In the vast East China Sea, there is such a creature that swims like a fish, but it is not a fish. People used to call it "squid" or "cuttlefish". It is one of the famous seafood products in China. In Zhejiang, it is called "four economic fish" together with large yellow croaker, small yellow croaker and hairtail, and is deeply loved by consumers.
Cuttlefish is not only fresh, crisp and refreshing, but also rich in protein, which has high nutritional value and medicinal value. Braised soup with dried cuttlefish and mung bean can improve eyesight and reduce fire. The scientific name of "squid plate" is "cuttlefish bone", which is also a common medicinal material in Chinese medicine, and it is called "cuttlebone". However, the famous "squid" seems to be a fish rather than a fish, without the basic characteristics of fish (such as bones, scales, fins, etc. ). Why is it called "fish" again? What kind does it belong to? From the perspective of biological taxonomy, we naturally understand. Our biologists and aquatic experts classify it as shellfish. At this point, people can't help but ask, isn't this like ordinary shellfish? Such as mud clams, SINONOVACULA constricta, meretrix meretrix, abalone, snails, etc. There are single or double shells outside, and the appearance of these shellfish is very different from it. Should belong to the "four unlike", there is no class to return to.
Squid is a large carnivorous mollusk, which is different from ordinary shellfish and has its own evolutionary process. The familiar shellfish, because they carry heavy shells, or bury them in the beach, or climb on rocks, or attach them to fixed objects with enough silk, are waiting for rabbits to filter tiny zooplankton, so the range of activities is very small and the moving speed is very slow; However, in order to take the initiative to attack and grab nutritious food, squid needs more room to move, so its appearance has changed greatly after a long evolutionary process. In order to adapt to swimming, its body is gradually oval and its abdomen is flat; The hull degenerates into calcareous ship, which is wrapped by more and more developed outer film to form trunk; When doing fast movement, there is no swinging function of fish tail fin. We use the hydraulic principle to push the body forward by spraying a water column through the mouth, and the instantaneous swimming speed can exceed that of ordinary fish. Especially when encountering enemy's harm, it not only makes a reverse escape like a rocket, but also releases a "smoke bomb" to spray "ink" from the ink sac, creates a barrier, confuses the other side, and then escapes; Moreover, "ink" contains toxins, which can be used to paralyze the enemy and play a strong defensive role. But this kind of "ink" needs to be stored for a long time, so cuttlefish will not spray "ink" easily unless absolutely necessary. Usually, when the squid roams, it usually moves forward by its fleshy wings and head and wrist. They are both "two-way athletes" and "reverse sprinters".
Because it swims like a fish, there is an ink sac hidden in its abdominal cavity, and coastal fishermen call it "cuttlefish", which is its common name; Moreover, it belongs to shellfish in taxonomy and has scientific basis. The basic structure of shellfish is: the body is soft, not segmented or pseudo-segmented, and usually consists of five parts: head, feet, trunk (visceral sac), mantle and shell; In the mouth, there are jaws and toothed tongues in addition to petabranchia; The nervous system includes ganglion, nerve cord and nerve ring around esophagus. The body cavity retreated to the pericardial cavity. Therefore, squid must be a kind of shellfish, belonging to mollusk, Cephalopoda, Decapoda, sepiidae. It has three genera (Sepiella: 9 species with or without Sepiella; Sepiella maindroni: There is only one species of Sepiella maindroni in China, and Zhejiang produces the most. After squid: there are after squid). There are two kinds of "squid" or "squid" that Wenzhou people refer to, namely "squid without needles" and "golden squid", which are mainly produced in the East China Sea. This is their name. There is little difference in appearance between the two. The main difference is that the former is oval, slightly thinner and without spicules. The dried product is called "moth"; The latter has bone needles, and the dried product is called "dried squid".
It belongs to cephalopods in mollusks. It is produced all over the coastal areas of China, with Zhoushan Islands producing the most. Every year, February-March in Guangdong, April-May in Fujian, May-June in Zhejiang, June-July in Shandong, and Bohai10165438+10 are the peak seasons for production.
There are five pairs of wrists at the front end of the head, four of which are short, each pair of wrists has four rows of suction cups, and the other pair of wrists is very long, only the top end has suction cups; The carcass is slightly flat, oval and gray, with narrow fins. It is located at the whole edge of both sides of the carcass, with separate ends, and there is a back bone (that is, cuttlebone) in the center of the back meat. The male squid has a wide back and spots, and the female fleshy fin is black. China squid is mainly distributed in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, and its wintering period is 65438+February to the end of March. After April, they leave the wintering area to lay eggs and migrate from south to north. This kind of cuttlefish is thick and delicious, and it is a treasure in seafood.