At least 0.27 yuan/day, Baidu Library members can be opened, and the full contents can be viewed in the library. According to statistics, in recent years, the number of fire deaths in China has been increasing year by year, and the number of fire injuries is about 5,000.

With the increasing use of fire and electricity in people's production and life, fires continue to occur due to careless management of fire and electricity or equipment failure, which poses a great threat to human life and property. How to use fire correctly and prevent fire is a very important work in our daily life.

We know that fire is dangerous, but how to prevent it in our daily work? 1 basic knowledge of fire fighting 2 signs and usage of fire fighting facilities and equipment 3 handling methods in case of fire and basic knowledge of how to save yourself and escape. Overview of fire fighting tasks: Prevent fires and reduce fire hazards, protect personal, public and customer property, and ensure normal production and living order! Principles of fire control work adhere to the principle of combining specialized agencies with the masses and implement the responsibility system for fire control safety? Fire protection refers to the social behavior of eliminating and preventing fires in advance. ? The principle of fire control work in China is: prevention first, combination of prevention and elimination.

? National unified fire alarm telephone number: 1 19, and hotel internal alarm telephone number: 199. Basic knowledge of fire protection fire terminology explanation fire: refers to the disaster caused by uncontrolled burning in time and space.

Flash point: the lowest temperature of liquid flash point. Ignition point: the lowest temperature required for combustible substances to start continuous combustion.

Fire: the phenomenon that combustible substances continue to burn under the action of fire sources in the air. Spontaneous combustion: the combustion phenomenon that combustible substances are not affected by fire in the air, but rely on their own heating or external heating.

Understand the three conditions of fire burning. The fire source, combustible materials and combustion-supporting materials form a combustion triangle chain. The fire extinguishing principle is to destroy the combustion triangle chain.

It's on fire.

2. Ask for a video: Common sense of daily fire prevention

In the fire, trapped people should have good psychological quality, keep calm, don't panic, don't act blindly, and choose the correct escape method.

It must be noted that the temperature at the scene of the fire is amazing, and smoke will block your view. When we saw the fire scene in movies and TV, everything was clear. It was shot outside the smoke at the fire scene. When we were at the scene of the fire, the visibility was very low. Even in the room where you lived for a long time, we couldn't figure out the location of the windows and doors. In this case, it is even more important to keep calm and not panic. If you are trapped in a fire, you should use all available conditions around you to escape. You can use fire elevators and indoor stairs to escape. Ordinary elevators must not be used, because ordinary elevators are easy to cut off power, have no smoke prevention effect, and are likely to be stuck in the air in case of fire. You can also use the balcony.

Water pipes on corridors and external walls escape. After the fire, there will be smoke coming out. Stop immediately in case of heavy smoke. Never try to get out of the fireworks and crawl low in the smoke.

Due to the rising of hot air, there will be a lot of smoke floating from the upper floor, so there should be air below 30 cm from the ground, so try to crawl in the smoke and keep your head close to the ground as much as possible. Escape in the smoke, if the human body is not properly protected, it is easy to inhale the smoke into the human body, leading to fainting or suffocation, and at the same time, the eyes will be hard to open because of the smoke.

At this time, transparent plastic bags can be used, regardless of size. Large plastic bags can cover the whole head and provide enough air for escape. If there is no big plastic bag, a small plastic bag can also cover the head, but it can also cover the nose and mouth to provide air for escape. When using plastic bags, be sure to open them completely, but don't blow them off with your mouth, because the gas blown in is carbon dioxide, which is counterproductive. If you hear an alarm at night, you should first touch the door with the back of your hand to see if the door is getting hot. If it is hot, you can't open the door, or smoke and fire will rush into the bedroom. If the door is not hot, the fire may not be big, and it is possible to escape from the room through normal channels.

Be sure to close the door after leaving the room to prevent the fire from spreading. In a word, when a fire breaks out, we should act actively, not wait and die.

3. What are the basic knowledge of fire safety?

The basic knowledge of fire safety is as follows: 1. Alarm knowledge (1) When giving an alarm, dial "1 19" to clarify the district, county and street house number where the fire unit is located; (2) It is necessary to know what is on fire and the size of the fire, so that the fire department can call out the corresponding fire-fighting vehicles; (3) Clear the name and telephone number of the alarm person; (4) Pay attention to the fire brigade's inquiry, answer correctly and concisely, and don't hang up the phone until the other party makes it clear that you can hang up; (5) After the alarm, wait for the fire truck at the intersection and instruct the fire truck to go to the fire section.

