Analysis of the current situation and problems of the development of Hunan's three-funded enterprise units

Opening up to the outside world is China's long-term basic national policy. After China's accession to the WTO, a comprehensive assessment of the current situation of the development of Hunan's three-funded enterprises, analyze the existing problems and summarize the successful experience, it is very important to promote the opening up to the outside world, and to better promote the further development of the three-funded economy in our province. We use the second basic unit census in Hunan Province (hereinafter referred to as "Kipu information"), industrial annual report information and related surveys on the development of three-funded enterprises in our province, the current situation, the problem is briefly analyzed for the relevant leaders and departments for reference.

I, the development of the current situation and characteristics

1. The total size of the expanding, complete development of industry categories." Since the Ninth Five-Year Plan", especially in recent years, the province's three-funded enterprises to develop faster, the total scale is expanding. Kip data show that on November 30, 2001, Hunan **** there are 994 three-funded enterprises, employing 109,700 people. Across the province's 14 cities and states, across 64 industries (categories), paid-in capital of 17.297 billion yuan, the year completed operating income of 19.421 billion yuan. From the geographical distribution of the province's three-funded enterprises, Changsha 421, accounting for 42.3% of the province; Xiangtan 91, accounting for 9.1% of the province; Zhuzhou 85, accounting for 8.5% of the province; Chenzhou 81, accounting for 8.1% of the province; Changde 72, accounting for 7.2% of the province; Hengyang 69, accounting for 6.9%; Yiyang 44, accounting for 4.4% of the province; Yueyang 42, accounting for 4.2%; Yongzhou 24, accounting for 4.2% of the province. 4.2%; 24 in Yongzhou, accounting for 2.4% of the province; 20 in Zhangjiajie, accounting for 2.0% of the province; 14 in Loudi, accounting for 1.4% of the province; 12 in Huaihua and Shaoyang, accounting for 1.2% of the province respectively; and 7 in Autonomous Prefectures, accounting for 0.7% of the province (see Figure 1). In terms of the industries involved in the province's three-funded enterprises, they are mainly concentrated in the food processing industry (73), the textile industry (29), the chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing industry (57), the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry (23), the electrical machinery, electronics and communication equipment manufacturing industry (42), the non-metallic mineral products industry (42), the wholesale, retail and catering industry (71), the real estate industry (171) and the hotel industry (40). The number of business units, employees and product sales revenue of these ten industries accounted for 55.1%, 55.5% and 55.7% of the total number of three-funded enterprises respectively.

2. The Kipu data show that more than 96% of the legal units of the three-funded enterprises in our province were established from 1991 to 2001. Among them: 29, or 3%, opened before the 1990s; 428, or 43%, opened between 91 and 95; and 537, or 54%, opened between 96 and 2001. As of November 30, 2001, the 29 three-funded enterprises that opened before the 1990s had 4,279 employees and paid-in capital of $6.07, accounting for 3.9% and 3.5% of all employees and paid-in capital in the industry; the 428 three-funded enterprises that opened between 91 and 95 had 52,898 employees and paid-in capital of $8.049 billion, accounting for 48% of all employees and paid-in capital in the industry; and the 428 three-funded enterprises that opened between 96 and 2001 accounted for 54%. 48.2% and 46.5% of all employees and paid-in capital; 537 three-funded enterprises opened from 96 to 2001, with 52,491 employees and paid-in capital of 864.1 million yuan, accounting for 47.9% and 50% of all employees and paid-in capital in the industry.

3. Information grouped by paid-in capital shows that on November 30, 2001, 508 of the 994 three-funded enterprises in the province had paid-in capital of less than 5 million yuan; 218 had 5-10 million yuan; 117 had 10-20 million yuan; 60 had 20-30 million yuan; 37 had 30-50 million yuan; and 37 had 50-100 million yuan. homes; 27 for $50-100 million; 13 for $100-200 million; 13 for $200-600 million; and 1 for $1.5 billion.

