The flute is made of bamboo and has a blowing hole, a membrane hole, two (or four) air outlets and six sound pressure holes. The film hole is covered with reed film or bamboo film, and the left end of the blowing hole is blocked with a flute plug and blown horizontally.
● Northern Band-Aid Music
Bangdi includes Feng Zicun playing Bangzi, greeting guests, flying kites, hanging red lights and an oriole brightening its wings. Liu Guanle has acted in Selling Vegetables, Birds in the Shadow, Opening the Door in the South of Hebei, Dove of Peace and Reply.
● South Qu Di Music
Qu Di's representative songs are: Little Cowherd, Partridge Flying, Ode to Joy, and Six Flowers in China performed by Lu Chunling; Zhao Songting's 357, Morning and Jiang Xianwei's A Trip to Suzhou.
● Sheng music
Sheng is an ancient Lusheng musical instrument in China. As early as the Yin Dynasty (BC 140 1- BC 1 122), it was called "Xiao Sheng" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions. In ancient times, Shangshu Yiji mentioned "Sheng Yong Yi Jian", and The Book of Songs Xiaoya Luming Literature also recorded "blowing sheng Drum Spring". Later, many historical documents such as "Yili" and "Book of Rites" recorded Sheng. The earliest physical objects were found in the musical instruments unearthed from the tomb of Zeng Houyi in Sui County, Hubei Province, with a history of more than 400 years. In history, musical instruments made of twenty-two, twenty-three and twenty-six springs were collectively called springs; Musical instruments made of nineteen springs, seventeen springs and thirteen springs are called sheng.
Modeling of Sheng: Sheng is mainly composed of three parts: Sheng spring, Sheng flute and Sheng bucket. Sheng spring was made of bamboo in ancient times, and later changed to ringing copper; Sheng Di is a bamboo tube with different lengths (mostly made of purple bamboo). There is a long sound window (sound hole) near the upper end, a round sound hole near the lower end, and a wooden sheng foot embedded in the lower end to hold a reed and insert it into the sheng bucket. The hopper is made of wood or copper, with a round flat top, a transplanting hole at the top and a blowhole beside the hopper.
Development of Sheng solo art: The development of Sheng solo art is mainly in the north. ● Overview of Erhu
Erhu, Jinghu, Jinghu, Soft Bow Jinghu, Genka, Yuehu, Hu Si, Diaoqin, Zhonghu and Hu Da. Panel types such as Banhu, Coconut and Erxian. ● Banhu Music
Banhu has many names among the people, such as: Qinhu, Bangzi Lake, Piao,. The names of "silk" and "bamboo" first appeared in Li Zhou Guan Chun, belonging to the category of eight tones and referring to musical instruments. There are historical records of vocal music accompanied by silk and bamboo in Han Dynasty. In Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, silk and bamboo were used as vocal accompaniment, which was often used for solo performances before singing. This form of performance has been preserved in many song and dance music and rap music until now. "Qing Diao" and "Fa Qu" in Sui and Tang Dynasties also belong to the ensemble form of ancient China silk and bamboo music. The musical instruments used in "QingDiao" are Sheng, Di, Ruo, Jie, Qin, Qin, Zheng and Pipa. The musical instruments used in "Faqu" are pipa, violin, banjo, Zheng, sheng, reed flute, square ring and beat. Fine music and silk and bamboo music in the Song Dynasty were highly developed. The instrumental ensemble of Yuan Dynasty, such as Daqu, Xiaoqu, etc., and the instruments used, such as "Zheng, Qin and Pipa, Huqin, Hunbuxiang", also belong to the form of silk and bamboo music. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, with the development of traditional Chinese opera music, apart from being widely used as accompaniment of traditional Chinese opera music, rap music and song and dance music, the independent ensemble form of national music and bamboo music has been widely spread and developed all over the country.
● Phyllostachys pubescens in Jiangnan
The epidemic area is centered on Shanghai, including southern Jiangsu and western Zhejiang. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was called Jiangnan Silk and Bamboo Music to distinguish it from other regions.
Jiangnan Sizhu Band has at least two members (erhu and flute); Generally three to five people; There can be seven or eight people. String instruments: erhu, xiaosanxian, pipa, dulcimer; Wind instruments: flute, flute and sheng; Percussion instruments: drums, boards, wooden fish, bells, etc. The musical style of Jiangnan Sizhu is light, lively, cheerful and lively. Music generally shows the simple and vigorous character of Jiangnan people and reflects the beautiful scenery of Jiangnan.
● Guangdong music
The popular areas are centered on Guangzhou and Pearl River Delta, and the vernacular areas in Zhanjiang and Guangxi are also very popular, and then gradually spread to Shanghai, northern Tianjin, Beijing and other big cities.
