The principles of dietotherapy are as follows:
1. Choose foods rich in crude fiber, such as coarse grains, vegetables and fruits. Crude fiber can increase food residue, stimulate intestinal wall, promote intestinal peristalsis, and make feces easy to discharge.
2, eat more gas-producing foods, such as beans, potatoes, potatoes, radishes, onions, bean sprouts, leeks and other foods, can stimulate intestinal peristalsis, shorten the time for food to pass through the intestine, and promote defecation.
3. Choose more laxative foods, such as honey, sesame, walnuts, yogurt and other foods to soften feces and facilitate excretion.
4. Choose foods rich in vitamin B, such as cereals, beans, peanuts, nuts, lean meat, viscera and other foods, which can promote intestinal peristalsis and help defecation.
5. Vegetable oils such as sesame oil, peanut oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil and soybean oil can not only moisten intestines, but also decompose to produce fatty acids, stimulate intestinal peristalsis and facilitate defecation.
6. Drink plenty of water every day, at least 8 ~ 10 cups. Drinking a cup of light salt water or cold boiled water in the morning can stimulate the increase of intestinal peristalsis and soften feces.
7. Avoid strong condiments and drinks, such as peppers, mustard, peppers, strong tea, coffee and other foods.
In addition to diet adjustment, the following measures should be taken:
1, get into the habit of going to the toilet regularly and consciously induce defecation at regular intervals.
2, appropriate exercise, according to the age and health status to do some activities, such as walking, doing exercises, playing Tai Ji Chuan, etc. When exercise is inconvenient, massage the abdomen 2 ~ 3 times a day (massage clockwise for 5 ~ 10 minutes).
3. Exercises to strengthen the contractility of abdominal muscles and levator ani.
4, eliminate mental stress, according to the physical condition, appropriate activities, promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, contribute to smooth stool.
5, the elderly constipation is serious, after the above measures are invalid, laxatives can be used as appropriate, and glycerol suppository and kaiselu can also be put in the anus to promote defecation. However, the abuse of laxatives or enemas should be avoided, so as not to cause intestinal muscle retardation.
6. When bedridden patients defecate in bed in winter, the toilet should be heated before use, so as to avoid tension of perineum and anal sphincter and difficulty in defecation due to low temperature of the toilet.