No matter what kind of program host, it is inseparable from speaking, because speaking is not only the most important and direct means for the host to express the program content, but also an important aspect of the host's personality and talent.
For broadcast hosts, it goes without saying that audio language is the only means to express the content of the program, but for TV hosts, audio language is not the only way to communicate with the audience, because through TV pictures, the host's eyes, expressions, posture, gestures, decorations, etc. may be related to the content of the program, so as to better communicate with the audience. Therefore, the use of nonverbal information is very important for TV hosts. Nonverbal information is called body language, body language, body language, behavior language, etc. For oral language, the above terms are transformed languages, that is, they are not real languages, but they can play an ideographic role.
The research results of behavioral scientists and linguists show that most human communication modes are realized by gestures, postures, positions and distances. No matter in the office, banquet or TV, there are nonverbal messages wherever people are active. It is also found that most basic communication gestures in today's world are the same, such as laughing when you are happy, frowning or frowning when you are sad or angry, nodding to indicate yes or yes, shaking your head to indicate no or no, waving to indicate, waving to indicate departure and so on.
However, in different cultural backgrounds, there are also differences in non-verbal parts. As a living person, the host is dominated by the general rules of nonverbal information in his life. As mass communicators, the nonverbal information they use should be refined to meet the requirements of comprehension and accuracy, and adopt a general posture that the audience can understand without misunderstanding or making inappropriate gestures, which requires TV hosts to pay attention to learning and mastering the knowledge and skills of nonverbal communication.
Up to now, scholars have discovered and recorded nearly one million kinds of body language signals, and it is impossible for TV program hosts to use them all. The usage of body language is related to economic and cultural classes. Generally speaking, people with higher economic and cultural level can express themselves clearly in oral or written language and use less body language; People with lower economic and cultural classes use body language more to express their meaning, while TV hosts should not ignore the use of nonverbal information, but should be rigid and monotonous, and should not dance, and excessive use of nonverbal information is low-level. The TV host pays attention to the frequently used nonverbal information, which is generally as follows: 1. Distance: The distance here mainly refers to the distance between the host and the interviewee, and between the participants and the audience in the broadcast.
A lot of scientific research has proved that there is the concept of private space in human beings. Due to the differences in economic and cultural backgrounds, the scope of the private sphere is different. For example, China and Japanese are used to narrowing the geographical distance, while westerners prefer greater geographical distance.
Therefore, the host should keep a proper distance from others in his work. First, don't get too close, especially don't easily enter the intimate area, so as not to invade other people's private space and cause others' disgust. Second, don't be too far away to make people feel strange. In most cases, the spatial distance between the host and others is between the private area and the social area, that is, about 1 meter. It depends on the content and form of the program, gender and host style. If the interviewee is a leader, you should keep a little distance. If the interviewee is familiar or old, you can keep a little distance, but you must never invade the private area of the interviewee. If he takes care of it,
The distance between the owner's body and others is a kind of non-verbal information. Not only their collaborators, but also the audience can see their education level from the distance of the host's holding space.
Second, shake hands:
In the process of communication, modern people shake hands as a polite greeting, and TV hosts inevitably often encounter handshakes in their work. When the host shakes hands as nonverbal information, there are three points to pay attention to:
First, you have to reach out first. Shaking hands is a habit accepted by the public. In life, when you meet a person for the first time, or an unfamiliar person, whoever reaches out first often hesitates. Some people will hesitate before reaching out: "am I popular with each other?" Or "Does the other person like me?" If it is positive, it will actively and enthusiastically reach out and shake hands with each other. If you are not sure, you will hesitate and generally respond immediately after the other party reaches out; If it is negative, it will not reach out first. Because it is unwise or even counterproductive to reach out first in this case, the host can't do so. It is a professional behavior for the host to shake hands with the interviewee or those who participate in the broadcast of the program, and it is a welcome to the collaborators. No matter whether the other party welcomes himself or not, he should welcome him. Therefore, under normal circumstances, he should extend a warm hand.
Second, shake hands on an equal footing. When shaking hands with the other party, the host should generally not take the dominant style, but be calm and modest, because you respect others and others will respect you, which is conducive to developing good business activities.
Many TV hosts ignore the information that can be expressed by shaking hands, which is a manifestation of lack of careful observation and conscious exercise. In fact, handshake is an important aspect of using nonverbal information. Handshake, a nonverbal message used by TV hosts, has no direct contact with the audience, but it affects the cooperators and thus the communication activities.
Third, the eyes
Eyes are the clearest and most correct signal in human communication, because eyes are the focus of human body. People usually say "eyes are the windows to the soul", "her eyes can talk" and "his eyes are uncertain", which all mean that eyes play a huge role in human behavior. When studying how to strengthen communication with eyes, relevant experts divide their eyes into the following categories: staring at business, staring at socializing, staring at intimacy, and glancing gently.
The eyes of TV hosts are usually between social gaze and intimate gaze, that is to say, slightly more intimate than general social gaze and slightly more serious than intimate gaze. Some people use eyes that get down to business, such as visiting senior leaders or talking about major political issues, but generally you don't need such a glance.
The owner's eyes are an important aspect of nonverbal information. In most cases, eyes and facial expressions, as well as mood and intonation are used together. Strengthening communication with eyes is something that everyone will encounter and do, but for the host, this kind of communication goes beyond the scope of daily life and brings professional significance. Actors' performance with their eyes is a very high acting skill and an important means to shape characters. The host is not an actor, nor does he have to play with his eyes like an actor, but his eyes are real and natural. Some hosts look too enthusiastic and intimate; Or too cold and boring; Or the eyes are too big and unlucky, and the eyes are scattered; Or looking around, inattention, etc., are all related to their lack of skills to convey information with their eyes. To acquire this skill, we must first have a correct and rational understanding of the role of eyes in expressing feelings, and then consciously do appropriate exercises and practices.
