The story of Liang Zhu has been circulated among the people for a long time. Look at legends such as Liang Shanbo Bao Juan, Hua Shan Ji Yue Fu, Visiting relatives and friends, and Two Butterflies. Many operas have performed this classic love drama, among which Liang Zhu of Yue Opera and Liu Yin of Sichuan Opera are the most famous. There are also different versions of Peking Opera in different periods, such as butterfly lovers starring Qin in Shenyang Peking Opera Theatre in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, Anti-Marriage between Britain and Taiwan arranged by Peking Opera master Cheng, Liu Yin Story transplanted from Sichuan Opera, and the new version of butterfly lovers arranged by Chi Xiaoqiu in recent years.

The main idea of the play is: In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Zhu Yingtai disguised herself as a man, went to Hangzhou (Nishan in Sichuan Opera) to study, and became brothers with Liang Shanbo in Lu Yu You Yue, and had been classmates for three years. After that, Zhu Yingtai returned home. Before the trip, he proposed to his wife Liang Shanbo. From the age of 18, Zhu Yingtai gave it to "Sister". Liang Shanbo was told and proposed to Jia Zhu. At this time, Zhu Ya Gong Yuan has married Ma Wencai, the son of Ma Taishou. Liang Zhu and his wife met on the balcony. After that, Liang Shanbo went home sick and died. When Zhu Yingtai got married, the sedan chair made a detour to Liang Shanbo's grave to pay homage. Thunder cracks the grave, and Yingtai enters it. Liang Zhu became a dancing butterfly.

As for Liang Zhu, the author has seen some records that Liang belongs to the Ming Dynasty and Zhu belongs to the Northern and Southern Dynasties, separated by thousands of years. Zhu Benben was a chivalrous woman who robbed the rich and helped the poor. She once went to Ma Taishou's house to steal money. Finally, Ma Zhong's son Ma Wencai was ambushed and died by the sword. The people were buried with a heavy burial, and a monument was erected in front of the grave, with "Zhu Yingtai's Female Tomb" engraved on the front and recorded in detail on the back. Over the years, the monument sank underground. Liang is the magistrate of Yinxian County, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province. He is honest, middle-aged and childless. When he was buried after his death, he dug up his tombstone. Many people felt sorry for it, but it seemed inappropriate to bury Liang, so they buried it together and set up a monument. The black one is Liang, and the red one is Zhu ... Since then, the legend of sending people has been perfunctory.

The story of Liang Zhu.

During the Yonghe period of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, there was a village of Zhujiazhuang in the south of Shanjuan Mountain with beautiful scenery. There is a well-off family in the village called Zhu Yuanwai. Family rules, property is passed from man to woman. Because I wish you no son, and in order to inherit the family property, I wish you to dress your daughter Yingtai as a man's dress from an early age. Both English and Taiwan are talented, intelligent and eager to learn. When he reached the age of studying, Mr. Zhu sent Yingtai to the nearby Bixian Temple to study. When I was studying in Bixian Temple, a classmate named Liang Shanbo lived in Liangjiazhuang from Shanjuan Mountain to Wuli in the northwest. They hit it off at first sight and became bosom friends, so they became best friends with Jin Lan at Caoqiao, which is a good place to roll back. The two brothers encourage and support each other.

Yingtai and Shanbo have been classmates in Bixian Temple for three years. During this period, they went to Qilu to pay homage to Confucius and went to Soochow to study together. They eat together every day, sleep together at night and sing harmoniously. Shan Bo not only received higher education, but also was honest and upright, which won the admiration of Zhu Yingtai. However, in the past three years, Yingtai has been undressed. Although Shan Bo raised many questions, they were all put off by Yingtai. Shan Bo never knew Yingtai was a woman.