4. On November 30, 2001, there were 555 industrial enterprises among 994 three-funded enterprises in the province. In terms of the size of the three-funded industrial enterprises, 522 of them were small-sized enterprises, which accounted for 94% of the total number of enterprises; there were 20 medium-sized enterprises, which accounted for 3.6% of the total number of enterprises; 12 large-sized enterprises, which accounted for 2.1% of the total number of enterprises; and there was only one extra-large-sized enterprise in the province. According to the information of the annual report of industry, by the end of 2002, the number of industrial production units above the size of the province's three-funded industry has developed to 266. Employing 65,800 people, completed sales revenue of 16.264 billion yuan, realizing industrial added value of 5.108 billion yuan.

5. Another source of foreign capital, according to the information shows that on November 30, 2001, the province's 994 three-funded enterprises have 843 funds from foreign investment in Asia, paid-in capital of 12.732 billion yuan, accounting for the total number of three-funded enterprises and the total amount of paid-in capital of 84.8% and 73.6%. There is one foreign-invested enterprise from Africa with paid-in capital of 5 million dollars. There were 46 foreign-invested enterprises from Europe with paid-in capital of RMB 3.087 billion, accounting for 4.6% and 17.8% of the total number of three-funded enterprises and total paid-in capital. There were 5 foreign-invested enterprises from Latin America with paid-in capital of RMB 391 million, accounting for 0.5% and 2.3% of the total number of three-funded enterprises and total paid-in capital. There were 91 foreign-invested enterprises from North America, with paid-in capital of 1.021 billion yuan, accounting for 9.2% and 5.9% of the total number of three-funded enterprises and total paid-in capital. There are 8 foreign-invested enterprises from Oceania, with paid-in capital of 0.61 billion yuan, accounting for 0.8% and 0.4% of the total number of three-funded enterprises and total paid-in capital. Asian investments in our province include Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Macao, South Korea, the Philippines, Lebanon, the United Arab Emirates and Myanmar and other 12 countries and regions. Among them: Hong Kong, which has invested more in our province, has invested in 542 enterprises with an investment amount of 8.390 billion yuan; Taiwan has invested in 186 enterprises with an investment amount of 1.697 billion yuan; Japan has invested in 34 enterprises with an investment amount of 899 million yuan; Malaysia has invested in 17 enterprises with an investment amount of 818 million yuan; and Singapore has invested in 21 enterprises with an investment amount of 397 million yuan. Africa invested in our province, there is 1 country in South Africa, invested in 1 enterprise, the investment amount is 5 million dollars. Europe in our province invested in Belgium, Britain, Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, Belarus and Russia and other 12 countries and regions. Among them: more investment in the Netherlands invested in 6 enterprises, the investment amounted to 1.592 billion yuan; Sweden invested in 4 enterprises, the investment amounted to 585 million yuan; Germany invested in 5 enterprises, the investment amounted to 407 million yuan; the United Kingdom invested in 18 enterprises, the investment amounted to 267 million yuan. Latin America invested in our province in four countries and regions, including the Bahamas, the Cairo Islands, Panama and the British Virgin Islands. Among them: the largest investment is the Cayman Islands, although only 1 enterprise investment, investment amounted to 332 million yuan. North America in our province to invest in the United States and Canada 2 countries, the United States invested in 78 enterprises, investment amounted to 865 million yuan; Canada invested in 13 enterprises, investment amounted to 157 million yuan. Oceania There are 3 countries, Australia, New Zealand and Samoa, investing in our province. Among them, Australia invested 6 enterprises with an investment amount of 0.2 billion yuan.

As can be seen from the above, Hunan, as an inland province of China, has initially formed an all-round, multi-level and wide-area opening-up pattern and open economy foundation after 20 years of reform and opening-up, especially in the 1990s.

