With the aging of the population and the improvement of medical level, the incidence of heart failure is gradually increasing, and the incidence of heart failure in people over 65 years old is as high as 4% ~ 6%. Most patients with heart failure rest at home, so besides symptomatic treatment, family care should be done well.
Avoiding infection is a common cause of heart failure, so patients with chronic heart failure need to use enough antibiotics as soon as possible, whether they are infected or not. Some frail patients have atypical symptoms when infected, and their body temperature is not necessarily high, but they just show poor appetite and burnout. We should closely observe the changes of diseases to prevent heart failure.
Reasonable rest is an important way to reduce the burden on the heart, which can obviously reduce the oxygen consumption of the body, increase the blood supply to the kidneys, and help to alleviate edema. In addition to taking a nap, it is advisable to add a few hours of bed rest in the afternoon. In acute phase and severe heart failure, you should stay in bed. When your heart function improves, you should get out of bed and do some activities, such as walking, qigong and Tai Ji Chuan. However, you should master the amount of activity. When your pulse is greater than 1 10 beats/min, or 20 beats/min faster than at rest, you should stop moving and have a rest.
Psychological Care Patients with chronic heart failure are bedridden all the year round, which is easy to have a "sense of burden", lack confidence in life and fear of death. Therefore, family members should be more considerate, give necessary help in life, and keep patients in a good mood. Patients should keep a peaceful mind and don't bother themselves. All kinds of activities should be done according to one's ability, neither try to be brave nor rely too much on others. You can't ignore your illness, and don't care too much, because excessive tension is often more likely to induce acute heart failure.
Reasonable diet plays an important role in the rehabilitation of cardiac insufficiency. Its principles are low sodium, low calorie, light and easy to digest, adequate vitamins, moderate carbohydrates, inorganic salts and fat, and no smoking or drinking. You should also eat less and eat more meals, because full meals can induce or aggravate heart failure.
Rational drug use should strictly follow the doctor's advice, and it is strictly forbidden to change or stop using drugs without authorization, so as to avoid serious consequences. It is also necessary to be familiar with the side effects of commonly used drugs, which is conducive to early detection, early medical treatment and early treatment of adverse reactions.
Skin care Patients with chronic heart failure are often forced to take the right lateral position, so skin care at the right bony protuberance should be strengthened to prevent bedsore. You can massage the patient and turn over regularly, and the nursing action should be gentle to prevent skin abrasions. People with severe edema should protect their skin more.
Regular physical examination should regularly draw blood to check digoxin concentration and blood potassium, sodium, magnesium, urea nitrogen and creatinine. And check the electrocardiogram regularly, and check the heart function every 3 months. Check the weight and edema, and the doctor will decide whether to adjust the medicine according to the condition.
Self-monitoring Patients with heart failure should learn to self-monitor in order to find symptoms and side effects of drugs in time. For example, shortness of breath, fatigue, choking cough at night, aggravated cough, frothy phlegm, burnout, lethargy, irritability, etc. This may be an atypical manifestation of heart failure and should be treated promptly.
Timely feedback on the changes of symptoms during medication is also conducive to the adjustment of doctors' medication.