After three years of classmates' life, Liang Zhu was affectionate, and Zhu Yingtai fell in love with Liang Shanbo. Three years later, Liang Shanbo will continue to study in Yuhang. I hope my father will not let Yingtai go because of his age and accident. The two reluctantly gave each other tokens. Shanbo gave Yingtai a guqin sword, and Yingtai returned Shanbo a gold-plated folding fan, and wrote the word "Bixian" in person. Shan Bo went to Hang Cheng, and Yingtai sent him eighteen miles. On the way, Yingtai borrowed things many times to express her feelings and hinted at her affection. But honest and simple mountain people don't know or understand its meaning. Before leaving, Yingtai and her nine sisters made a false promise to Liang Shanbo, and agreed to invite him to her house to be a guest and propose marriage.

After Yingtai returned to China, his parents had betrothed Yingtai to Ma Shi in Yixi Whale Pond. When Shanbo came back from studying in Yuhang and visited Jia Zhu, Yingtai greeted her with red makeup and green sleeves and a fan. Shanbo knew that she was a woman. When I learned that Yingtai hired Ma Shi, I was heartbroken and very sad. When he left, he made an oath: "Life can't be married, and death must be in pairs."

After Liang Zhu shed tears, Shanbo became depressed and died soon, and was buried in Xihu Bridge Village. Yingtai was heartbroken at the news and decided to die a double suicide. On the day he left the cabinet, he insisted on paying tribute to Qiao Hu. When the sedan chair reached the tomb of Qiaohu Mountain, the British platform hung in front of it and wailed and crashed into the monument. Suddenly, the wind blew hard, the sky was in chaos, sand and stones flew, the ground suddenly cracked and the British platform fell in. When the wind and rain stopped, the rainbow hung high, and two huge butterflies were flying. They were spread by spirits from Liang Zhu and Liang Zhu. The black one is Zhu Yingtai, and the yellow one is Liang Shanbo. The two lovers are inseparable, flying with me between heaven and earth.

Butterfly lovers, a Yue opera, has become the most striking play in this subject because of its wide spread of film version.

Yuan Xuefen and Fan Ruijuan performed "Liang Zhu's Funeral History" for the first time in 1945 and 195 1 year respectively. The East China Yue Opera Experimental Troupe rearranged the play and added "Becoming a Butterfly". The script was written by Yuan Xuefen, dictated by him, directed by Huang Sha, arranged by him, and designed by Xing and Su Shifeng. Fan Ruijuan plays, Fu Quanxiang plays, Zhang Guifeng plays Zhu, Lv Ruiying plays Yin Xin, Wei Xiaoyun plays Jiu Si and Jin Yanfang plays Shi Mu. 1952 The drama participated in the first national drama observation and performance conference, and won the script award, premiere award, music composition award and dance design award. The main actors Fan Ruijuan and Fu Quanxiang won the first prize, Zhang Guifeng won the second prize and Lv Ruiying won the third prize. 1953 The drama was produced by Shanghai Film Studio as the first domestic color opera art film, written by Xu Jin and Sang Hu, directed by Sang Hu and Huang Sha, and starring Yuan Xuefen and Fan Ruijuan.

Sichuan Opera "The Story of Liu Yin" also participated in the performance of 1952, the first national opera viewing and performance conference, and won the screenplay award. The actor won the first prize, and Yuan Yukun and Liu won the second prize.

There are many different versions of stories in Beijing Opera, among which Liu Yin, which is adapted by Ma from Sichuan Opera, and Ying Tai Anti-Marriage, which is Cheng's masterpiece, are the most popular.

Liu Yin was designed by Wang Yaoqing and premiered by Du Jinfang and Ye Shenglan in 1953. The whole drama is divided into 10 scenes, and the important scenes include Another Yingtai, Liu Yin Becoming sworn, Talking in the Library, Farewell to Mountain Man, Thinking of Brother Yingtai, Visiting Friends in Zhuang, and Sacrificing a Butterfly. The biggest feature of this play is that the lyrics are elegant and gorgeous, beautiful and meaningful. Many sentences have broken the traditional seven-character and cross sentences in Beijing Opera, giving people a fresh and refined artistic aesthetic feeling, and at the same time, they are very particular about vocal design. No matter the choice of tunes or the transformation of plates, they have not only maintained the traditional charm, but also made new changes. It is recognized as the representative work of China traditional opera in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China.

