38% of the residents live in slums. The proportion of self-considered poor families in the Philippine capital Metro Manila (46%) and Luzon Island (excluding Metro Manila) (45%) has not changed much compared with the last survey; The proportion of Visayan families who consider themselves poor has increased by 9 percentage points, reaching 6 1%. In southern Mindanao, the proportion of families who consider themselves poor has soared by 34 percentage points, reaching 72%, the highest level in eight years.