(1) likes sweets and greasy food.
(2) I like to drink thin soup and thin drinks, and I don't want to eat foods with more cellulose.
(3) Overeating and often eating snacks.
(4) Rest after meals and lack of exercise.
(5) Eat at night, or eat supper at night.
(6) premature drinking.
These bad eating habits are an important cause of childhood obesity, which should be corrected seriously to avoid the occurrence of childhood obesity.
★ Relationship between childhood obesity and calorie intake
There is a great relationship between childhood obesity and calorie intake. Malnutrition is the main cause of obesity, and the prominent manifestation of malnutrition is excessive accumulation of calories.
The main factors leading to excessive calorie accumulation are: (1) excessive sugar diet, such as sugar flour products and soft drinks with high sugar content; (2) Eat more and eat less, such as adding meals at night.
The knowledge of biochemistry tells us that the starch and sugar we eat belong to carbohydrates. After they enter the human body, they first become glucose in the digestive tract under the action of various digestive enzymes, and then they are absorbed and utilized. These glucose are mainly used for oxidative decomposition and provide necessary heat energy for the body. However, in the process of metabolism, some glucose will convert excess carbohydrates into lipids. When consumption decreases, it will accumulate, which will lead to obesity.
★ The influence of obesity on children's growth and development
Obesity, known as "children's adult disease", has obviously increased in China, especially in big cities, such as some cities in the north, which has seriously affected the healthy growth of children.
Obesity in children will delay the start of walking, and often due to calcium deficiency and overweight, genu varum or genu valgus and flat feet occur. Because of obesity, children's body's reaction and resistance to the outside world are reduced, and they are prone to various infections, especially respiratory infectious diseases. Long-term obese children will also have hyperlipidemia, which will lead to arteriosclerosis, hypertension, coronary heart disease, fatty liver, diabetes and other adult diseases.
★ How do obese children adjust their diet?
The treatment of childhood obesity is different from that of adults. Because it is in the stage of physical development, any radical treatment will have a negative impact on the healthy development of children. In addition, children don't cooperate with doctors like adults, which brings certain difficulties to the implementation of the treatment plan. Therefore, close cooperation between parents is particularly important.
As far as dietotherapy is concerned, parents must be involved and asked to master some relevant knowledge, such as not allowing children to be partial to food and overeating, and not giving them high-calorie diets such as high sugar and high fat. It's also difficult to treat children on a diet and starve them. Therefore, before diet control, it is necessary to tell children patiently and in detail the dangers of obesity, the truth of dieting and the treatment plan in order to obtain their cooperation, which plays a key role in the smooth progress of treatment.
To treat children with diet, we must first master the nutritional characteristics of sick children's food, so as to make diet recipes for children of all ages and stages of disease. But in general, we should limit energy intake, ensure their growth and development needs, make their food diversified and rich in vitamins, and don't give them irritating condiments. Food should be cooked by steaming, boiling or cold salad to reduce the intake of digestible carbohydrates (such as sucrose). Don't eat sweets such as candy, sweet cakes and biscuits, try to eat less bread and potatoes, eat less fatty foods, especially fat, and appropriately increase protein's diet, such as bean products and lean meat. However, when it comes to losing weight, it's not that you can't eat any sugar or sugary food. Importantly, childhood obesity is in the developmental stage. In order to avoid extreme calorie restriction, school-age children can increase by 5 ~ 6 cm every year. As long as their weight is maintained at the present situation, their obesity will be improved after one year. Extreme dietary restrictions will cause psychological depression to children and sometimes cause resistance to treatment. In short, as long as the diet of obese children is reasonably adjusted, the good effect of losing weight can be achieved without affecting the growth and development of children.
★ How to prevent childhood obesity
Once established, childhood obesity will form a vicious circle, and psychological loss of enthusiasm will also contribute to the vicious circle. The higher the degree of obesity, the more difficult it is to treat. Therefore, it is very important to prevent childhood obesity.
