1. The sweet potato (sweet potato) brought by westerners from South America in Wanli years is also a magical crop. Although unremarkable, it seems to have little effect on the food culture in China, and even ugly. However, the introduction of sweet potato has really solved the problem of eating in China. Sweet potato has developed the southern mountainous areas of China, and it can be planted in mountainous areas where rice can't be planted. High-yield sweet potato saved countless hungry people in China again and again in famine years. The population expansion since the Qing Dynasty can be said to be due to the backbone represented by sweet potatoes.

2. There is also corn from South America: as a vegetable, corn is also the third largest food crop in the world.

3. Pepper: Pepper originated in Mexico and was introduced in the late Ming Dynasty. In some areas of Hunan, there were not many spicy foods during Jiaqing period, but after Daoguang, eating Chili peppers became more common.