Please see, this is Sun Beard's Daguanlou long couplet, ***180 words, the full text is as follows:

Five hundred miles of Dianchi, running to the bottom of the eye. Draped in conical cap, happy to be vast and boundless! Look: East of the sacred steed, West of the spirit of the instrument, north of the meandering, south of the onyx. Higher rhyme, why not choose the victory to visit, while the crab island screw continent, comb wrapped on the sideburns of wind and mist; more apples and reeds, embellished with some green feathers Danxia. Do not let down: four around the fragrant rice, ten thousand hectares of clear sand, nine summer hibiscus, three spring willow; thousands of years of past events, note to the heart. Wine Lingxu, sigh rolling hero who is? Think: Han Xi building ship, Tang standard iron pillar, Song waving jade axe, Yuan across the leather bag. Great martyrdom and great achievements, the effort to move mountains, all the curtains and paintings, roll less than twilight rain and clouds; then the broken stone monuments, are paid with the pale smoke and light. Only to win: a few pestle and bell, half a river fishing fire, two lines of autumn geese, a pillow of frost.

Translated into vernacular, it reads as follows:

Five hundred miles of vast bo Dianchi, in front of my eyes rushing, open lapel, push high crown, this boundless blue waves, how delightful ah! Look at it: the east of the Golden Horse Mountain seems to run like a horse, the west of the Bijie Mountain like a phoenix flying, the north of the Snake Mountain as a snake winding, the southern end of the Crane Hill if the white cranes soaring. Poets, 'why not choose this good time to climb a high building, viewing that crab-like island, snail-like sandbar; mist in the thick tree willow like a young girl combing hair general swaying; and that the sky of the water grass, reeds all over the ground, as well as dotted with green birds and a few splashes of brilliant red sunshine. Enjoy watching it, do not fail to Dianchi around the fragrance of the 'golden rice, bright sunshine under the ten thousand hectares of sandy beaches, summer graceful lotus, the spring willows.

Thousands of years of past events, surging to my heart. Lift up the glass of wine, up to the sky sighing, those heroes in the long river of history, and now there is who is in it? Imagine: Han Wu Di in order to open up the southwest to India's channel, in Chang'an dug Kunming Lake to train the navy; Tang Zhongzong sent troops to recover the Erhai area, set up an iron pillar to mark the achievement; Song Tazu waved a jade axe, face the map, the southwest will be drawn outside the boundaries; Yuan Shizu rate of the army across the Gebao and rafts across the Jinsha River, the unification of Yunnan. These great achievements, it really took the effort to move mountains ah! But the rapid turnover of dynasties, such as the evening rain, the morning clouds as short, even the curtain can not roll up quickly disappeared; and even the memory of the broken tablets and jellies, but also decadent in the sunset twilight in the neon. In the end, leaving only a few sparse bells, half a river dim fishing fire, two lines of lonely geese, a pillow of cold frost.

This friend asks, what is the origin of the four allusions in the next couplet? Now we have an explanation of these four allusions to the history of Yunnan.

The first is the phrase "Han Xi Lu Boat". At that time, Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty sent Zhang Qian on a mission to the western region in order to contact the Dayue Clan to attack Xiong Nu. Zhang Qian discovered in Daxia (present-day Afghanistan) that there was an ancient silk road leading from the southwest to India. Emperor Wu of Han sent his men to search for this ancient road, but they failed to find it because it was blocked by the Kunming tribe in the Erhai area of Yunnan Province. So he ordered to dig an artificial lake named "Kunming Pond" in the capital Chang'an, and trained the navy to prepare for the attack on the Kunming tribe. This is the allusion to "Han's practice of building ships". Why is there a Kunming Lake in the Summer Palace in Beijing? This is because the Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty admired the achievements of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty in opening up new territories, so he renamed the West Lake in Beijing as "Kunming Lake".

Then there is the origin of "Tang standard iron pillar". In the early 8th century A.D., the Tang Dynasty fought with the Tubo in the Erhai region, and in 707, Tang Zhongzong Li Xian sent the royal historian Tang Jiuzheng to lead the troops to Yunnan, eliminating the Tubo's strongholds, thus restoring the rule of the Erhai region. Tang Jiuzheng then erected an iron pillar to mark the achievement.

