Physics test questions and reference answers for the senior high school entrance examination in Heze, Shandong Province in 2111 (word version)

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Physical test questions for the junior high school academic level test in Heze, Shandong Province in 2111

Notes:

1. This test question is ***8 pages, with a perfect score of 71 points and the examination time of 71 points. Answer directly on the test paper with a pen or ballpoint pen.

2. Candidates must fill in the items in the sealed line clearly before answering the questions.

1. Multiple choice questions (This question includes 8 small questions, each with 2 points and ***16 points. There are only 1 options in each small question that meet the meaning of the question. Fill the letter in front of the correct option in the brackets after the stem of the question. If you choose the right one, you will get 2 points. If you choose more than one, you will get no points.) < P > 1. Knowing the society starts with knowing yourself. For a junior high school student, What is wrong in the following statement is ()

A. His mass is about 51 kg

B. His height is about 161 cm

C. His density is about 1.5× 113 kg/m3

D. His normal body temperature is about 37℃

2. Turn on, turn off and channel change of household appliances such as TV sets. The light of the remote control TV is ()

A. Red light B. Infrared light C. Purple light D. Ultraviolet light

3. Physics is around us, and the designer of the bicycle has used a lot of physical knowledge. The following statement is wrong: ()

A. A washer is placed under the nut. It is to increase the pressure

B. Rolling bearings are installed on the axle to reduce the friction

C. The outer tire of the wheel has concave and convex patterns to increase the friction

D. The taillights can reflect the light from different directions to let the people behind see

4. "Cherish life and pay attention to safety" is a consciousness that students must have in their daily life,

The following statements about safety. The mistake is ()

A. If there is an electric shock accident, you should immediately cut off the power supply and then rescue it.

B. In a thunderstorm, people can't walk with an umbrella at a height, or they may be struck by lightning.

C. When using the test pen, your hands must touch the metal part at the end of the pen.

D. Many household appliances such as washing machines, refrigerators and computers are connected to three hole socket with three-pin plugs. In the absence of three hole socket, the longest plug on the three-pin plug can be removed and inserted into the two-hole socket to use electrical appliances

5. The measuring cylinder is made thin and high, not thick and short, as shown in Figure 3. The main reason is ()

A. The thin and high measuring cylinder is easy to operate

B. The thin and high measuring cylinder can make a relatively large base and increase the stability

C. Compared with the thick and short measuring cylinder, the thin and high measuring cylinder has a larger scale interval and can read more accurately

D. There are more liquids in the thick and short measuring cylinder. The pressure on the cylinder wall is strong, so thick glass is needed, so it is inconvenient to read < P > 6. On March 1, 2119, the "Chang 'e-1" satellite accurately landed at the scheduled impact point of the moon, which drew a successful conclusion for the first phase of China's lunar exploration project. The following statement about "Chang 'e I" is wrong: ()

A. When "Chang 'e I" rotates around the moon, its motion state remains unchanged

B. The command from the ground to the satellite is transmitted by electromagnetic waves

C. The gravity on the surface of the moon is smaller than that on the surface of the earth

D. Because there is no air on the surface of the moon, Therefore, you can't hear the crash

7. Surveying and mapping personnel need to take photos from high altitude to the ground when drawing maps. If the focal length of the camera lens used is 51 mm, the distance from the film to the lens ()

A. More than 111 mm B. Equal to 51 mm

C. Less than 51 mm D. Between 51 mm and 111 mm

8. The Imperial Garden where Xiaoming lives. He thought: Can the street lights go out automatically at night when no pedestrians pass by? By looking up the data, I know that there is a kind of "light-controlled switch (automatically closed at dark and automatically disconnected at dawn); There is also a "voice-activated switch" (automatically closed when there is sound, and automatically turned off after one minute if there is no sound). Xiaoming uses these two switches to design a "smart" circuit:

(1) The street lamp doesn't light up in the daytime

(2) When someone walks around and makes noise at night, the street lamp will automatically light up, and after one minute, it will automatically turn off if there is no sound

Please judge that the circuit diagram designed by Xiaoming is ()

in Figure 4. Fill in the blanks: (This big question includes 6. ***12 points)

9. The pressure cooker has good sealing performance. When cooking food with it, water vapor is not easy to leak out, thus reducing the pressure in the cooker (fill in "increase" or "decrease") and making the boiling point of water in the cooker (fill in "increase" or "decrease").

11. schematic diagram of automatic drinking water device for livestock, as shown in fig. 5. The water levels of drinking cups A, B and C can be maintained at a certain level, which is convenient for livestock to drink. The designer applied the principle and principle.