Guangdong music was formed in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. At that time, there were many kinds of operas, such as ditty, qupai, cutting music, etc., such as A Ingot of Gold played in Cantonese opera to show the wedding ceremony, Liu Qingniang played in the wedding ceremony and Crying Emperor played in the memorial ceremony, so the locals called it "score", "ditty" and "cutting music".
The band of early Cantonese opera is the same as that used in traditional Chinese opera music. It consists of five pieces, namely, two strings, a violin (the same shape as Banhu, but larger), three strings, a Qin Yue and a flute, which are called "five-headed" and "hard bow combination".
● Chaozhou string poems
Chaozhou string poetry, commonly known as string poetry music, is mainly popular in Chaoshan area of Guangdong Province and Minnan area, and then spread to Southeast Asian countries with overseas Chinese.
● Fujian Nanqu
Nanqu, also known as Nanyin, Nanle, Nanguan or Orchestral Music, is mainly spread in Quanzhou and Jinjiang in southern Fujian, and is also popular in Xiamen, Longxi and Taiwan Province Province. With the migration of overseas Chinese, they also played (sang) in Ryukyu and Nanyang Islands, which was affectionately called "local accent" by local overseas Chinese and compatriots in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.
Nanqu can be divided into three categories: Zhi, Pi and Qu.
Refers to: folk artists call it "fingering" and "fingering", which is a complete large-scale divertimento with words, songs and fingering (fingering of pipa playing). Traditionally, there were 36 pairs of Sanqu couplets, which were later increased to 48 pairs, and each pair had a certain story, such as The White Rabbit, Liu Zhiyuan, Rouge and Twelve Poems of Wushan. There are five sets of plays: self-invitation, one piece of paper, occupying the hall, caring for the heart and being king.
Music score: also known as "big music score", that is, instrumental music suite. There are also pipa fingering, which is traditionally twelve sets, and later increased to sixteen sets. There are four famous songs, Four Seasons Scenes, Plum Blossom Exercises, and Walking Birds Return to the Nest, which are called "Four Plums, Walking Home" for short. Other divertimentos include Three Debates, Four Taboos, Yangguan Third Order, Three Classics, Five Classics, Eight Classics and Raise Your Hands.
Qu: Sanqu, also known as Caoqu, all have words to sing, the number is not less than 1,000, and it has a wide spread. There are a variety of "rolling doors" such as long roll, medium roll, short roll, sequential roll, large fold, medium fold and small fold. Each "rolling door" has a specific beat and harmony melody; There are several brand names under "Gunner", and each brand name includes many ditties.
Nanqu music score (instrumental part), there are mainly three versions. The first engraved fingering spectrum, All-South fingering spectrum reorganization and Nanyin fingering spectrum. Before the Song Dynasty, the instruments used by the court to beat drums and blow music were mostly horns, cymbals, flutes, cymbals, bells and bells. Percussion instruments mainly include Yu, Ju, Gui, Duo, Drum, Knot Drum and Drum.
Zona was introduced into drum music in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, when it was used for military music and ceremonial ceremonies. The Ming dynasty was widely circulated among the people in mainland China.
Drum music has three forms, mainly played by suona, pipe and flute.
● Jizhong Wind Music
This kind of music has a tradition of being good at playing Qin folk songs, minor and mass songs, so it is commonly called "blowing songs". Mainly popular in Dingxian, Xu Shui, Anping, Anguo, Boye and other areas in central Hebei, especially in Weizi Village in Dingxian and xushui county in Qian Minzhuang.
● Eight sets in Shanxi
Eight episodes in Shanxi are mainly popular in Wutai and Dingxiang counties, followed by Xin, Yuanping and Yan counties.
● Southwest Shandong plays music.
Shandong drum music can be divided into three parts according to popular areas and performance characteristics. Drum music circulating in Yantai and Laiyang is mainly played with pipes; The percussion music circulating in Changwei and Zhangqiu is mainly played by flute, while the percussion music circulating in Heze, Jining and Liaocheng is mainly played by suona and tin flute. Drum music, which is popular in Heze and Jining in the southwest of Shandong Province, is the most important and representative part of Shandong drum music and enjoys the reputation of "hometown of suona" in China.
● Advocating in southern Liaoning
Many of the advocated tracks in southern Liaoning originated from the North and South music brands since the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, and absorbed popular local folk songs and instrumental music brands.
(1) Han Chui
It is used for funerals and played in tent form. The songs that are often played are Scold Yu Lang, Scold Yu Lang, Song of Big Europe, Song of Little Europe, Big Chaoyang, Little Chaoyang, Oriole, Lan Ying, Moon High, Jin Zijing and Nanzheng Palace.
(2) Big brand area
Used for weddings and funerals, played in the form of tents. Frequently played songs include "Four Comes" and "Wild Goose".