When calling the police, make clear the name, address, object and size of the fire unit, and send someone to the intersection to wait for the fire truck. Second, how to use the fire extinguisher: 1. When using portable dry powder fire extinguisher, you should carry the handle of portable fire extinguisher and get to the fire site quickly.

2. Put down the fire extinguisher about 5 meters away from the fire point. When used outdoors, it should be in the windward direction.

3. Before use, turn the fire extinguisher upside down several times to loosen the dry powder in the steel cylinder. 4. If a built-in or pressure-storage dry powder fire extinguisher is used, first unplug the safety pin, hold the nozzle with one hand and press the handle with the other hand, and the dry powder will be sprayed from the nozzle.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-fire safety knowledge.

4. Safety knowledge video for primary and secondary school students and parents

1. When the earthquake occurs, if you are in class, how should you take preventive measures? (10) A: If you are in the classroom, you should crouch under the desk with your head closed under the guidance of the teacher.

As soon as the earthquake stops, evacuate quickly and orderly, and don't crowd when evacuating. 2. When an earthquake happens, where should the family choose to absorb shock? (10) Answer: If you are indoors, you should hide under solid furniture nearby, such as a desk, a solid bed and a rural heatable adobe sleeping platform, or you can hide in a corner or a bathroom and kitchen with small span, many pipes and good integrity.

Be careful not to hide under the window of the external wall, in the elevator room, and not to jump off the building. These are very dangerous. 3. How to escape and save yourself in the face of fire? (10) A: When there is a fire, you should escape quickly and don't be greedy for property.

When threatened by fire, wear soaked clothes, bedding, etc. Rush out in the direction of the safety exit. When escaping from the smoke, try to keep your body close to the ground and cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel.

If you are on fire, don't run. You can roll on the spot or crush the flame with heavy clothes. Don't take the elevator in case of fire, but escape in the direction of the safety exit.

Never catch fire outside. Open the door when it is very hot to prevent fire from rushing into the room. Use soaked bedding, clothes, etc. To block the doors and windows, to splash water to cool down.

If all escape routes are blocked by fire, you should immediately return to the room and send a distress signal to the window by flashing a flashlight, waving clothes, making a phone call, etc. And wait for rescue. Don't jump off a building blindly. You can use evacuation stairs, balconies, drainage pipes, etc. In order to escape, you can either tear sheets and quilts into strips and connect them into ropes, tightly tie them to fixed objects such as window frames and iron railings, and slide down the ropes, or go down to the floor without lights to get out of danger.

4. What should I pay attention to when walking on the road? (10) A: 1. Walking on the sidewalk. If there is no sidewalk, take the roadside. 2. When crossing the road, take the crosswalk, overpass or underpass.

3. Obey the traffic signals, stop at the red light and go at the green light. 4. Do not drill (cross) the traffic isolation facilities.

5. Don't cross the road when the car is coming or going in front of or behind the car. Don't pick up the car, chase the car, forcibly stop the car or hit the car with a parabolic object on the road. 6. Don't run, frolic, play games on the road, and don't read while walking.

7. When walking at night, try to wear a light coat and cross the road where there are street lights. Five, primary and secondary school students swimming four don't.

(10) A: 1. Without the guidance of parents, children can't go swimming together secretly; 2. You can't go swimming in rivers and ponds that don't know the water conditions and are very remote. In order to prevent cramps, it is necessary to get ready before going into the water. First, exercise, wet all parts of your body with water, and don't go into the water immediately; 4. Be self-aware of your own water, don't play around after entering the water, and don't compete without adults and safety measures.

(10) 6. When a minor finds someone drowning, which method should he choose to save him? (10) A: Minors should try not to go into the water to save people when they find someone drowning. They should call for help and invite adults to save them. Secondly, they should use life-saving equipment or bamboo poles, boards, ropes and other objects that can be used at that time for rescue. The third is that the drowning person should not panic, try to keep his nose and mouth out of the water and keep breathing for rescue.

Parental safety knowledge questionnaire: 1. Can household appliances catch fire with water? What should we teach children to do? (10) answer: household appliances can't be put out with water when they catch fire. The ways to put out the fire of household appliances are as follows: First, cut off the power immediately, wear insulating gloves when pulling the switch, and people should stay away to avoid burning the face with arc jet when cutting off the power.