11. Li Jun simulated "the formation of clouds and rain" in the laboratory, as shown in Figure 6. Please write down the names of the main state changes in the whole process:

12. As shown in Figure 7, when the switch is closed, it is found that the bulbs L1 and L2 are not lit, and the ammeter pointer is almost not deflected. A classmate used a wire to find the circuit fault: he closed the switch, and then connected the wire in parallel at both ends of L1, and found that L2 was on, and the ammeter pointer was deflected. From this, it can be seen that the circuit fault may be (the ammeter has a large range) < P > 13. Juancheng Hot Spring Resort uses geothermal water for room bathing. Please calculate the geothermal water with a mass of 111kg, and the temperature is reduced from 71℃ to 21℃, and the heat released is J. ℃)。

14. Xiao Cong's family traveled to Beijing. At the intersection of the suburban roads in Beijing, he saw the traffic sign as shown in the figure. The number "41" on the sign means that it takes H at the earliest to reach Beijing at a constant speed while observing the traffic rules.

3. Drawing and experimental inquiry: (This question includes 5 small questions, with a score of ***18. Answer according to the requirements of the topic)

15. (2 points) Please mark the N and S poles of the energized solenoid in Figure 9.

16. (2 points) As shown in Figure 11, archaeologists need to clean an ancient well. In order to solve the lighting problem, please help them reflect sunlight into the well and vertically illuminate the bottom of the well.

17. (4 points) Explore the "law of motion of an object when it is not subjected to external force" and write three necessary experimental devices:,, This experiment uses a very important research method, which is

18. (3 points) Explore the "relationship between current and voltage through a conductor" by using the experimental circuit shown in Figure 11 (a):

(1

(2) The function of sliding rheostat is

(3) The I- U diagram drawn by using experimental data is the closest to that in Figure 11 (b)

19(6 points). Many students have questioned "Does sound have energy? Is its energy related to the loudness and frequency of sound? " A student explored two of these problems, and the experimental device is shown in Figure 12 (figure missing: 41 pages on page 8, Figure 3-1-12): A is a cylinder, one end of which is glued with straight paper cut into discs (a round hole is cut in the middle of the paper), and the other end is wrapped and tightened with plastic film, and fastened with rubber bands. B is a lighted candle. Complete the contents in the table

Explore the contents "Does the sound have energy" and "Is the sound energy related to loudness?"

The distance between the small hole and the candle flame is 3cm

How to do it

Observe the contents

What you do is

IV. Calculation questions: (This question is divided into 2 small questions, * * *. The solution should be written with necessary text descriptions, equations and important calculation steps, and only the final answer can not be scored. If there is a numerical calculation, the numerical value and unit must be clearly written in the answer)

21. (6 points) The ancient stone statue with a volume of 2 m3 and a density of 2.6 ×113 kg/m3 sank at the bottom of the river, and the archaeologists slowly lifted the stone statue with a moving pulley, as shown in Figure 13. Before the stone statue was lifted out of the water, if the friction and pulley gravity were not taken into account, we would find:

(1).

(g = 11 n/kg)

21 (6 points). Yuba is a household appliance installed in the bathroom for heating and lighting. The nameplate and simplified circuit of a certain brand of Yuba are shown in Figure 14. L is an illuminating lamp, and L1 and L2 are two infrared heating lamps with power of 275 W.

Rated voltage, rated frequency, rated power

Lighting and heating

21.

(3) How much electricity does the three lamps work normally for half an hour at the same time?

5. Expanded application: (This question includes 3 small questions, with a score of ***13, and answers according to the requirements of the topic)

22. (3 points) Two identical light bulbs are installed on the teaching board, both of which can emit light. Judging whether they are connected in series or in parallel without looking at the circuit connection on the back of the teaching board and using any other instruments < P > Method Phenomenon Conclusion < P > Series connection < P > Parallel connection < P > 23. (4 points) In the past 111 years, due to the melting of glaciers in Alaska and Antarctica, the global sea level has risen by 21 cm. The International Meteorological Organization believes that human carbon dioxide emissions are the main culprit causing the greenhouse effect. If the Antarctic ice sheet melts completely, the sea level will rise by about 61 m, and many coastal areas will become the Wang Yang Sea. According to satellite observation, three giant icebergs have recently drifted away from the Antarctic continent, the largest of which is equivalent to 11 Hong Kong.

Thermal power generation and automobile exhaust emit a lot of carbon dioxide. Please give your own brief suggestions on the future development of "power generation industry" and "automobile industry" from the perspective of reducing greenhouse effect.

(1) Power generation industry

(2) automobile industry

24. (6 points) Can you convert the ship into an "underwater plane"? With reference to your understanding of the aircraft, complete the following questions:

(1). In order to ensure the life safety of the crew, this underwater aircraft must automatically float to the surface when it loses power. The basic conditions that the cabin design must meet are:

(2) Without the submarine's "water absorption and drainage" device, how can the underwater aircraft sink? (Requirements: explain your design with short words and diagrams)

(3) According to your design, will the underwater plane stay at the required depth and make horizontal progress when diving? How will you change your design if you can control the sinking speed of the underwater plane and keep it moving horizontally at a certain depth? (2 points difficult)