on the improvement of logistics transportation efficiency of Chinese enterprises Abstract: Based on the analysis of the present situation of logistics transportation industry in China, this paper makes an in-depth discussion on the factors affecting logistics transportation efficiency in China, such as infrastructure, management departments, logistics concepts, professionals, etc., and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions on how to improve logistics transportation efficiency in China. Keywords: logistics; Transportation; Efficiency; Factor logistics transportation is the pillar of the whole logistics system, and the improvement of logistics transportation efficiency is the main way to reduce the total cost of social logistics. At present, China's logistics and transportation market has just come out of its infancy, but the low efficiency of logistics and transportation is still an unsolved problem. Finding out the main factors affecting transportation efficiency and making up for its shortcomings will play a positive role in promoting the rapid development of China's logistics industry. First, the status quo of China's logistics transportation industry 1. The logistics transportation cost is high, and the transportation cost accounts for a large proportion of the total logistics cost. Even in developed countries in Europe, transportation costs generally account for more than one-third of the total logistics costs. However, the logistics transportation cost in China has been high. According to the statistics of China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing on the national logistics operation in 2114, in 2114, the total cost of social logistics in China was 2,911.4 billion yuan, accounting for 21.3% of GDP, which was 1 times higher than the average level of developed countries, among which the transportation cost was 1,655.8 billion yuan, accounting for 56.9% of the total cost of social logistics. At present, many commercial enterprises in China spend as much as 41% ~ 51% more on logistics and transportation than those in the United States. In 2117, an Italian survey organization "Asia Observer" conducted a survey, which showed that China is one of the countries with the highest logistics and transportation costs in the world, and the annual capital spent on logistics and transportation is as high as $211 billion, which is twice that of the United States. 2. Long logistics transportation time and low capital turnover rate According to statistics, in recent years, Chinese manufacturing enterprises spend about 91% of their time on logistics. And production only accounts for about 11%. The long transportation time leads to the low turnover rate of working capital in China. The distribution of working capital turnover rate in China ranges from 1.2 in state-owned industrial enterprises to 2.3 in state-owned commercial enterprises, with an average of 1.5 ~ 21 in the United States, and some large multinational enterprises can achieve 31. 3. The operation level of logistics and transportation enterprises is not high. At present, most logistics and transportation enterprises in China are transformed from traditional warehousing and transportation enterprises, and there is no qualitative improvement in management level, technical strength and service scope. In addition, on the whole, logistics enterprises in China generally have the phenomena of small scale of operation, small market share, single service function, insufficient operation experience, low degree of informatization and lack of high-quality talents, and their overall operation level is low, lacking advanced management concepts and talents. Through the above analysis, we can see that compared with some developed countries, China's logistics transportation industry has high overall cost and low efficiency. To solve this problem, we must first analyze the factors that affect the efficiency of logistics and transportation in China. 2. Factors affecting the efficiency of China's logistics and transportation 1. Infrastructure In recent years, the Chinese government has invested a lot of money in infrastructure construction, especially in the central and western regions, which not only requires a lot of money but also takes a long time. Therefore, China's infrastructure construction still lags behind the needs of economic development, especially in the transportation of logistics industry. At present, the most common mode of transportation in China is highway, followed by railway, sea and air. The cost of road transportation is generally higher than that of railway transportation and sea transportation, but road transportation is still the preferred mode of transportation for many enterprises. This is because road transportation can control the delivery time and flexibility, and at the same time ensure the delivery status of goods to the maximum extent. At present, China has invested tens of billions of dollars to upgrade the highway transportation network. By the end of 2116, the total highway mileage in China has reached 3,457,111 kilometers, and the mileage of expressway has increased by 4,334 kilometers. The main economic regions and four economic center provinces have been connected, and the coastal coastline and the Yangtze River will be realized, and the highway lines from Lanzhou to Lianyungang and from Beijing to Guangzhou will be realized. However, there are many problems in China's highway transportation, such as overload transportation, poor service quality, insufficient preventive maintenance, lack of quality control, unreasonable price agreement and high no-load rate, which leads to the annual loss of China's logistics