"Song waved the jade axe" refers to the Northern Song Emperor Zhao Kuangyin, after the pacification of Sichuan, holding a jade axe (literally a plaything) along the map of the Dadu River, said: "In addition, I do not have." Meaning that the Song Dynasty no longer want places other than the Dadu River. Some friends hear here, can not help but ask: "since ancient emperors are ambitious to open up the territory, why Song Taizu will be outside the boundaries of Yunnan? "This is because the Northern Song Dynasty is not as strong as the Han and Tang Dynasty, a vast territory, their own national weakness, has been unable to attack Yunnan; coupled with his wrongly summed up the Tang Dynasty to support the Nanzhao and Nanzhao rebel against the Tang Dynasty's lessons, and therefore the Yunnan delimitation in the territory.

There is also an allusion to "Yuan across the leather bag". The leather bag is a sheepskin bag (also made of cowhide). A single leather bag can be tied to the body as a floating device across the river, the local people called "leather won't blunt"; can also be more than one leather bag connected to the raft. 1253, the Mongolian Khan sent Kublai led the attack on Yunnan, the plan to destroy the Dali, the formation of the encirclement of the Southern Song Dynasty, and ultimately the destruction of the. Kublai led 100,000 troops to the banks of the Jinsha River, is the use of leather bags as well as rafts across the Jinsha River, extinguished the Dali Kingdom, the Yunnan Province under the rule of the Yuan.

Sun bearded weng long line both out, because of its social content of the deep and wide, a sweep of other people's popular singing, a sensation. Kunming celebrity Lu Shutang in running script will be written and engraved, hanging in front of the Grand View Tower, heard of the people do not rise, Ji - climb for fast.

Sun bearded Weng long line, "on the line" to write the scene for the pen of the dragon, closely linked to the "Daguan Tower", write the building to see the Dianchi scenery of the vastness of the vastness of Dianchi, Fu Mei beautiful, one sentence a map, sound and color. The author skillfully combines the historical myths and the depiction of real scenery, so that the description of the scenery becomes magical and rich, it is different from the rough East China Sea, but also different from other plains lakes, but everywhere shining "with the unique light of the Pearl of the Plateau, attracting people to the heart of the spirit of the oil," and give birth to the love of the countryside and love of the motherland's feelings of grandeur. "The next couplet" is to narrate the matter of the building for the point of view of the pen. Citing historical facts, everything about the history of Yunnan, standing on the banks of Dianchi, recalling the past events in Yunnan; by the historical events in Yunnan, and then the thousands of years of the orthodox dynasty as "twilight rain and clouds", can not be sustained; to the feudal rulers to create a great martyrdom and great achievements, as a "broken stone monument "'" are paid to the smoke fall license ". The so-called "rolling heroes" of the feudal rulers boldly denied.

Sun beard in the long line of thousands of years of feudal society put forward bold doubts, dare to the so-called "supreme" feudal rulers as a dung, from the "Kangxi and Qianlong" see the decline of feudal rule, which fully demonstrated his extraordinary This fully demonstrates his extraordinary boldness and valuable counter-current spirit. This is also an important reason why the long couplets have long been recited and why Sun Beard has been honored. The Long Couplet was popular and well known at home and abroad. The ruling class also sniffed out its rebellious flavor. During the Daoguang period, Ruan Yuan, the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, and Cheng Yuechuan, the governor of Zhejiang, tampered with the Long Lian. Ruan Yuan had said clearly: "Sun beard original link, to the orthodox Han, Tang, Song, Yuan great achievements, always a empty main, said my dynasty (Qing)? "Therefore, he changed the phrase "north go meandering, south fly onyx" to "north leaning against the dragon, south taming the treasure elephant", implying that he was loyal to the Qing court in the north to "tame" the people of Yunnan. The meaning of the long couplet is also changed from "Wei Lie Feng Gong" to "Cuan Chang Meng Sheikh", replacing the original reference to the feudal emperor with the local chief, so that the theme of the couplet is changed from anti-feudalism to the maintenance of feudal rule (i.e., the so-called "supporting the right and eliminating the wrong"). "The rest, such as replacing the phrase The rest, such as replacing the phrase "wearing a conical cap" with "leaning on the fence towards the distance". The rest, such as changing "wearing a conical cap" to "leaning towards the distance", "combing the wind and fog mane" to "lining up the green cliffs and green walls", "heart power" to "power", etc., have greatly weakened the "power" and "power". "and so on, greatly weakening the original thought connotation and artistry. Ruan Union hung out after "Dianzhong people, quite a lot of annoyance", the community circulated such a ballad: "soft (Ruan) tobacco bag (Wutai for Ruan Yuan's words) incomprehensible, turnip leeks and green onions, change the ancients, laugh at Sun Bei Weng." When Ruan Yuan full transfer away, the grand guanlou and replaced with Sun bearded weng's original couplet. Zhejiang governor Cheng Yuechuan changed the association, also because of the ideological and artistic tampering is very poor, no one recited. It should be said that these dignitaries tampered with the couplet is not out of ignorance of literature and ink, but the political position of the decision. In the seventh year of Xianfeng (1857), Daguanlou was destroyed by the fire at the same time as the long couplet. Tongzhi five years (1866), Daguanlou rebuilt, Guangxu fourteen years (1888) Cen Yuying, governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, let Zhao Fan re-link the long regular script, to their own title engraved hanging, has been preserved to this day.

