This poem embodies the relationship between practice and cognition. Cognition should come from practice, and everything must be experienced to have a real feeling. In the poem, ducks in the river are the first to feel the warming of the river, so they know the arrival of spring first.
Two or three peach blossoms outside the bamboo forest and ducks in the water first noticed the warm spring. There are two or three newly blooming peach blossoms outside the bamboo forest, and the ducks swimming in the water first notice the warming of the river in early spring.
Original text:
Two Late Scenes along the Hui Chong River.
Su Shi in Song Dynasty
Two or three peach blossoms outside the bamboo forest and ducks in the water first noticed the warm spring.
The beach is covered with wormwood, asparagus is beginning to sprout, and puffer fish are preparing to swim upstream from the sea back to the river.
The geese fly north, like people who want to return to the north, but because of attachment, poor team.
Before flying to the north, I knew that it was snowy in the desert in the north, or the south that spent most of the Spring Festival in the south.
There are two or three peach blossoms outside the bamboo forest, and the ducks playing in the water first notice the warming of the river in early spring.
The beach is covered with Artemisia selengensis and reeds are sprouting short buds. At this time, the puffer fish will swim from the sea to the upper reaches of the river.
The geese flying from the north, like those who return to the north, are reluctant to go and are almost left behind.
Thousands of miles away, I already know that the desert in the north is snowy, so it is better to stay in the spring in the south of the Yangtze River for half a month.
Note: Hui Chong (also known as Hui Chong): a monk in Jianyang, Fujian, one of the nine monks in the early Song Dynasty, can write poems and paint. Night Scene by the River is the title of Hui Chong's paintings. There are two paintings, one is a duck play and the other is a flying goose. Qian Zhongshu's Notes on Selected Poems of Song Dynasty is called Xiaojing. Many annotations are useful for Xiaojing and Night Scene, and the complete works of Dongpo and the annotations before the Qing Dynasty are all useful.
Artemisia selengensis: the name of grass, including Artemisia annua and Artemisia annua. Reed bud: the young bud of reed, which is edible.
Puffer: a kind of fish, the scientific name is Qu. Its meat is delicious, but its ovaries and liver are highly toxic. Produced in coastal areas and some inland rivers of China. Go against the current every spring and lay eggs in fresh water.
Up: refers to going upstream.
Gui Hong: Gui Yan. Broken regiment: leave the flying team.
Yiyi: I don't give up. Returnees: people who go home.
Shuomo: a desert land in the north. Du Fu's poem: "She went out of the Purple Palace into the desert."
Wait: wait; After that.
Appreciation: This poem not only retains the image beauty of the picture, but also gives full play to the advantages of the poem. With its rich charm and mixed pen and ink, the poet makes the spring scenery depicted in the original painting so charming. Su Shi has a new idea while describing according to the picture, which makes the beautiful images in the painting more poetic and charming.
Two or three peach blossoms are blooming outside the bamboo forest, and ducks are swimming in the water. They first noticed the warming of the river in early spring. The beach was covered with Artemisia selengensis and asparagus began to sprout. At this time, puffer fish is a good time to go public and can be sold in the market. (A drifting season)
A good poem on painting should not only be tied to the theme of painting, but also be limited to the content of the picture. It should not only be able to reproduce painting, but also be able to jump out of painting and create new things, so that painting does not lose its independent artistic life. Su Shi's poems can be said to have done this. The first three sentences of the poem are chanting the scenery, and the last sentence is the association caused by the scenery. The whole poem is like a poet's improvisation, and the image is wonderful and natural. In fact, the first three sentences are not exactly the same In the second sentence, the words "water heating" (temperature) and "duck prophet" (perception) cannot be drawn directly. Poetry can be described as picturesque, but the physical properties of poetry are too picturesque. This is because painting belongs to visual art, while poetry is a language art with absolute freedom of expression. The last sentence further develops the association, and on the basis of the objective description of the scenery in the first three sentences, it judges the seasonality of the scenery in the painting, thus adding a strong feeling of the beauty of the southern scenery, which is even more impossible for painting. Regarding the seasonal flavor of puffer fish, Mei wrote a poem "Fan Raozhou eats puffer fish": "Spring buds are born in spring, and poplars fly to the spring shore. When puffer fish, it is not expensive to count fish and shrimp. " Ouyang Xiu's Poem on June 1st said: "The puffer fish often swim in the water at dusk in spring, eating catkins and getting fat. Southerners often divide soup with buds, and the clouds are the most beautiful." Zhang Lei, a student of Su Shi, also recorded in Ming Dow magazine that the Yangtze natives eat puffer fish, "but cook it with Artemisia selengensis, bamboo shoots (that is, reed buds) and shepherd's purse", and think that these three kinds are the best match with puffer fish. This shows that Su Shi's association is well-founded and natural. This is also the beauty of poetry.
The poet first wrote from the side: In the early spring, the earth revived, and the bamboo forest has been dyed green by new leaves. What is more striking is that three or two peach blossoms have blossomed early on the peach tree, which are brightly colored and report the information of spring to people. Then, the poet's line of sight turned from the river to the middle of the river. Ducks that have been looking forward to the whole winter on the shore have already been unable to hold back and rushed to play in the water.
Then, the poet wrote from the middle of the river to the bank, observing and describing the scene of early spring in more detail: because of the moisture of the spring water, the Artemisia on the ground grew new branches and the reed buds spit out; All this shows the vitality of spring and makes people fondle it. The poet further believes that this is the season of puffer fish, which makes people daydream more widely. The whole poem is permeated with a strong and fresh breath of life.
Creation background: Two Night Scenes along the Riverside in Hui Chong are two poems written by Su Shi for Hui Chong in Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan) in the eighth year of Shen Yuanfeng (1085). This poem was written in Jiangyin.
About the author:
Su Shi, (1037 65438+10.8-165438+August 24, 0),No. Zizhan, He Zhong, a famous Taoist of tin cans, Dongpo Jushi,No. Su Dongpo, Su Xian, Han nationality, Meishan, Meizhou (Sichuan Su Shi was a literary leader in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, and made great achievements in poetry, ci, writing, calligraphy and painting. Vertical and horizontal text; Poetry has a wide range of themes, fresh and healthy, uses exaggerated metaphors and has a unique style. Also known as "Su Huang" with Huang Tingjian. Ci is an uninhibited school, and Xin Qiji is the representative of the uninhibited school, also known as "Su Xin"; Prose writing is rich and unrestrained, and he is also called "Ou Su" with Ouyang Xiu, and is one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Su Shi's good book, one of Song Sijia; He is good at literati painting, especially ink bamboo, strange stones and dead wood. Together with Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan and Ouyang Xiu, they are also called "the four great writers of the ages". His works include Seven Chapters of Dongpo, Dongpo Yi Zhuan, Dongpo Yuefu, Xiaoxiang Bamboo Stone Atlas, Ancient Wood and Strange Stone Atlas, etc.