The contents of the above components are not required to be written into any standard, and whether a standard should include those contents depends on the characteristics of the standardized object and the purpose of formulating the standard. Its contents and writing order are as follows:
Overview elements: cover, table of contents, preface, introduction and home page.
Standard elements: general elements and technical elements.
General elements: standard name, scope and reference standard.
Technical elements: definition, symbols and abbreviations, technical requirements, …, standard appendix.
Supplementary elements: appendices, footnotes and explanatory summary elements of the standard are used to give readers a general understanding of the approval, release and implementation time of the standard itself. The title of the standard chapter, the reason and process of standard formulation and its relationship with related standards are briefly described as follows:
1) cover
On the cover of China standard, the standard code name, standard name (national standard and British standard products), standard release and implementation date, standard release department, etc. It should be noted that the cover of national standards should also have the International Standard Classification Number (ICS).
When adopting international standards, the standard cover should be listed below the China standard number, indicating the adopted international standard number and the degree of adoption, such as
GBxxx— 19xx
IDT ISOXXX: 19xx (equivalent)
JBxxx— 19xx
EqV IECxxx: 19xx, etc.
The format, font and symbol specifications of the cover shall be in accordance with GB 1.2.
2) Content
When the content of the standard is long, the structure is complex, and there are many provisions (generally more than 15 pages), a catalogue should be compiled. The content includes the number, title and page number of the main unit (usually chapter) and appendix of the article. When the content exceeds two pages, it should be numbered separately, but it is not continuous with the page number of the standard article. The page number of the content should be put in brackets to show the difference.
3) Preface
Each standard should have a preface, so that users of the standard can correctly understand the relevant situation of the standard.
The "preface" consists of a special edition and a basic edition, and the "special edition" should generally compile the version and degree of adopting international standards or advanced foreign standards; Differences in technical contents between standard documents and adopted documents and their reasons; A description of the changes in the important technical contents of the previous version of the standard; Relationship with other standard documents; Implementing transitional requirements; If there are appendices, please also explain which are standard appendices and which are tips. "Basic part" mainly refers to the suggested part of the standard, the centralized unit, the drafting unit, the main drafters (generally no more than 5 people, up to 7 people), and the year when the standard was first released, revised or submitted for trial. And the entrusted interpretation unit.
If international standards, foreign advanced standards and other standard documents are adopted, the "Preface" of the original standard document should be retained, and its titles "ISO Preface" and "DIN Preface" should be given.
4) Introduction
The "Introduction" is written before the first chapter "Scope" of the "Home Page". There is generally no title and number. Mainly write about the technical content of the standard and the special information about the reasons for formulating the standard. But it cannot include technical requirements. If not, it can be omitted.
5) Home page
Considering that the standard bound volume has only one cover, the standard name, standard number and alternative standard number, release and implementation time, and the degree of adoption of standards are also indicated at the "top" and "foot" of the first page. Its format conforms to GB 1.2. This part is the main body of the standard, which stipulates the requirements of the standard and the terms that must be implemented. It consists of standard "general elements" and "technical elements", which are briefly introduced as follows:
1) general elements
① Standard name
The name of the standard is the general title of the standard, which should be able to concisely and accurately explain that the theme of the standard directly reflects the characteristics and scope of the standardized object and is different from other standards. China's standard names are generally composed of the names and technical characteristics of standardized objects. The technical features in standard names shall be expressed in standardized terms. If several parts of a standard are issued by a standard serial number, the standard should have a common name, each independent part should be named separately, and the two names should be separated.
When necessary, it can be composed of three independent parts, and the general sorting procedure should be from overall to specific, namely:
A, the guiding part points out the general field to which the standard belongs.
B, the main part points out the problems stipulated in the standard.
C. The supplementary part points out one of the main problems targeted by the standard. For example:
Piston ring oil ring of internal combustion engine
Vocabulary of fork arm of forklift hook
Rolling bearing, self-aligning ball bearing, external dimensions, etc.