1954, on the basis of referring to other operas, Cheng, a master of Peking Opera, wrote and performed an immortal drama "Anti-Marriage between Britain and Taiwan". This play is the only one edited and performed by Cheng after liberation, and it is also the last work in his life. The drama of this drama remains unchanged, including Another Family, Becoming sworn, Book House, Seeing Off, Refusing Marriage, Sacrificing the Grave and become a butterfly. Later, because of the scattered front structure, it began with "surprise employment". There are many breakthrough creations in the lyrics and vocals of this play. Look at the lyrics: "I want my father to leave the wedding as I wish, so I can marry Liang Jun. You are my dear old Yan's relative." "But why do you have to marry my daughter to a stranger?" ..... This is almost equivalent to the sentence of prose poetry being "loaded" by the master, and it is clear and touching, which makes people admire the master's skill. Li Shiji once performed this play on the anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China 10.

Xiang opera's traditional play "Mountain Bo Ying Tai" was created by Shao, which was based on the songbook "Jin Ge". The script retains the characteristics of Jin Ge, which is simple and easy to read. Almost every scene has a long solo or duet. Among them, "Twenty-four Worship of Crying Spirit in Yingtai" is the most prominent, and more than 100 lyrics are lingering. Qupai uses all the crying tones of Miqu, one worship and one tune, which are closely and harmoniously connected together, forming a complete set of singing similar to Qupai couplets. In "An Tong buys food for a mountain man" and "Twelve Banquets on the Balcony", the names of dishes, recipes, customs and sayings all come from the unique customs of southern Fujian. As soon as "seeking medical treatment" came out, Shanbo was seriously ill, and it was also a custom in southern Fujian to send gifts with hair-cutting belts in Yingtai. The whole drama festival is different from other dramas. If Yingtai has neither father nor mother, Zhang and Ma Jun are also studying in Hang Cheng. There is no "eighteen gifts", but there is a metaphor for a spring outing. The appearance of "the tomb dedicated to Yingtai" focuses on mourning Yingtai. There are also plots such as "Shan Bo went to hell to witness his predecessor" and "the soul resurrected and gave birth to a child". The more distinctive one is "Shan Bo's yearning and crying for love", which fully expresses Shan Liangbo's complex feelings of love and hate. Chen Degen, aged 65,438+0,978, was comprehensively arranged according to Shao's "Taiwan Province Opera and Yue Opera Performance Books" and performed by Zhangzhou Xiang Troupe. He has performed 300 performances in a theater continuously. From 65438 to 0979, Qian Tianzhen and Hong Cailian played Zhu Yingtai and Liang Shanbo respectively, and won the title of outstanding young actors in Fujian Province.

In addition, almost all kinds of operas, such as Henan Opera and Pingju Opera, have been handed down as a whole or a book.

In recent years, two TV series adapted from the story of Liang Zhu have caused controversy. One is starring Chi Xiaoqiu and Zhu Qiang in Shenyang Peking Opera Theatre, and the other is rehearsed by Hangzhou Yue Opera Troupe. These two new dramas have made a great leap forward against tradition in both plot setting and theme mining, especially in the way of stage presentation. Because there are not many performances and the scope is not wide, the author is not good at commenting on the whole picture, only saying a few words about Chi Xiaoqiu's impression of "crying at the grave". The overall feeling of the play is still good, especially the rearrangement of sleeves, which has played a very good role in setting off. The vocal design of the memory part is also very touching, but the first few words of the aria are somewhat "around", which sounds unsatisfactory.

