As a large developing country, China's energy and environmental problems are particularly prominent. 2007, the 17th National Congress of the People's Republic of China (PRC) put forward for the first time the concept of "building an ecological civilization, and basically forming an industrial structure, growth mode, and consumption pattern that conserves energy and resources and protects the ecological environment", which points out the direction of sustainable development, and also makes people pay more attention to low-carbon economy.
Low-carbon economy is a key factor in the rise of the low-carbon economy, and it is also a major concern for people.
Low-carbon economy is the essence of high energy efficiency and clean energy structure, the core of energy technology innovation, institutional innovation and the fundamental change in the concept of human survival and development.
The development mode of low-carbon economy provides operational interpretation for energy saving and emission reduction, development of circular economy, and building a harmonious society, which is a comprehensive innovation and practice for the implementation of the scientific concept of development and the establishment of a conservation-oriented society, and is fully in line with the development ideas put forward in the report of the 17th National Congress, which is a global revolution involving the mode of production, life style and values.
The process of human existence is the process of consuming energy and discharging environmentally hazardous substances into nature. Carbon dioxide is the inevitable product of human consumption of energy and resources, and is also the culprit of the greenhouse effect and environmental problems. With the increase in the number of people and the activity of the energy of the rapid expansion of human activities have jeopardized the basis of their own survival.
Some data show that, as the world's largest energy consumer, the United States to the world's 6% of the population consumed 30% of the world's energy. And our energy consumption per unit of GDP is eight times that of Japan, and our population is several times that of the U.S. According to this pattern of development, we lack the ability to innovate in a lasting way, and environmental degradation and energy shortages will be the biggest bottlenecks in the process of China's development in the next 50 years. It has become an irreversible trend to implement energy saving and emission reduction, realize low-carbon development and build an ecological civilized society.
The Stern Report, led by former World Bank chief economist Nicholas Stern, pointed out that the world can avoid the loss of 5% to 20% of annual GDP in the future with the input of 1% of annual GDP, calling for a global transition to a low-carbon economy.
July 2007, the U.S. Senate proposed the Low Carbon Economy Bill, indicating that the path of development of a low-carbon economy is expected to become an important strategic choice for the U.S. in the future. The U.S. Senate introduced the Low Carbon Economy Act in July 2007, indicating that a low-carbon economic development path is expected to be an important strategic choice for the United States in the future. Germany, on the other hand, hopes that by 2020, its domestic low-carbon industry will surpass its automobile industry. The transition to a low-carbon economy has become a major trend in world economic development.
How can a low-carbon economy be realized?
Answer: "Accelerate the establishment of a low-carbon economic system"
As a high-energy-consuming country, we need to start from the intrinsic law of energy conservation, emission reduction and low-carbon development, and find out the origin of our huge social waste and environmental pollution. It is necessary to abandon the focus on building energy saving, coal efficient use of specific technical issues at the "use" level, while ignoring the "body" level of the chronic problems, such as the negative impact of the theory of consumption-driven economic growth, urban and rural spatial layout, the national way of life, etc. The huge waste in urban and rural spatial layout, national lifestyle and so on. Therefore, innovative thinking, change the concept, adhere to the combination of body and use, from the perspective of the overall view, system theory, in order to correctly understand and accelerate the development of low-carbon economy.
1. Advocating the formation of green consumption, green business philosophy, the formation of low-carbon lifestyle. It is necessary to change the concept of the public and society to do everything moderately appropriate and reasonable savings. For individuals, to cultivate the concept of saving is a virtue, and completely change such as catering waste and other bad habits contrary to energy saving and emission reduction; for enterprises, to implement the concept of green management, the establishment of cleaner production mechanisms and lean production methods; the state guides enterprises to include environmental costs in the cost of production, to help enterprises to establish a sense of corporate citizenship, and to solve the energy saving and emission reduction of no benefit of the misconception.
2. Solve the major waste problems lurking in the spatial pattern and social development pattern. Effective energy conservation and emission reduction must be a prerequisite for the relative concentration of industry, the relative concentration of industry in order to produce a specialized division of labor, improve efficiency, energy savings; at the same time, give rise to cluster innovation, and constantly produce new technologies, new processes, thereby reducing material consumption.
3. Cultivate venous industry and establish a complete industrialization system. The public's understanding of the circular economy system is still at the surface, basically understood as the utilization of waste residue, exhaust gas recovery and so on. The real circular economy system should be like the human body system, if the industrial manufacturing system is compared to the human body's arterial system, then, we have used the recycling of industrial manufactures should be like the human body's venous system. The recycling of industrial products --- "vein" industry should be a huge industry.
4. Vigorously develop low-carbon technology to solve the lack of independent innovation and talent. Low-carbon technologies include new technologies developed in the fields of renewable energy and new energy sources, clean and efficient utilization of coal, exploration and development of oil and gas resources and coalbed methane, and carbon dioxide capture and storage of new technologies for effective control of greenhouse gas emissions. It is necessary to strengthen independent innovation capabilities, encourage enterprises to develop low-carbon technologies and low-carbon products, and integrate existing low-carbon technologies in the market, and rapidly promote and apply them.
The accelerated development of low-carbon economy urgently needs a large number of cutting-edge scientific and technological talent and scientific and technological achievements to support. To the new energy field talent status quo, for example, at present, China's wind power industry by long-term professional and technical training of no more than 50 people. In China's "Renewable Energy Law" after the implementation of two years today, only the North China Electric Power University has established a renewable energy college. In addition, the traditional innovation achievement evaluation and certification system, there are some existing scientific system can not explain the results of the embarrassing reality can not be recognized. Future major scientific and technological achievements, is likely to come from self-taught scientists, in the face of the results of the existing scientific system can not be explained, should be taken "non-*** knowledge of the principle" combined with the empirical method to identify.
5. Accelerate the construction of cultural and creative industries. Cultural and creative industries are at the high end of the industrial value chain, such as technological innovation and research and development, and are a high value-added industry and a green industry with low carbon consumption. Vigorously developing cultural and creative service industry can create huge wealth for the society and at the same time avoid the problems of excessive energy consumption and environmental pollution.
6. Starting from rainwater and sewage diversion to manage urban pollution problems. China's county-level cities basically no rain sewage diversion facilities, large and medium-sized cities, rain sewage diversion facilities, although the amount of investment is very large, the implementation is not thorough enough, resulting in a large number of sewage treatment plants the fruits of their labor by the rain sewage diversion measures can not be thoroughly implemented, "a vote of no".
7. From China's energy structure, seize the main aspects of the conflict in order to improve the efficiency of energy conservation and emission reduction. China's energy consumption in the form of power consumption, rural heating and urban centralized heating consumption, electrical energy consumption of three, of which about 68% of the energy is converted into electrical energy by a variety of energy is consumed. And China's power system is generally characterized by inefficient operation and serious energy waste, especially in the two segments of power distribution and electricity consumption, with energy saving potential totaling 120 million kilowatts, accounting for 20% of China's electric energy. Focusing on the promotion of major independent innovation projects in the field of power distribution and consumption can greatly improve the efficiency of energy saving and emission reduction.
8. The core of the low-carbon economic path is to establish a renewable energy system in China and even the world, and ultimately realize the "high-carbon" era to the "low-carbon" era of the leap, the real realization of the harmonious development of man and nature.