② scope
That is, the main content and scope of use specified in the standard are the first chapter of the standard text, which is an important symbol that distinguishes the standard from other technical documents, but it should not include requirements.
The expression of "theme content" should use the following typical terms:
"This standard stipulates that ...".
This standard defines the term …
The expression of "scope of application" should explain the scope of application or application field of the standard, and clearly write out the scope or field that is not applicable when necessary. The following typical terms are usually used.
This standard applies to.
This standard is applicable to … as well as …
This standard is applicable to ... and can also be implemented by reference.
This standard does not apply to.
③ Reference standard
Quoting standards means "quoting one or more standards in standards or regulations to replace detailed provisions". (GB/T 1.22 Provisions on Citation Standards)
Generally, the relevant standards directly cited in this standard and those used in combination with this standard are cited. This can not only scientifically and simply compile standards, but also help to coordinate related standards. Departments and units that are conducive to the implementation of standards. GB/T 1.22 stipulates the basic principles, requirements and expression methods of citation standards.
Technical regulations issued by relevant industry authorities (i.e. rules and specifications of similar standards) can be cited, but draft standards, outdated standards and documents and information materials for reference only are not allowed to be cited.
2) Technical elements
definition
If it is necessary to define some terms used in the standard, the following typical expressions should be adopted:
"This standard adopts the following definitions".
Symbols and abbreviations
If necessary, this chapter should list the symbols and abbreviations in the understanding standard, which can be merged with the chapter "Definitions" with the title "Definitions, symbols and abbreviations".
technical requirement
This part of the content should be compiled according to the structural characteristics and needs of various standards, in accordance with the provisions on the preparation of product standards, the provisions on the preparation of chemical analysis methods standards, and the provisions on the preparation of terminology standards. (For details, please refer to the third section of this chapter, the writing methods of various standards).
Standard appendix
The appendix of the standard is an inseparable part of the standard, which mainly refers to the supplement to the technical content of the standard, and is essentially equivalent to an integral part of the technical content. Only when there are too many technical contents, it is inconvenient to write or read, it is written behind the standard provisions.
3), supplementary elements
Supplementary elements include appendices, footnotes, notes in articles, table notes, chart notes and instructions for use; Now explain the writing separately.
1) Prompt appendix
The suggested appendix is the basis for expressing important clauses in the standard, a systematic introduction to specialized technical issues, a reference or recommendation method for relevant clauses in the standard, and an explanation for the correct use of the standard. The main purpose of compiling "reference" is to guide and help readers to understand the technical content of the standard and master and use the standard correctly, but it is not a part of the standard text.
It is usually written after the standard appendix and numbered together with the standard appendix, such as Appendix A, Appendix B ... in the catalogue.
2) Footnote: a note in the clause. Chart notes and explanatory notes.
Footnote: A note in the text. Table notes and drawing notes are collectively referred to as "notes" in the standard, and should be avoided or used sparingly as far as possible. They can only be used as necessary brief descriptions and explanations of some provisions in the standard, and should not be used to stipulate or change the technical requirements and indicators of the standard by means of "notes".
Footnote: It is usually only used to explain a word or a sentence in the standard terms and provide readers with information to understand the standard word or sentence. The way of expression is to use Arabic numerals with half brackets in the upper right corner of the note, such as 1), 2) ... and then at the lower left of the same page, there is a thin solid line with the length of 1/4 pages, which is separated from the standard text; Pay attention to the following line in turn.
The notes in the article are explanations of the article. Generally, it is directly connected to the bottom of the article. Write the word "Remarks" in the two spaces on the left, and use a colon: then write the specific content of the remarks.
Table notes and graphic notes may contain technical requirements. "Table Note" should be written directly in the table frame. After "Note:", the contents of notes and legends are written, which are generally located between the bottom of the drawing and the top of the drawing name, and the notes of each table or drawing are numbered separately.
When adopting international standards equivalently, minor differences in technical contents should be numbered with 1], 2], 3] in the upper right corner.
If there are footnotes and notes in the standard text on the same page, you should write footnotes first, and then write notes.