In recent years, Chen Yi, a descendant of Fu School of Zhejiang Yue Opera Troupe, starred in Sacrifice to the Grave and become a butterfly in the new edition of butterfly lovers.

In short, classics are classics, as if there are endless stories, endless rhymes and endless sighs.

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Chinese name: butterfly lovers.

Mbth: Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai.

Category: ballet

Plot introduction

preface

A pair of butterflies are flying, which leads to butterfly lovers's love story.

Begging for my father's education for the first time

I wish my family well. Daughter Zhu Yingtai wanted to go out to study, but her strict father refused. With the help of the maid, she pretended to be a diviner and tricked Zhu Mu into drawing a divination sign that Yingtai would be in big trouble if she didn't go out to study. Zhu Mu believed it. Later, I wished my father that Yingtai was still pretending to be a man and promised Yingtai to go to Hangzhou to learn from men.

The second grass bridge worship

In the south of the Yangtze River in March, beside the Caoqiao Pavilion, birds are singing and flowers are fragrant. Ying Tai, dressed as a scholar, and Yin Xin, dressed as a book boy, rowed the boat down the river. When they were resting at Caoqiao, they met Liang Shanbo who was going to study in Hangzhou. They immediately became friends.

Read together in the third class.

Hangzhou academy. Shanbo and Yingtai study together, and accompany each other day and night. How time flies, weaving their affection into a colorful love picture in spring, summer, autumn and winter.

Classmates have been in love for three years, and a letter from home urges people to return. Yingtai's father was reluctant to let Shanbo leave, so he had a brainwave and lied that he had a little sister at home. He became a matchmaker for Shanbo, gave him a jade fan pendant and left with nostalgia.

Fourth balcony anti-marriage

Yingtai went home. On the balcony, I look forward to Brother Liang's coming to the mansion to propose marriage day and night. Unexpectedly, the rich and powerful Ma Taishou came to Zhujiajian Island with his entourage and maid to propose for his son. Volunteers hoped to climb higher and become more expensive, and they readily agreed. Yingtai was forced to stand up, indicating that he had made a lifelong commitment with Sambo. I wish dad flustered and frustratedly took the jade fan in Yingtai's hand and gave it to Ma Taishou. ...

Yingtai was heartbroken. Suddenly a familiar figure passed by the window. Brother Liang came, and Yingtai was both sad and happy. When Shanbo found that this dignified and elegant beauty turned out to be his classmate's good brother for three years, he couldn't help but be ecstatic. Shan Bo took out a jade fan pendant, and Yingtai went through his heart like a knife. It was like a bolt from the blue that Shanbo learned that Yingtai was forced to get engaged. The two men complained to each other angrily and resentfully, and a joy vanished.

The fifth double suicide into a butterfly

Sanbao cemetery. Liang Shanbo died in extreme sadness and despair. Yingtai, wearing a wedding dress, called Shanbo and ran in the wilderness. She threw herself in front of Shanbo's grave, wailed, and resolutely hit her head on the tombstone, and the grave cracked ... Shanbo and Yingtai became beautiful butterflies, both flying.

person in charge

Performer: Liaoning Ballet Company

Description of responsibilities

Zhang Huli, Ali, Chu. Composers: Li Yanzhong, Sui and Chen Guogang. Dance beauty design: Wang,,, Ju Yi.

The main actors are Yin, Qu Zijiao (A and B), Jin, Wang Ming (A and B), Wei Chunfu (), Qu Xiufen () and Meng Xianzhong (Ma Taishou). Band: Liaoning Ballet. Conductor: Li Yinzhong and Meng Xin.

Performance introduction

Memorabilia of performance

Based on Liang Zhu's folktale and violin concerto of the same name, the play won the 1982 Liaoning Dance Competition Creation Award and Excellent Works Award. The following year, with the theme of Liang Zhu as the keynote, the structure was reorganized and developed into three acts and four large-scale dance dramas. 1992 participated in the performance of Snooker Layarsk-Asia-Pacific International Art Festival. 1994 performed for the opening ceremony of Hong Kong Shenzhou Art Festival.

