1, a brief history of tea ceremony development in China.
The oldest tea drinking in China appeared in the Western Han Dynasty. Guo Pu of the Jin Dynasty explained the original drinking method of tea: "You can cook it into soup to drink", and "soup" is the juice of a dish, as if you were cooking tea and drinking its soup.
The drinking method of making tea powder into hot soup and stirring began to appear in the Jin Dynasty. The former is the source of fried tea, and the latter is the source of tea making. When the tea culture in China reached its peak, it used the method of final tea.
From the Six Dynasties to the Tang Dynasty, cake tea prevailed. In this method, tea leaves are first steamed, then mashed, dried into cakes, and then mashed into powder in a mortar when in use. It was this method of serving tea that was first introduced to Japan. In the early days of the Heian Dynasty, Emperor Emei had a poem "Never tire of pounding fragrant teas when reciting poems". Later, there was a finer polishing method than tamping. When making tea, stir with bamboo chopsticks to make it foam, which is the method recorded by Lu Yu in the Tea Classic in the Tang Dynasty.
Tea drinking reached its peak in the Song Dynasty. Fujian Jian 'ou made a group tea more exquisite than cake tea, with dragon and phoenix patterns printed on the surface for the imperial court to eat, which is called "Dragon and Phoenix Group Tea". Later, Cai Xiang, one of the four great calligraphers in the Northern Song Dynasty, created a "Little Dragon Group" which was more elaborate than the "Dragon and Phoenix Group" and presented it to the court. Injong loved it very much and ordered an annual tribute. Eight dragons weigh one catty, and little dragons weigh twenty jins, and their price is two taels of gold. However, although there is gold, tea is not available. Renzong cherishes it very much and rarely gives etiquette. Therefore, when you receive this tea, it is a treasure, a treasure, and it is just a passing sight for tourists. If you want to drink, you don't even want to drink.
The Yuan Dynasty inherited the legacy of the Song Dynasty, and tea remained popular in the later period.
2. The status of Jianzhan in China Tea Ceremony.
In the foregoing description, we know that for a long time, the tea culture in ancient China was dominated by the tea-serving method (tea-ordering method), and the tea set that can best carry the tea-serving method (tea-ordering method) is undoubtedly Jianzhan. The Japanese collection of China ceramics is extremely rich from the Neolithic Age to the Ming and Qing Dynasties. But eight of them were designated as national treasures, all of which were Song and Yuan porcelains. Five of the eight pieces are tea cups, all of which are black glazed porcelain completely different from traditional blue and white porcelain; Of the five works, four are built-in lamps.
Tea finishing method (tea ordering method) requires extremely high color of tea leaves, tea leaves and tea bubbles. In order to better appreciate this pleasing color, black glazed teacups are naturally the best choice. Of course, ordinary kiln sites can also produce black glazed lamps, but most of them are as smooth as mirrors and as dark as black. The popularity of the kiln black glaze lamp is not only because its design properly meets the subtle needs of every step when making tea, but also because it already has the aesthetic feeling of art, so that tea people can better appreciate the wonders in the lamp.
Building a thick tire can not only keep warm, but also facilitate long-term observation of brown, which is more convenient for baking and heating; Large opening design, easy to observe the amount of foam on the surface of tea; The oblique belly line connecting the opening and the sole makes the overall shape simple and beautiful; A common cup with a bunch of mouths, close to the mouth edge around the cup wall, is slightly folded inward, which can play the role of a standard line.
3. Tea ceremony and Jianzhan withdrew from the historical stage.
After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Zhu Yuanzhang, the Ming emperor, ordered the abolition of group tea and paid tribute directly because it was time-consuming and laborious to make group tea, which led to the fashion of directly frying tea and drinking tea in later generations, and the China tea ceremony, which prevailed for nearly a thousand years, officially entered the historical stage. Since the Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang abolished group tea and began to cook tea directly for future generations, the late tea method, which was popular for nearly a thousand years, finally declined, and Jianzhan also lost its place. Hundreds of years of glory have come to the end of history. In China society since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, tea was directly boiled, even "I don't know what the last tea is".