Fasting blood sugar refers to the blood sugar content measured from 8- 12 hours after dinner to 6-8 am the next day. The "ultra-fasting" blood glucose after 10 am will affect the test results. Glycosylated serum protein can reflect the average blood sugar level in the last 4 weeks, and the result is positively correlated with blood sugar concentration, so blood should be drawn on an empty stomach.
The blood lipid level is closely related to diet, which is significantly higher after meals than before meals, so fasting blood must be checked. If the patient's triglyceride is particularly high, it may affect the accuracy of other blood lipid tests. It is necessary to eat vegetarian food for a few days before fasting blood test.
Glutamate aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bile acid and γ -glutamyltranspeptidase (γ-GT) which reflect liver metabolism, and total protein (TPO), albumin (ALB) and globulin (GLO) which reflect protein metabolism are greatly influenced by diet, so they need fasting (you can drink water and eat only after two and a half tests for hepatitis B).
Renal function (including uric acid), urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr) and uric acid (UA) are greatly influenced by diet and exercise, so fasting is needed.
Blood biochemistry includes potassium, sodium, chlorine, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus. Eating will affect the test results, so be on an empty stomach.
The determination of hemorheology requires the determination of tangible components such as sugar, fat, protein, urea nitrogen, creatinine and blood cells in plasma, and fasting blood should be taken in a quiet state for anticoagulation.
Immunoglobulin, rheumatoid factor, anti-"O" and C-reactive protein: At present, most hospitals use turbidimetry for detection. Because the instrument has no specificity for turbidity identification, it is required to draw blood on an empty stomach to prevent the influence of serum samples.
How long do you need an empty stomach? Generally, blood sampling is needed during physical examination, but blood sampling on an empty stomach does not mean that you don't eat the night before blood sampling. Instead, you should maintain your usual living habits, eat a normal and light diet, don't drink alcohol, don't drink coffee and strong tea, have a good rest, don't eat breakfast, drink little or no water, and don't do morning exercises. On the day of blood sampling, you should wait for blood sampling calmly in the hospital. However, the dinner time the day before should not be too late. Generally, the interval between the end of dinner and the time of blood collection in the next morning should be more than 8 hours.
Generally speaking, employees do not need to stop taking drugs before routine physical examination, especially drugs taken by patients with chronic basic diseases. It is best not to stop taking drugs without authorization, otherwise there may be serious consequences. For patients with chronic diseases such as hypertension, asthma and heart disease, taking drugs with a small amount of boiling water has little effect on the detection, but sugary drinks and dairy products cannot be drunk.
Others consider whether to stop taking drugs according to the following conditions.
Physical examination purpose: to observe the curative effect of drugs, there is no need to stop taking drugs; If you check other diseases, it depends on whether the drugs you take will lead to abnormal test results and whether there may be accidents after stopping taking the drugs. For example, the detection of glycosylated hemoglobin, taking hydrochlorothiazide will reduce the detection value, while taking a lot of aspirin and vitamin C will increase the detection value. However, if the drug is temporarily stopped, the drug can be stopped 1 time.
Whether the drug is a short-acting drug or a long-acting drug: if it is a short-acting drug, it will miss taking 1 time, which has a great impact; If it is a long-acting drug, it has little to do with stopping the drug temporarily 1 time.
Type of disease: If diabetic patients can't take hypoglycemic drugs before fasting blood glucose test, they should take blood on an empty stomach before taking the drugs, and hypertensive patients should take antihypertensive drugs before physical examination.
Precautions for physical examination: the diet is reasonable and light, and alcoholism is prohibited.
Don't eat anything too spicy or too big. If the food you usually eat is not too greasy, you can eat it according to your usual recipe! In addition, both men and women must not drink alcohol. If you usually like to drink 2 ounces or half a catty of wine, it is recommended not to drink alcohol for 3-5 days before physical examination.
Don't take part in strenuous sports such as long-distance running.
Don't take part in long-distance running or other intense sports. Before you know you are going to have a physical examination, you should adjust your body to a better state, so that the diseases hidden in your body will be displayed according to the examination! Strenuous exercise makes some data values of your physical examination have problems.
Women need to avoid the menstrual period, preferably after 5-7 days.
Women should pay attention to avoiding your physiological period before physical examination. If it happens to be in or not more than 5 days after the end, it is recommended to wait 5-7 days before the physical examination and 5-7 days after menstruation, so that the gynecological examination is more accurate.