The prevention of childhood obesity focuses on cultivating good eating habits, avoiding sweets and dried fruit snacks such as sweets and cakes, prohibiting overeating and actively participating in sports.
Once children are obese, comprehensive treatment should be carried out as soon as possible and controlled as soon as possible.
★ How to carry out exercise therapy for childhood obesity?
With the wind of "losing weight" blowing up, exercise to lose weight has been widely praised by medical workers and obese patients in recent years, and it is considered that this method of losing weight "has many benefits but no harm". So it is also feasible for children to choose exercise to lose weight.
Japanese scholars believe that physical therapy can strengthen children's energy consumption, promote the improvement of basal metabolism and improve the oxidation of fat. The combination of physical therapy and diet therapy can play an obvious role, but it is difficult to lose weight by physical therapy alone, especially for children.
So, how to exercise therapy for obese children?
Generally speaking, we should strictly grasp the principle of gradual progress and proceed in stages like dietotherapy. Obese children cannot be required to immediately change their inactive lifestyle to a state of greater physical exertion, which is absolutely forbidden.
Secondly, the child's physical therapy should also be carried out under the guidance of a doctor, and never make your own decisions. Because unreasonable physical therapy will further unbalance the functions of cardiovascular system and autonomic nervous system, it will not only fail to lose weight, but also easily cause harmful complications.
In various physical therapy projects, we can focus on things that have no support for our feet, such as sitting or lying down to do exercises, swimming, boating, cycling, skating, going out for an outing and so on. Older children can ask them to keep running every day. However, a comprehensive exercise plan must be made and approved by the doctor.
In addition to the above, cleaning, folding bedding and washing dishes are regarded as a part of physical activities in the daily life of obese children, and they are also more suitable for exercise therapy for obese children.
In a word, as long as the exercise is reasonable, exercise therapy can receive better results. Don't let children eat more staple food because of the result of exercise. Exercise therapy should be combined with diet therapy, such as eating regularly, eating less snacks, drinking some vitamin-rich drinks, chewing slowly and so on. Only when the two are organically combined can exercise lose weight.
★ How to grasp the opportunity to lose weight in childhood obesity?
Childhood obesity can be divided into infant obesity, infant obesity, school obesity and adolescent obesity. From the age when children are most likely to get fat, there are two periods: one is the infancy when adipose tissue develops most vigorously, and the other is before puberty.
During lactation, adipocyte proliferation is the main factor, accompanied by hypertrophy. In adolescence, on the contrary, fat cells are mainly hypertrophy with hyperplasia. From the fact that obesity in infancy is accompanied by adipocyte proliferation, we can know that it is related to obesity later. Of course, there are also cases of natural relief. So obesity in infancy can also be regarded as benign obesity. About 70% ~ 80% of school-age children's childhood obesity and pre-adolescent obesity will develop into adult obesity. Therefore, children should start to lose weight from early childhood.
★ How to carry out psychological treatment for childhood obesity?
For children, psychotherapy is sometimes more effective than diet and medication. Because children's psychology is in the stage of adjustment and adaptation, through effective psychological adjustment, children's bad eating habits can be completely changed.
Psychotherapy for childhood obesity can adopt the following methods:
(1) educate children about obesity. In the form of children's summer camp, invite relevant experts to explain the knowledge about obesity, improve children's understanding of the consequences of obesity, and let children voluntarily accept weight loss treatment.
(2) Teach children scientific eating habits, tell them not to eat too fast, practice regular meals at fixed points, and reduce snacks.
(3) Encourage children to participate in sports, educate children not to sleep after meals, do not eat while watching TV, and exercise properly after meals.
(4) Encourage children to overcome their inferiority complex. Sometimes they are often laughed at by their peers because of their obesity. At this time, children should be encouraged to face reality and actively participate in weight loss. Once effective, they should be encouraged to stick to it.
(5) Help children to establish a behavioral weight loss plan.