II. Problems

1. The total number of three-funded enterprises is small. As of November 30, 2001, Hunan **** there are 994 three-funded enterprises, compared with the neighboring provinces of Hubei, 1368 and Guangxi's 1,227 three-funded enterprises have an obvious gap, compared to Jiangsu every day the birth of 15 foreign-funded enterprises is out of reach of the speed of development.

2, the development of unbalanced, regional, enterprise differences are obvious, three-funded enterprises are too concentrated in the geographical distribution. In general, in recent years, the development of three-funded enterprises in our province is a good situation, but the development of unbalanced contradiction is still prominent, mainly in two aspects. First, the regional differences are obvious. Hunan's three-funded enterprises are mainly concentrated in Changsha, the provincial capital, with 421 enterprises, accounting for 42.3% of the province; followed by 91 enterprises in Xiangtan, accounting for 9.1% of the province; while there are only 7 enterprises in autonomous regions, accounting for less than 1% of the province. Secondly, the development disparity between enterprises is even greater, from the data of 2001, the small scale is less than 100,000 yuan, the large has more than 1.5 billion yuan; from the point of view of business income, the least less than 100,000 yuan, the most more than 2.8 billion yuan.

3, the enterprise scale is still small, the slow development of high-tech enterprises, industrial level is low. With the deepening of reform and opening up, in recent years, foreign investment in our province has increased substantially, large projects and high-tech projects increased significantly, but the overall scale and level of the three-funded industrial enterprises are still mainly small and medium-sized enterprises and labor-intensive. 2001, the province's three-funded industrial enterprises in the small and medium-sized enterprises accounted for 55% of the enterprises above the size of the enterprise accounted for 45% of a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises, low-technology enterprises are distributed in some of the A large number of SMEs and low-tech enterprises are located in some traditional labor- and capital-intensive industries. For example, in 2001, the number of production units in textile, garment, food processing, plastic products and retail catering industry alone accounted for 25.5% of the total number of three-funded enterprises in the province. The proportion of high-tech enterprises in the three-funded enterprises accounted for only 8%, the proportion of business income also accounted for only 22.3%. This shows that the province's three-funded industrial enterprise development potential is still very large, enterprise scale and industrial structure to be further optimized.

4. open economy is small, the use of foreign capital is very limited, and the structure and flow of foreign capital is not reasonable. 2001 November 30, Hunan's actual utilization of foreign capital of nearly 10 billion yuan, an average of each three-funded enterprises in the use of foreign capital of 10.06 million yuan. From the viewpoint of the industry of foreign capital flow, mainly to solve the problem of shortage of funds to introduce foreign capital (such as for real estate) the number of rising relatively large, while in the industry, technology upgrading and product renewal and modernization of the inflow of foreign capital is relatively small, especially in the traditional industrial sector, the level of its utilization of foreign capital for a long time in the state of hovering and decline. Some other industries, especially in the service industry in many areas (such as financial and insurance, electricity and agricultural services, education, health care, etc.) the use of foreign capital is extremely limited, the current degree of development is still not high, such as financial and insurance industry, the three-funded enterprises to carry out business in Hunan, only 3; postal and telecommunication industry, the three-funded enterprises also only 3; agricultural services, the three-funded enterprises of 0; education, the three-funded enterprises of 1; medical and health services, the three-funded enterprises of

Three Countermeasures and Suggestions

In the face of the accelerated internationalization of the economy, intensified market competition day and night, and the new situation of both opportunities and challenges, the overall idea of accelerating the development and growth of three-funded enterprises in the province should be as follows: taking the spirit of the 16th National Congress as a driving force, and the Three Represents as a guideline, we will further emancipate our mind, forge ahead, keep abreast of the times, and put more efforts into perfecting policies, improving the environment, optimizing services, etc. We will also make more efforts to improve the environment and optimize services, so as to enhance our economic and social development. Improve policies, improve the environment, optimize services and other aspects of more efforts to form a comprehensive, multi-level, wide-area opening up to the outside world and attracting investment in a new pattern. Strive in the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period to realize the province's three-funded enterprises from small to large, from weak to strong historic leap. Specific countermeasures are suggested as follows:

