Some big bankers said that the bank recently raised the threshold for compliance review of personal business loans, and the mortgage interest rate tightened, which penetrated the review of corporate funds. Among them, the speed of residential housing mortgage loans slowed down, and mortgage loans for shops and apartments with bad lots basically stopped.
Another big banker said that major banks have recently tightened their housing-related loans. The flow of real estate loan funds is the focus of inspection. "We checked once before, and now we have to check for the second time. We must check all the lines. The real estate mortgage loan in the real estate business is the focus of inspection. "
"Mortgage" has become one of the important risk mitigation measures for small and micro enterprise loans. Coupled with the means of big data risk control, some banks have made mortgage loans online, and their scale has grown rapidly. The bank's semi-annual report shows that as of the end of June, personal business loans of ICBC and Agricultural Bank increased by 25.8% and 24.4% year-on-year, loans of CCB inclusive finance increased by 295.754 billion yuan compared with the end of last year, and loans of BOC Pratt & Whitney Small and Micro Enterprises increased by 39% year-on-year.
Increased compliance requirements
For the reasons for the tightening of personal business loans, industry insiders pointed out that on the one hand, the regulatory compliance requirements for housing loans and other businesses are constantly improving; On the other hand, the pace of bank credit supply slowed down after the third quarter, and the peak of credit supply was concentrated in the first and second quarters.
In recent years, taking personal property as collateral has become one of the means for small and micro enterprises to avoid risks. At the policy level, the mortgage business has been rapidly promoted in major banks under the requirements of speeding up small and micro loans and supporting the real economy. Bank mortgage loans are mostly personal business loans or mortgage business loans for small and micro enterprises. At present, large state-owned banks and joint-stock banks have mortgage business, and some joint-stock banks have even slightly liberalized secondary mortgages since last year.
Some insiders said that the real estate market in first-tier cities such as Shenzhen has a high degree of financialization and active trading volume. If the capital flow of enterprises is tight, many small and micro enterprise owners will mortgage their properties to banks to obtain funds. In recent years, after increasing investment in financial technology, banks have provided mortgage guarantees for houses under personal names through the Internet, and the scale of RMB loans applied to banks for personal consumption, business and other purposes has also increased rapidly.
However, after the rapid expansion of the mortgage scale, some of the alleged funds flowed into the property market, which attracted supervision and market attention. In April this year, many regulatory authorities issued a notice to strictly investigate the illegal inflow of housing loan funds into the real estate market.
For example, Shenzhen Banking Insurance Supervision Branch and Shenzhen People's Bank require strengthening the monitoring of the use of real estate mortgage funds, and may not flow into the real estate sector in violation of regulations. Banks are required to carry out a comprehensive investigation quickly, and loans found to be illegally misappropriated in the real estate sector should be recovered within a time limit. In order to find out the illegal inflow of mortgage, personal consumption loan and business loan into the real estate market, Sichuan Banking Insurance Supervision Branch asked some banks to provide cases and detailed data, especially the inflow of real estate mortgage into the real estate market since the epidemic.
Xiao, the chief risk officer and spokesperson of the China Banking Regulatory Commission, also responded to the issue of "mortgage" in Shenzhen at the press conference on the operation and development of the banking and insurance industry in the first quarter, saying that banks are required to monitor the flow of funds, whether they are mortgage loans or commercial loans, to ensure that funds flow to the target at the time of application, and if they flow to the real estate market, they must resolutely correct them.
Subsequently, in July this year 15, Shenzhen's real estate control policy was upgraded. Among them, the housing mortgage contract should be signed online through the real estate information platform. In September, the marriage information inquiry mechanism was launched to block the loopholes in "fake divorce" real estate speculation. Under strict control, the second-hand housing market in Shenzhen and other places was quickly frozen. According to data from Shenzhen Zhongyuan, in September, 8577 sets of second-hand houses were sold in Shenzhen, down 24.2% from the previous month.
A person from a big bank in Shenzhen said that the current housing loan business needs to be penetrated to see the capital flow of enterprises and the final capital flow, and the housing loan requirements are more stringent than before.
Mortgage loans have grown rapidly.
Due to the complexity of real estate transactions, the types of real estate that can be mortgaged to banks include houses, shops and apartments. And the loan flow is mainly for small and micro enterprises and personal consumption.
Recently, some big banks in Shenzhen have tightened their mortgage, some big banks have slowed down the mortgage of residential houses, and the mortgage of shops and apartments with bad lots has basically stopped.
Housing mortgage loan policy changes frequently. For example, in June this year, affected by the "dispute over deep and high degrees", a list of 96 risky single apartments appeared in Shenzhen. Relevant banks said that they should "pay close attention to the price fluctuation of such projects and prudently carry out mortgage loans".
In recent years, the rapid growth of bank mortgage loans has become one of the important ways for small and micro enterprises to increase loans. Some banks have made mortgage loans online.
According to the bank's semi-annual report, among the four major banks, as of the end of June, ICBC's personal business loans increased by 89.263 billion yuan, an increase of 25.8%, mainly due to the rapid growth of online loan products in the Pratt & Whitney field such as fast business loans and e-to-fast loans. By the end of June, the loan balance of China Construction Bank in inclusive finance was 65.438+0.258909 billion yuan, an increase of 295.754 billion yuan over the end of last year. The balance of inclusive small and micro enterprise loans of China Bank was 525.4 billion yuan, up 39% year-on-year. Agricultural Bank of China's personal business loans increased by 24.4% compared with the end of last year.
According to official website, ICBC operates fast loans to provide online financing for small and micro customers. The maximum loan amount for a single household is 5 million yuan. By providing credit enhancement measures such as mortgage and pledge, the maximum loan amount can reach100000 yuan. Application channels include mobile banking, customs single window platform, and State Grid Power Online Banking. E The maximum amount of single-family mortgage loans in listed cities is not more than 5 million yuan, among which the maximum amount of single-family mortgage loans in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Xiamen, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Suzhou, Dongguan, Chongqing and Zhengzhou is not more than 6,543,800 yuan.
According to the website of Bank of China, the bank's "personal business loan" can be used for both project operation and capital turnover, and the amount is generally not more than 5 million yuan, and the longest is not more than 5 years. Support real estate mortgage, pledge of valuable rights, guarantee, credit and other guarantee methods. In addition, the maximum amount of "personal commercial housing loan" is 50% of the total price of the purchased commercial housing (the principle of lower evaluation price and transaction price is implemented for personal second-hand commercial housing), and the longest loan period for personal commercial housing is 10 year.