transportation industry as high as 8 billion US dollars. Before 1997, railway transportation was responsible for the transportation of most materials in China. However, after 1997, especially in recent years, with the continuous development of road transportation, less-than-truckload goods were basically replaced by road transportation. However, for cereals, coal and large-scale overweight and long equipment, railway transportation is still the most economical mode of transportation. Nowadays, railway transportation mode is rarely given priority. Apart from the shortage of freight capacity and quality of service, the main reason is that railway construction is not perfect. This is not only a problem in China's logistics transportation industry. Accenture's research report shows that there is a shortage of 25% ~ 31% in railway freight transportation, because there are no railways in about 2,111 cities in the world. These problems come down to the lack of laying railway lines. For example, ports and factories usually lack joint transportation ports and railway feeder lines. Without joint transportation, containers cannot be directly transferred from trains to freight cars. Without railway feeder lines, goods must be operated twice at loading and unloading points, which increases the probability of damage, which makes it impossible to choose railway transportation. At present, maritime transport is a mode of transport often used in import and export trade activities. However, shipping is not suitable for the transportation of time-sensitive goods and finished goods. It is suitable for bulk goods and goods that need long-distance transportation, but it still needs more complete infrastructure, otherwise it will be difficult for this method to play its role efficiently. The cost of air transportation is relatively high, but the time is short, which is suitable for the transportation of articles with short time limit and urgently needed commercial or disaster relief articles. At present, there are still the following problems in air freight behavior: high price, few routes, information blockage between consignors and airlines, unbalanced network distribution of routes, messy routes and poor planning. 2. Logistics Management Department China's logistics management departments are fragmented, and it is difficult to form a joint logistics and transportation force. For example, transportation resources such as railways, highways, waterways and aviation are directly under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Railways, the Ministry of Communications and the General Administration of Aviation, and all departments have their own logistics systems, logistics facilities and resources. It is difficult for all departments to form a joint logistics force for their own interests, and it is impossible to make strategic considerations for the overall development of logistics and transportation. The dispersion of logistics management and resources has greatly weakened the overall function of logistics, hindered the development of logistics transportation industry and made it difficult to form a social logistics distribution system. This compartmentalized management system has formed a top-down vertical subordination and management pattern, which seriously restricts the rational overall planning and planning of logistics and transportation in the whole society, hinders the socialization process of logistics and transportation, and cannot give full play to the overall efficiency of logistics and transportation. 3. The concept of logistics and transportation In the thoughts of some managers of logistics and transportation enterprises, there are still three kinds of consciousness occupying a place in their thoughts, and it is precisely because of these three old concepts that logistics and transportation are inefficient. First, "value profit over righteousness". When negotiating with customers, we always consider the cost and price, but not the quality of service. There are many one-off transactions and there is a lack of stable customer relationship. Second, "closed to the outside world." Some logistics enterprises regard business information as the source of secrets and profits, which are not easily leaked or shared. This awareness will lead some logistics enterprises to temporarily store the goods to be transported because of their limited transportation capacity, while others will idle a large number of equipment and personnel, resulting in a serious waste of resources. Third, "fragmented". At present, the phenomenon of "going it alone" in the logistics transportation industry is serious, and the idea of joint transportation between enterprises is very weak, and it is often the combination of various modes of transportation that can exert the greatest effect of joint transportation. 4. Logistics professionals In the past, people paid too much attention to the growth of value in the process of manufacturing, but ignored the rich profits brought by the high efficiency of logistics and transportation, thus causing domestic research and education on logistics to lag behind the needs of the times. At present, there is still a shortage of logistics talents in China. According to the survey data, at present, only 2L% of logistics employees in China have a college degree, and more than 51% have a high school education, a secondary school education and a secondary vocational education. In fact, what China lacks most is not personnel who are specifically engaged in logistics and transportation operations, but high-quality talents who have a solid theoretical foundation in logistics and transportation and know how to manage and operate.