The creation of the long couplet demonstrates Sun's courage to break away from his predecessors and take a different approach to the spirit of originality. First of all, Sun Beiweng long couplets pioneered the fusion of parallel poems in a furnace of creative methods. In the writing style, boldly break through the stereotypes of five to eleven words, 'to poetry into the couplet, to parallel prose into the couplet, to song and fugue into the couplet, sentence length, flexible and free, neatly, colorful, the whole couplet up to 180 words, the momentum, rare in ancient times, greatly enriched the couplet's creative techniques. Sun Union, the face of the couplet for a new. For this reason alone, Sun Union in the history of the development of couplets has occupied an irreplaceable important position.

Secondly, Sun's long couplet expanded the horizons of couplet creation. This link will be the narrative, writing, lyricism into one, with a broad social life into the link, gallop imagination, longitudinal discussion of the past and present, written in a poetic and rich and scenery flow, the attitude is clear and strong, the feelings of depression and frustration, to the creation of couplets to open up a new realm, expanding the creation of couplets of the new face. ;;;;;

Thirdly, Sun's long couplet is also unique in its structure. The first couplet is a scene that unfolds a vast space; the second couplet is a history that spans a long period of time. The author galloped in space and time, the whole link scene blending, the air, text symmetry, the beginning and end of the note, the use of the dictionary, the opposite mood; read people thinking, memory, reflecting the author's conceptualization of the subtle.

Furthermore, Sun Beard Weng long line is also good at aptly melting the former poetry into the line. For example, "wind and mist sideburns" is Li Qingzhao's famous line in the words of "Yongxuele", and Sun beard used here to describe the lakeside tree willow swaying posture in the mist, the effect is excellent, a few win orchid of the wonderful. The other ones, such as "all the curtains and paintings, rolled less than the evening rain and clouds", "the broken stone, are paid with the smoke fall" is also a good example of melting.

Lastly, Sun's words and phrases are refined and familiar, and the rhythm of the rhyme and rhythm of the resonance of the flow of the United States have reached a state of pure perfection, and almost can not change a word. The first thing I'd like to say is that I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to do that.

Friends, the above points, that is, "the first link in the sea", Sun Beard Weng Daguanlou long several major artistic characteristics. Through the vicissitudes of history, the long couplet has received more and more praise and commendation. Qing Dynasty Wu Yangxian highly evaluated: "Iron plate copper pazhou tartar sound, bearded Weng talent drama vertical and horizontal. One hundred and eighty words at the top of the building, the yellow crane inscription left ten thousand ancient names." Daoguang years asked, coupling scholar LiangZhangJu said: "resort spectacular, there must be a long coupling began to say, but but twenty or thirty words stop, but the city of yunnan province attached to GuoDaguanLou coupling a post, as many as one hundred and seventy words, praised at home." Modern Liu Runzhi praised: "Sun bearded Weng Daguanlou coupling, the atmosphere is magnificent, shining universe, the sea long association, should push the first."

