Let's start with the concept of health. Health refers to a good state of physical, psychological and social adaptation. In the Guide to Learning and Development for Children Aged 3-6, health includes both physical and psychological aspects, and it is a state of perfect body and mind and good adaptability. The health goals in the guide are expounded from the following three aspects. First, physical and mental condition; Second, action development; Third, living habits and living ability. The goal of children's development level is defined in detail, which reflects the progressive characteristics of children's development level and the differences of children's ability development at different ages, and provides a good reference value for kindergarten teachers. Through the study of the Guide, we further understand the meaning of the word "integration" in the field of health. The goal of health education should be integrated into children's daily life and educational activities. While paying attention to children's all-round and harmonious development, various resources should be organically integrated to promote children's physical development.
Let's talk about "integrating the contents of health activities" and "integrating other areas of kindergartens".
First of all, the contents of health activities include explicit and implicit.
1, main content
Explicit health activities are an important part of daily life in kindergartens. The key is how to design the whole activity and implement it step by step, so as to make these activities scientific, systematic, standardized and operable. We include morning exercises, recess exercises, health classes, sports meetings, walks, sports meetings and so on. , mainly to exercise the coordinated development of children's body movements.
Here is a brief introduction to how the arrangement of martial arts in our garden at noon is integrated into the goal of health field. One of the development goals of large class sports is "continuous skipping". In the middle of skipping practice, we insert a short piece of cheerful music, so that children can practice skipping continuously while doing exercises. In the middle class, we also use the same method to combine the goal of continuous volleyball with the goal of self-throwing and self-receiving while the children are doing ball exercises; In the development goal of small class action, 1 can walk a distance along the ground straight line or on short and low objects; Be able to jump forward with your feet stably; You can jump forward about 2 meters with one foot. We integrate the realization of these goals into circle practice, so that children can use circles to build rabbits' homes, Woods and so on. Lie on the ground while doing circular motion. Children can dance with music on both feet and one foot, or practice walking straight through the "Woods".
2. Implied content
We fully tap the health education resources in the daily life of kindergartens, let children run through health education in their daily life, promote the development of children's large and small muscle groups and the all-round development of body and mind, and finally develop the consciousness and habit of lifelong exercise. All our teachers are keen to grasp the small details of life for education. For example, before eating, we will introduce the children to the recipes of the day, let them talk about the appearance and nutrition of these dishes, and let them develop the habit of not being picky about food; The nap session requires children to arrange their own clothes, make their beds and gradually improve their self-care ability. In addition, we carry out activities in combination with social hotspots that children are interested in, such as combining various large-scale sports events to make children interested in some sports.
Second, integrate other areas of the kindergarten.
1, integration of health and social fields
In the past, the goals of "knowing common safety signs, observing safety rules" and "not eating strangers' food and walking with strangers" were all assigned to the social field, and we accomplished them through conversation and social classes. In the process of implementing the projects of "Research on the development and practice of sports games in township kindergartens" and "Research on improving children's safety and self-care efficiency through home cooperation" declared by our park, we have integrated some health fields with social fields. Hang various signs on the guardrail network of stairs, and post children's songs in the form of pictures, texts and comic books on the corridor. Children have improved their safety knowledge and self-protection ability by watching, recognizing and speaking. Teachers design some competitive sports games, accomplish tasks through self-trial and cooperation, cultivate children's good qualities such as strength, courage and self-confidence, and promote social development.
2. Integration of health and art.
In the past, all the contents involved in the action development goal 3 "Flexible coordination of hand movements" in the Guide were placed in the field of "art". Now we can set up a manual area in the classroom through collective manual activities to cultivate children's various operational abilities. For example, in the theme activity of "from head to toe" in the big class, we placed materials such as wool, sponge and tubes in the art area to guide children to cooperate in making mannequins, which not only exercised the flexibility and coordination of hand movements, but also consolidated children's understanding of human organs and food digestion process.
3. Integration of health and language.
We can compose the contents of health education into children's songs or present them in the form of cartoons. For example, we compiled a children's song "Little Hands are Clean" to teach children the correct way to wash their hands. Turn on the tap and wash your hands, rub with soap, rub the back of your hand, and then rub with your little hand. Go, go, go, go, go, go. ) We also inserted fairy tales that children are interested in into the game, such as Snow White and the Dwarf. The teacher asked the children to practice squatting and walking by imitating dwarfs, and reviewed the basic movements such as drilling and climbing in the process of saving Snow White. PPT presents a "silk cave" designed by Journey to the West, which is interested in children. It is made of PC tube and rubber band, in which children can crawl or cross the rubber band. In addition, children are required to explain in clear language when their peers demonstrate actions, and their language expression ability is also improved while developing actions.
4. Integration of health and science.
The combination of scientific elements and health activities often produces many rich educational resources. In the folk game Malanhua, teachers and children read "Malanhua Malanhua, you are not afraid of wind and rain, please blossom at once". When the child asks "How many flowers have you opened", the teacher will directly say "Three, four or two flowers have been opened", and then let the child find the same number of companions to hold together and count them according to the teacher's instructions, so that the children in small classes can learn to hold hands. When the children in the big class asked "how many petals were opened", the teacher showed a card with addition and subtraction operations, so that the children could work out the answers according to the questions on the card and learn the addition and subtraction operations. In the house made on PPT, in the sports game "Puppy Darling", children can climb to different geometric homes according to the teacher's instructions, or send small animals to the first floor of the building according to the teacher's instructions.
It is of great significance for every kindergarten teacher to learn the Guide to Learning and Development for Children Aged 3-6. It teaches us how to set appropriate teaching objectives for children, choose suitable content for children's learning, evaluate and reflect on the effect of educational activities, pay attention to children's differences, teach students in accordance with their aptitude and improve the effectiveness of education. In the future work, we should study, study and study again; Practice, practice, and practice again can truly implement the spirit of the guide and be qualified.