Butterfly Lovers Violin Concerto

Liang Zhu Violin Concerto is the work of Chen Gang and He He during their study in Shanghai Conservatory of Music. It was made in the winter of 1958 and premiered in Shanghai in May the following year, with Lina Yu as a violin solo. The theme is a well-known folk story, with the tunes in Yue Opera as the material, using symphony and China folk opera music expression techniques, carefully conceiving the layout according to the plot development, and adopting sonata structure, single movement and subtitles. The main contents are "Grass Bridge Becoming sworn", "Anti-marriage between Yingtai and Taiwan" and "become a butterfly at the Grave".

The whole song takes about 28 minutes. First, I described the theme of Liang Zhu's love in five minutes, then a happy school life, and then eighteen gifts. From eleven minutes to the second paragraph, Zhu Yingtai went home and refused to get married. Finally, he cried. The second paragraph is about the same length as the first paragraph, which is also eleven minutes. The last paragraph is become a butterfly, which can be said to be the reappearance of the whole song.

The tune begins with a few plucked strings, and then goes to the flute, which seems to be like the feeling of being in the clouds, so as to open the curtain, just like overlooking the world from the sky, clearing away the clouds, and the scene of the characters gradually becomes clear from the obscurity. First of all, the theme is played by the violin, with two long and two short lyrics and an ending sentence, which is long and weak, as if Zhu Yingtai were telling the past beside him. Then repeat the theme in the bass and return to earth.

The orchestra always plays the theme and fully understands it on the spot. Liang Shanbo, the representative of cello, also appeared, and the two of them were affectionate. The big violin and Ming played the theme, and gradually the violin dominated the melody and introduced orchestral music to emphasize again. When the music stopped, the woodwind instrument continued to fall slowly. Violin solo is deeply soothing and introspective, which shows that Zhu Yingtai has doubts about the future, but still firmly believes in himself. Dare to love! The mood is light, the flute is loud, and the cello is dancing, just like a beautiful spring outing in March. Violin shows skill and is absolutely beautiful.

It's good to get together, but there are always differences. After a good mood, it is farewell. Play the theme variation slowly, like a ruthless step, and eventually leave. The big violin duet is closely combined and inseparable. At the end of this passage, the string played the theme of crying for the first time, predicted the end of the tragedy, and constituted the presentation part of the whole song, "Love".

In the second paragraph, the development department has three segments: strong, weak and strong, which mean fast, slow and fast respectively. At first, the orchestral sound like a big wave represented Zhu Fu's opposition. He continued to play a few bars, as if to say: No! No way! Violin is in fierce competition with it, and the conflict between them is gradually rising. Finally, the whole ensemble played the theme of Liang Zhu to show the exposure of love, and waves finally drowned the theme.

The balcony will gently tell the feelings with the violin and listen with the cello. It's the cello's turn to pour out love, and the violin is easygoing. Suddenly, the music turned sharply, and Liang Shanbo died of excessive sadness and despair, using the method of "tight beat and slow singing" in Yue Opera.

On the way to get married, Zhu Yingtai stopped at Liang Shanbo's grave and cried. The violin screamed: Brother Liang! Broken, staccato sad melody, crying, kneeling, and some memento mori. Gradually, the tears opened and the crying stopped. I made up my mind. In the voice of grief and indignation, I plunged into the grave and suddenly burst open, and the music reached its climax at the same time.

The last part of the music is the reappearance part "Becoming a Butterfly". Under the light and elegant strings, the theme of love reappears, and butterfly lovers becomes a pair of butterflies from the grave, flying freely among the flowers and never parting. Rainbow, Wan Li, flowers blooming and butterflies in pairs have been inseparable from butterfly lovers for thousands of years.