In March 1958, Mao Zedong went to Chengdu to participate in the Central Working Conference. During the meeting, he borrowed more than 10 kinds of coupling books, including Liang Zhangru "coupling series". In this book, he saw the Daguanlou long couplets, very much appreciated, can recite as if flowing. In the book, Liang affirmed the long couplet and commented, "(This couplet) is not free from the ridicule of redundancy." In this regard, Mao Zedong commented, "It has never been seen before, and it has created a new style, so this comment is not correct." Mao corrected Liang Wen's comment that the long couplet was "more than 170 words" with a marginal comment: "180 words." He also hated the book's inclusion of the long couplet tampered with by Ruan Yuan, and corrected it by saying, "A dead pair of words that turns gold into iron." In October 1959, Dong Biwu traveled to Daguanlou after the poem "Tour of Kunming Daguanlou", the first four lines of the cloud: "Kunming Daguanlou, a sweeping victory over the lakes and mountains. Bearded Weng's long association of words, the feelings of the present and the past are exhausted." In January 1961, Guo Moruo enthusiastically praised this poem in his poem, "The Long Couplet is still on the wall, and the giant brush is like a rafter." The handwriting of this poem is now hanging in the third floor of the grand guanlou, has been popular. Chen Yi in December 1963 canoeing Dianchi, also made: "cabin wall hanging Sun Beard Weng Daguanlou long couplet after reading the joy of Fu"; "Dianchi eyes 500 miles, associated with thousands of years of mankind. Decaying system finally collapsed, the emerging class is like a rock. Poet poor death is not unfortunate, so far the long link is foretold.

After Sun Lian, imitations have been made, and long couplets have been released. But so far there has not been comparable to it, the Grand View Tower long line is still called "the world's first".

Let's look at the first couplet, "Three cups of wine in the embrace of a thousand years", meaning: millions of years of past events, all together in the heart, full of embrace. Let's raise the cup to drink, slowly to comment on a thousand years of achievements and crimes, melt the endless feelings it! ;; The next couplet "ten thousand miles of clouds and mountains, a water tower", said: clouds over the green mountains, mountains embracing the white clouds, clouds and mountains ten thousand miles, direct sky. On the shore of the vast Dianchi Pond, there is a high building that rises above the waves. Climb the tall building, look over the fence and point to the river and mountains.

The author will wine, clouds, mountains, water, buildings and other physical objects and landscapes to be compared, but also let a thousand autumn, three cups, 10,000 miles, a (seat) and other disparate quantities, compared to but also linked to the Daguanlou long association for a high degree of condensation and generalization, not only to depict a magnificent and beautiful scene, but also express a strong and deep feelings, in thought, style and the Daguanlou long association with the ****common place, the artistic can be and the long association with the mirror.

The font of this couplet is in running script, elegant, originally written by Song Xiang, later destroyed. During the Tongzhi period, Ma Rulong made it up and put his own name on it.

After appreciating this couplet, let's climb up the stairs to have a look. Friends, different time to board the Daguan Tower, although the same appreciation of the far borrowed Dianchi and the Western Hills, but there are different feelings. Early in the morning climbed the Daguanlou, see the mountain in the water, water in the fog, such as an ink landscape painting. Noon climbed the daguanlou, five hundred miles of Dianchi as far as the eye can see, the blue waves of ten thousand hectares. Dusk climbed the daguanlou, the evening sun, white sails, fishing songs, full of poetry and picturesque. This is the "borrowed scenery" effect of the "borrowed at the right time".

Now we have ascended to the third floor, please see this is Mr. Guo Moruo January 1961 tour of the Daguanlou personally inscribed poem: Sure enough, a big view of the mountains and the water called the fence.

Sleeping Buddha cloud escape, Dianchi sea-like wide.

The long link is still on the wall, the giant pen letter like rafters.

I have also been wearing a lapel for a long time, and my ambition is overflowing.

This poem not only appreciates the magnificent scenery of the Grand View Tower with its majestic momentum, but also highly evaluates Sun Beard and his long association.

The Daguanlou is famous for Sun Beiweng's long association. Today, by Yunlong has a joint cloud: "and Yueyang yellow crane balance, the same majestic, each with a great name in the universe; the victory of the Kunhai Bijie, with the view to appreciate, will not be a good month negative spring and autumn." This link will be compared to the Daguanlou and Yueyang Tower, Yellow Crane Tower. With the Daguanlou reputation, "China's four great buildings" said the formation is an indisputable fact. Tengwang Pavilion and Tengwang Pavilion poems and sequences, Yellow Crane Tower and Yellow Crane Tower poems, Yueyang Tower and Yueyang Tower record, Daguan Tower and Daguan Tower long association, the famous buildings reflect each other to enhance the glory, and **** with the glory of China.