The author intends to analyze the Chinese people's understanding of reading, reading environment, reading purpose and motivation.
First of all, it is clear that the concept of reading recognized by the international community is that you forget the world around you and are happy, sad, angry and calm in another world with the author. It is an irreplaceable complete life experience, and it is irreplaceable by fragmented messages and exaggerated videos. In short, reading is a process of putting your heart and soul into it, experiencing it personally and getting all the information provided by the author. Those who do not meet the above requirements are not really reading.
First, the understanding of reading is not in place
(A) backward production and living conditions inhibit the demand for reading, it is difficult to correctly understand reading.
China has a feudal social history of several thousand years, and the people are mainly engaged in agricultural production. Small-scale peasant economy, small-scale peasant thought and small wealth are deeply rooted. Low productivity, backward traffic conditions, low mobility and low frequency, and little understanding of the outside world. The production relationship is simple, and self-sufficiency has become the basic feature and universal requirement. Not reading and being illiterate has become a common problem of China people, but it has little effect on agricultural production. In other words, people's daily production and life have low demand for reading and knowledge.
(2) Official policies restrict reading.
Qin Shihuang burned books to bury Confucianism, legalism was banned after Qin Dynasty, and the Western Han Dynasty respected Taoism and despised Confucianism. A few rulers after Yuan Dynasty restricted the spread of Chinese culture. The "New Culture Movement" advocated western-style democracy, freedom and equality, advocated the abolition of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, proposed "overthrowing Confucius' shops", launched the "Breaking the Four Books" movement during the "Cultural Revolution", and introduced western advanced culture in an all-round way through reform and opening up. This series of official policy orientations, hundreds of years of closed doors, the household registration system implemented after the founding of the People's Republic of China, and the popular "bookstores and theaters harm children" and so on. From the official to the folk, China's rejection of reading has a long history, which is not only extensive, but also deep. The government's restrictions on reading, the process of production and life has no or high demand for reading. "Poor scholar", "sour Confucian scholar" and "smelly Laojiu" are enough to show how prejudiced China people are against literati and reading. After the reform and opening up, China's productivity level has been greatly improved, and the relations of production have become more and more complicated. Not reading or reading too much can no longer meet the requirements of the times. Expressway, high-speed railways, airplanes and other modern means of transportation are all over the country, and the personnel mobility policy is very loose. With the popularity of the Internet and the development and application of the Internet access function of mobile phones, we can know what is happening in the world without leaving home. Of course, foreigners can also know about us. Foreigners are surprised, surprised and worried when they know that China people generally don't study. But we have long been used to it, just like "I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but toward which corner of the mountain".
Second, there is no suitable reading environment.
Reading is a habit and must be cultivated from an early age. Reading needs an atmosphere and environment, including family environment, school environment, unit environment and social environment. With illiterate and semi-illiterate elders as the cornerstone of development, reading is useless and harmful as the ideological basis, and under the guidance of such erroneous remarks as "At least don't read the Water Margin, but don't read the Three Kingdoms at all", it is difficult for people with low education to form good reading habits and create a good reading environment. "One billion people, 800 million people gamble and 200 million people dance" was once a summary of China people.
Nowadays, with the progress of society, the development of economy and the improvement of life, people's entertainment methods are also greatly enriched, which are not limited to gambling and dancing. The mainstream is still three types: middle-aged and elderly people play mahjong, young people surf the Internet and children watch TV. In addition to playing mahjong, middle-aged and elderly people also have many kinds of chess games, such as digging holes, fighting landlords, floating three leaves and playing chess, which people will unconsciously indulge in. There are more friends online, and there are hundreds of millions of netizens and internet addicts in China. Chatting online, watching movies, playing games, shopping, texting, brushing Weibo, reading WeChat and playing Fetion are simply dazzling. Reading 24 hours a day doesn't seem enough! Japanese management masters only know that there are massage parlors in China, but he doesn't know nightclubs, KTV, shampoo rooms, foot washing rooms, bath centers, beauty centers, fitness centers and so on in China. There are many places for China people to play! Playing mahjong, surfing the Internet and watching TV are actually suitable for all ages in China, and it is difficult to distinguish the relationship between the protagonist and the supporting role.
Just like Suizhou, Hubei province, seen by friends from other places, it is an indisputable fact that Xinhua bookstores all over the country are deserted. Xinhua Bookstore rents restaurants everywhere and sells clothing department stores. We are all so busy that we can't spare time to read. We are all full, there is no need to read!
Leaders are busy with various inspections, entertainment and dinners, and have no time to read books; Employees are busy at work during the day, but at night they have to accompany their children to do homework, participate in colorful business activities, climb mountains, exercise, play cards, and have no time to read books; Parents are too busy making money and playing to read books. Children are busy with homework, taking part in various extra-long classes and interest classes, and have no time to study.
Man is a thinking advanced animal. Once his thoughts are not occupied by positive things, they will inevitably be occupied by negative things. Nobody reads books, but you don't put them away. You are different. Everyone is playing, but you are studying alone in your room. Obviously unsociable. I guess you are either mentally ill or withdrawn.