1. Emancipate the mind, recognize the situation, seize the opportunity for development. The province should further emancipate the mind, recognize the situation, with the "16" spirit as the driving force, the "Three Represents" as a guide, to further form a "big open, big development, big development" good atmosphere, to adapt to economic globalization and accession to the WTO's new situation, and seize a new round of international industrial capital accelerated transfer of capital and foreign investment in China and foreign investment surge, enthusiasm for the favorable development of the opportunity to give full play to their own advantages. Advantages, actively support and encourage state-owned enterprises, private enterprises to speed up the pace of foreign capital, broaden the use of foreign capital channels, the province's three-funded enterprise development to a new high tide.

2. Improve the policy, improve the environment, investment level. To further establish and improve the foreign-related economic regulations, and strive to create a high standard, in line with international practice, to adapt to the high level of foreign capital into the more perfect investment environment. In the investment "soft environment", we should strive to realize from preferential, supportive policies to institutional, functional policy-oriented changes, for foreign investors to create a good system and market environment, good supporting and service environment, good ecological and human environment. It is necessary to grasp a new round of infrastructure construction, select the theme of investment, encourage the development of high-tech projects, cultivate emerging industries, and form industrial characteristics. To continue to improve and strengthen investment strategies, methods and measures to put into practice, "business" to rely on "recruitment", "capital" to "attract", in the direction of investment, we must focus on the leading industries, the introduction of core enterprises, come in a will bring a string; in the creation of an investment environment, not only the service should be put in place, the environment should be beautiful, and more importantly to create a good entrepreneurial environment. Through the province up and down the *** with efforts to make our province become "attracted into, stay, develop fast" investor business, living in paradise and paradise.

3, cultivate talents, provide support to accelerate enterprise development." Talent is the first resource, who has the talent, who won the initiative"; "Today, the value of the enterprise depends on its talent, the market competition is the competition for talent, especially the competition for senior talent". Similarly, the speed of economic development in a region, good or bad depends on the number of its talent, the quality of how much, especially in today's rapidly changing science and technology, the trend of economic globalization to speed up the market competition is becoming increasingly fierce in the new economic era, the role of talent in the economic development has become more prominent and important. Talent acquisition, one depends on training, the second depends on the introduction, attracted, retained, used, and make the best use of talent, the key is to have a good policy, scientific incentives and rewards and punishment mechanism. Whether our province can win the initiative and better development in the new round of competition and challenges, continue to maintain the current good development trend, narrow the gap with developed provinces and cities, the cultivation and use of talent is the key. We must enhance the sense of urgency, accelerate the training and creation of a large number of high-quality all kinds of export-oriented economic development of talents for the development of three-funded enterprises to provide strong talent protection and support to adapt to and meet the development of three-funded enterprises on the growing demand for all kinds of talents.

4, pay attention to the problem, seriously solve, and promote healthy development. Local departments should attach great importance to and seriously solve the current development of the province's three-funded enterprises in the development of several issues that can not be ignored, the unbalanced development of the region, we must strengthen the classification and guidance, give full play to the comparative advantages of each place, the formation of a reasonable division of labor and layout, and strive to narrow the gap between the regions, the formation of the province's coordinated development of a new pattern. To enhance the three-funded enterprises, especially joint ventures, scientific and technological innovation, scientific and technological development, science and technology awareness and ability to develop enterprises, improve their market competitiveness, resilience and adaptability, and further enhance the vitality of the development of enterprises and vitality, and to promote sustained, rapid, efficient and healthy development of the province's three-funded enterprises.

In short, as long as we always keep a clear mind, high morale, seize the new opportunities for development, and avoid the shortcomings, the province's three-funded enterprises will certainly be able to achieve greater development in the new century for the province to build a moderately prosperous society, and to promote the province's industrial economy and even the national economy sustained, rapid and healthy development to make greater contributions.