Forsythia is native to China's central and western provinces, preferring sunny, warm and humid environments, cold-resistant and drought-resistant, afraid of waterlogging, strong germination, resistant to pruning, the soil requirements are not strict. Forsythia propagation with sowing, cuttings, pressing, planting and other methods are easy to succeed. March to take hard branches about 20 cm long, cuttings in the bed or bed, keep moist on the line; the growing season can also take cuttings of shoots. The planting of propagation is carried out after the fall of the leaves, spring planting will affect the amount of flowering in the year. Pressing propagation is carried out in the usual way, and the drooping branches can be cut and pressed into the soil. Forsythia flowers are mostly borne on annual branches, so every year after flowering, we should recut the senescent branches and annual branches, and promote the sprouting of new branches. For the vigorous growth of the new shoots, the early summer of the year can also be short cut once. Ground planting, without much management, winter Shi a base ship, after flowering pruning once on the line. Potted plants to use fertile soil, heavy pruning after flowering, monthly forced fertilization 1-2 times, timely watering to keep the soil steep and moist not too dry. In addition to give good light. Forsythia flower promotion is very easy to succeed. Spring Festival or New Year's Day 20 days before, will be moved into the greenhouse heating, then will bloom.
The same genus of commonly cultivated flowers and forsythia is very similar to the bellflower, it is native to Zhejiang, Fujian and other places, in East China is widely cultivated. Its flowers are fungus-colored bribery green, stem nodes ask radium is flaky, no three out of leaflets. This can be distinguished from forsythia.
I. Characteristics
Forsythia is up to 3 meters high, the branches are spreading or drooping, the branchlets are slightly 4-angled, the internodes are hollow, and there are obvious lenticels. The single leaf is opposite or divided into 3 leaflets, the leaf blade is ovate, the edge has untidy serration, the surface is green, semi-leathery. Flowers opening before leaves, one to several, axillary, yellow. Capsule, narrowly ovoid, slightly compressed, apex pointed like a bird's beak, bivalved when ripe. Seeds narrowly elliptic, brown, thinly winged on one side. Flowering March-April, fruit ripening August-October.
Forsythia is cold-resistant, drought-resistant, barren, climate, soil quality requirements are not high, a wide range of suitable. In the arid sunny slopes or rock crevices with soil, and even in the bedrock or purple sand shale weathering mother nature can grow. Forsythia root system is developed, although the main root is not too significant, but its lateral roots are thicker and longer, many fibrous roots, widely stretched around the main root, greatly enhancing the absorption of nutrients and soil-fixing capacity. Forsythia is strong in cold tolerance, after cold exercise, can withstand -50 ℃ low temperature, its amazing cold resistance, make it become the leader of the northern landscaping. Forsythia has strong sprouting power and fast clumping, which can quickly expand its distribution.
Two, cultivation technology
1. Selection of land preparation and fertilization. Artificial cultivation of forsythia, should choose sunny, loose soil, fertile, high humus content, leeward, sandy loam plot for planting. Mu applied 2000 kilograms of farmyard fertilizer. The use of large ridge high bed technology, bed width 130-140 cm, length as needed, bed height 10-12 cm, bed spacing 30 cm.
2. Reproduction technology. Forsythia is easier to survive, cultivation and management techniques are simple, both seeding seedlings, but also cuttings, planting, pressure propagation.
(1) Seed reproduction. In mid to late May, the seeds will be sown, half a month or so seedlings, seedling height 7-10 cm for the first time, pulling out a part of the overcrowded weak seedling, seedling height 13-17 cm when the second time, every 7-10 cm to stay in the seedling 1, and then in a timely manner to plow weed control, fertilizer and other management. Cultivate a year, seedling height of 33 cm or more, can be planted.
(2) split-plant reproduction. In the winter after the fall of the leaves to the end of spring before the bud, you can dig the mother plant clumps part of the seedlings planted, but also in the mother plant foot soil, prompting seedlings to grow more roots, conducive to the planting of the growth of survival.
(3)Pressure propagation. In the spring of the plant drooping branch pressure buried in the soil, the following spring cut away from the mother plant planting.
(4)Propagation by cuttings. Select 1-2 years old robust shoots, cut into 30-40 cm long spike. In the spring in late April, in the good bed, according to the base planting requirements according to the row spacing of 50 cm, plant spacing of 40 cm, each hole planting strong seedlings 1, mulch compaction, watering rooting water, and then mulch slightly above the ground in the shape of a mound can be.
3. Field management.
(1) Plowing and weeding. Every winter beside the forsythia tree should be plowed and weeded 1 time, weeds around the plant can be shoveled or pulled out by hand.
(2) Fertilization. Appropriate amount of compost, stable fertilizer, in a furrow next to the plant into the soil after mulching.
(3) Drainage and irrigation. Pay attention to keep the soil moist, timely watering in drought, open the ditch to drain in the rainy season, so as not to accumulate water and rot the roots.