Third, the main direction of the main position has been seriously deviated.
However, under the guidance of the exam-oriented education system, the school only cares about teaching, regardless of educating people, and only punishes students in mathematics, physics, Chinese, politics, history and other disciplines. Other "extracurricular reading materials" will be confiscated by teachers, and children can only avoid their parents if they like them. Examination-oriented education stifles children's interest in reading, deprives them of their hobbies, and keeps them away from extensive reading, from making the past serve the present, and from humanity, contact, labor, creation and wisdom. As a result, a group of people who have been regarded as low IQ by foreigners for generations, that is, unqualified products. Ma Jiajue, Yao Jiaxin and others, the so-called outstanding college students, were "scrapped" by society before they entered the market. What does this mean?
The industrialization and two-way distribution of education keep outstanding young people in rural areas, old and young, marginal and poverty-stricken areas out of the university, while the children of rich and powerful people will be pushed onto the social stage even if they are incompetent, and they will be actors and starring, while the children of people who have no power and no money can only be spectators. The most promising people can only walk on.
Foreigners say that our IQ is low, but China people may not be convinced. Are all the high-end mobile phones, computers and cameras you use made by us? Are most of the cars on the street made by us? How many international famous brand products are there in China? According to the proportion of population, how many people should win the Nobel Prize in China? How many people are world-famous painters, musicians, inventors, entrepreneurs, scientists and fashion masters? We shouted all day to boycott Japanese goods. Can we resist with our mouths? If we have the ability, we can also make some goods with better quality and cheaper price than Japanese, American, Korean and German goods. Foreign goods will naturally lose. Who dares to say that our IQ is low?
Fourth, reading is useless and utilitarian reading is prevalent.
1986 Before China promulgated the Compulsory Education Law, China's illiteracy and semi-illiteracy became the first in the world. Compulsory education in developed countries and some developing countries has already spread to senior high school. Now kindergarten fees, primary school fees and junior high school fees make compulsory education a decoration. It seems that all kinds of special classes, interest classes and remedial classes from kindergarten are more important and necessary than formal classes. In addition to increasing children's learning burden, it also increases parents' financial burden. The fees charged by high schools and universities are reasonable and legal. You can't find a good job without going to college. If you have no money, you can't go to college. It doesn't matter even if you have a college degree. At present, most people feel that knowledge can only be learned by spending money. Without money, you can't learn knowledge, skills and specialties. Without money, there is no hobby or interest. No money, no school, no work. In some counties in Gansu, more than 50% families have returned to poverty because of their studies. The fact that knowledge can't change fate and knowledge is useless makes many people question and shake the role of reading. In recent years, more and more students give up taking the college entrance examination. Since it is useless to study hard and it is difficult to find an ideal job when you go to college, let's see what those idle books can do.
Hard work makes it hard to get rich. Inventors don't make money by counterfeiting, so counterfeiting will prevail, and inventions and creations will be swallowed up by fakes, fakes and fakes, so no one will study technology again, and no one is willing to concentrate on inventions and creations and create with peace of mind. Songwriters don't earn money by singing, and scientists are not as valuable as singers and movie stars. People who take the side door and use their brains can make a big splash and make a lot of money. Labor can't make you rich, but you can make money by being beautiful, singing well, acting in TV dramas and movies, and making money by being a car model, hand model, foot model, underwear model and clothing model, but it's really not good. Being a mistress and mistress can also make money. These are very simple, you don't need to read many books, as long as you are bold enough, you can succeed. A "master", singer, movie star, worth hundreds of millions. No matter how many books you read, you might as well be a singer, movie star, comedian and "master".
At school, there is only one purpose of study, to get into college and find a good job in the future.
In the workplace, the purpose of reading generally includes; One is to test civil servants, the other is to evaluate professional titles, and the third is to get a diploma. Most people in China study not to gain knowledge and wisdom to replenish their brains and spirits, but because of pressure and helplessness, which is imposed by the outside world and not voluntary. Reading has no source power, not internal cause, but external cause. Reading is not a hobby, but an interest. It is self-evident how far and how long you can go if you have insufficient internal motivation to study.
There are many reasons why people in China don't like reading. For example, there are fewer and fewer good books. The enthusiasm for Jin Yong, Qiong Yao, Wang Guozhen, Korean dramas and Japanese dramas, which once swept the country, is not enough to show that our spiritual food is sleepy, and our spiritual hunger has issued a yellow warning to the whole country? Limited economic conditions, studied for more than ten years, tired and so on. , are not the main reason. Lack of understanding, bad environment and incorrect guidance are the three main reasons. Lack of understanding leads to no environment, misleading reality, and misleading reality leads to unclear understanding. China people have been trapped in this strange circle for a long time.
To change the fact that China people don't like reading, we must start from the government, society, institutions, schools, families and other aspects. Qi Xin will make concerted efforts and make unremitting efforts. It will take at least 50 years before we can throw the label of "low IQ country" into the Pacific Ocean.