Fourth, smile:
Everyone will make a quick response to external stimuli, and this response is often first revealed from the face. Even if the foot is touched, although the foot hurts, the face will frown or grin. When you hear a funny thing, although the news comes from your ear, your face will laugh at once. People all over the world, no matter how different their cultural backgrounds are, almost all express themselves with laughter.
Laughter can be divided into laughter, guffaw, smile and sneer. Every smile conveys a different message. The smile of the host is usually a smile, not a laugh, not a laugh or a sneer.
Smiling conveys a lot of information. Due to different occasions and occasions, it expresses many meanings such as pleasure, friendliness, kindness, approval and welcome. There are generally two kinds of smiles of the host: as far as the host's personality is concerned, there are natural smiles and dislikes; As far as the content of the program is concerned, there are serious and lively. So there is a problem of mastering laughter.
Everyone can laugh and laugh, but people who like to laugh but don't like to laugh are different. People who love to laugh generally give people a pleasant, cordial or sweet feeling, while those who don't love to laugh will inevitably give people a serious or indifferent feeling. How should the host master the punchline? You'd better ask someone else, especially someone you know well. I laugh more or less in the program, what is their evaluation, and then consciously adjust the natural smile. Generally speaking, you should let nature take its course, and don't force yourself if you don't like to laugh. If you are too reluctant, people will think that you are not smiling and the effect is not good. Of course, people who love to laugh should also be good at controlling, especially serious programs. Too many smiles often spoil the overall effect of the program. Generally speaking, grinning is much more informative than smiling with your mouth open, which is an important skill that the host, especially the hostess, should learn and master.
A TV host can't help laughing when he stands up, and can't help asking about the content and object of the program. Imagine how the audience would feel if Zhang and Luo Jing of CCTV were allowed to broadcast the news with smiles and Ju Ping was allowed to preside over the Tangram with a straight face. I'm afraid everyone will feel uncomfortable. It can be seen that the host's "smile" is not only natural, but also limited by the content and style of the program.
The TV host's mastery of "laughter" is also related to the audio language. Apart from being polite, the host is required to smile properly. In most cases, it is because the content of the program requires the host to cooperate with the smile, so that talking and smiling, expressing meaning and expressing feelings can be integrated.
Above, we have an understanding of nonverbal information. Let's talk about nonverbal communication skills.
TV hosts have the knowledge and skills of nonverbal communication, which is conducive to expressing emotions in the host program. Ignoring nonverbal communication or using inappropriate nonverbal information will also affect the program effect and the host's own image to varying degrees.
A competent host will not only send out accurate and concise nonverbal information, but also judge his degree of participation from the nonverbal information sent by partners or attendees and make corresponding adjustments.
The host's nonverbal communication skills are divided into two parts: talent and acquisition. The host's innate nonverbal communication ability is different, and the acquired nonverbal communication ability is also different. First of all, the host should accurately use the body posture that can show his personality characteristics. If a TV host wants to show a public image with individual characteristics, he should first discover and examine himself, and ask a few more people to describe you in the least words from your posture or behavior characteristics. They will probably associate you with such characteristics as "chic", "putting on airs" and "quick action". If you want to show that you are naturally cheerful and optimistic, then. If you want to look like a knowledgeable professor, how do you use your hands? In short, think about what gestures can help you in non-verbal systems besides verbal systems, for example, use your smile, hurried tone and flamboyant gait to highlight your cheerful nature. Generally speaking, TV hosts should have at least two or three effective and readily available gestures to help convey nonverbal information. Of course, these gestures should be born, not acquired. No TV host should try to use physical features that he doesn't have, otherwise it will make the host and the program look neither fish nor fowl.
The host should not only accurately choose the posture that can show his personality characteristics, but also pay attention to learning body language, because among TV hosts, they lack the knowledge of nonverbal communication and ignore the posture. The phenomenon of transmitting information by action is still widespread. Some people lack this awareness and ignore learning and exercise as nature. Some people don't know the advantages and disadvantages of improper use, and so on, but they don't understand that body language is a gift, but they should learn it. For TV hosts, this kind of study has gone beyond the needs of daily life and become the needs of work.
The method of learning body language is observation and experiment. As long as people are active, people are using body movements and non-verbal information. At stations and docks, people's anxiety, happiness, anxiety, impatience and anger are obvious, and various parties and banquets are also ideal places to observe nonverbal information. The host should observe carefully in daily life.
TV hosts can also learn body language from the TV itself. They can learn nonverbal communication skills from others, that is, turn off the language sound, try to guess and understand the content only from the body posture shown in the image, and turn on the sound every once in a while to test whether their understanding is correct. You can also learn from your own practice and compare with others to see if your nonverbal communication is correct, wonderful and inappropriate, and whether you use it more or less. Over time, nonverbal communication will become a habit, so you can take the initiative to master it and make it one of the means to realize your communication service.
The so-called "change with each passing day, accumulate over a long period of time" means that there are some learning achievements every day and some learning progress every month. Accumulate over a long period of time is really beneficial. To study and exercise, we must stick to the end. Knowledge lies in accumulation and will lies in exercise. For a dedicated host, he should actively and assiduously exercise on the basis of his inherent temperament and existing knowledge, and use years and decades of efforts to win success again and again in front of the microphone on the screen. [Source: Paper World lunwentianxia.com, Paper Net]