. Good wishes, then what strength do you have to say these words? It's better to be pragmatic. We should use economic theory to make rational analysis and realistic choice. Make full use of comparative advantages to develop China automobile industry. These seven industries still have a lot of room for development.