When cutting off the power supply with an electrician's pliers or a dry wooden handle axe, cut off the phase line and the ground line of the power supply one by one, otherwise it will cause a short circuit and cause a greater disaster. When putting out the fire, close the doors and windows to prevent the wind from burning.

Immediately cover the flame with dry quilts and cotton-padded clothes. Never use water or fire extinguisher to spray electrical equipment to put out the fire, because high-temperature electrical equipment will explode and hurt people when it suddenly meets water cooling.

After the fire is put out, be sure to open the doors and windows in time for ventilation. Second, how should children be taught to distinguish whether natural gas leaks? What should the children do if the natural gas leaks at home? (10) Answer: 1. Check the gas pipeline and cooker, and smear it along the pipeline with a rag stained with soapy water, focusing on all interfaces. If there is air leakage, bubbles will appear, and if there is air leakage during cooking, it will have a strong smell.

2. Disposal method of gas leakage: Never make a phone call or answer the phone at the scene without an open flame. Cover your nose and mouth with a towel and immediately open the window for ventilation. If the site permits, close the valve and power supply as soon as possible. If there is an open flame, turn off the power supply and the kitchen door and call 1 19 for rescue. 3. What will your child do if his parents are not at home and a stranger knocks at the door? Did the child do the right thing? (10) Answer: omitted.

4. How should parents educate their children to cross the road safely? (10) A: Educate children to cross the road in a civilized way: 1. Line up to cross the road; 2. Take the crosswalk; 3. Take the underground passage; 4. Don't frolic on the road; 5. Don't cross the guardrail; 6. Don't chase the car, don't pick it up, and don't stop.

5. Common sense of fire safety

First, the daily fire safety knowledge

Daily fire prevention is the most important. It is the best preventive measure to develop good living habits and master common sense of fire prevention and fire safety:

1. Develop good habits, don't touch the unlit cigarette butts and kindling at will, and don't smoke on the bed or sofa after drinking, fatigue and going to bed.

2. In summer, mosquito-repellent incense should be put on a special shelf, and don't be close to curtains, mosquito nets and other flammable items.

3. Don't store inflammable and explosive articles such as gasoline and alcohol at will, and strengthen safety protection when using them.

4. Be especially careful when using open flame, and don't place flammable and combustible materials near the fire source.

5. Welding and cutting operations have great fire risks. Before operation, you must know the flammable and combustible materials nearby. Before operation, the flammable and combustible materials in the vicinity must be removed. During operation, there should be a special person to prevent the fire caused by spattering of high-temperature welding chips. After homework, check whether there is a fire.

6. In case of gas leakage, close the valve quickly, open the doors and windows, don't touch the electrical switch box and use naked flame, and notify the professional maintenance department in time.

7. Check the circuit frequently to prevent aging, short circuit and leakage. Worn circuits should be repaired and replaced in time.

8. Circuit fuses (chips) are blown. Do not use copper wires or iron wires instead. It is recommended to install automatic air switches.

9. Don't overload electricity, and don't pull and connect wires.

10. Before leaving the residence or going to bed, check whether the electrical appliances are cut off, whether the main power supply is cut off, whether the gas valve is closed and whether the open flame is extinguished.

1 1. Don't pile sundries in corridors, stairs, fire exits, etc. , and ensure the smooth passage and safe exit.

Second, escape and self-help at the scene of the fire

There is a great possibility of a fire. Once the fire comes, many people will die in the fire under the siege of smoke, poison gas and flame, but some will survive. In the face of billowing smoke and raging flames, it is very possible to save yourself as long as you use the knowledge of self-help and fire escape calmly and tactfully. Therefore, if you master more skills to save yourself in a fire, you may get a second life in danger.

First: escape rehearsal, no danger.

Everyone should know the structure and escape route of the building where he works, studies or lives. When necessary, he can organize emergency escape drills to familiarize everyone with the fire-fighting facilities in the building and the methods of self-help and escape. In this way, when there is a fire, you won't feel cornered.

Second: be familiar with the environment and memorize the export.

When you are in a strange environment, such as staying in a hotel, visiting a shopping mall, or entering an entertainment place, you must pay attention to the evacuation route, safety exit, and the orientation of stairs for your own safety, so that you can escape from the scene as soon as possible at a critical time.

Third: the exit of the passage is unobstructed.

Stairs, passages, exits, etc. It is the most important escape route in case of fire. They should be kept clear, and sundries should not be piled up or locked, so as to pass safely and quickly in an emergency.

Fourth: stay calm, get a clear direction and evacuate quickly.