Mr. Pu Liuxian's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, with a concise pen, has no trace of meaning, and its cover was born out of various schools, not only resisting Zuo Shi and Longmen. According to legend, Mr. Wang lives in the village, has no spouse, is particularly eccentric, is a boy scout in the village, is poor and self-sufficient, and does not want others. When writing this book, every morning, I took a big magnetic opium poppy ②, stored bitter tea in it, and put a bag of light tobacco ③ beside the pedestrian road, with Chen Lu lining, and sat on the table, with cigarettes beside me. When you see a passer-by, you must insist on words, seek strange things and say different things, and you will know them with others; If you are thirsty, you can drink tea or offer cigarettes, which will make you talk freely. When I hear something, I whitewash it. If it has been more than 2 years, this book will be published. Therefore, the brushwork is superb. (Zou Tao's Notes on Three Borrowings from Lu)
Notes
(1)[ Zuo Shi, Longmen] refers to Zuo Qiuming and Sima Qian. Zuo Qiuming wrote Zuo Zhuan, and Sima Qian was born in Longmen. (2) [opium poppy (y and ng)] a bottle or jar with a big belly and a small mouth. ③ The old transliteration name of [Tamba] tobacco. (4) [(ch m 4 n)] completed.
Practice
1. Explain the words with dots in the text.
ju () is placed in ()
The word () is the square ()
2. Compare the different meanings of the following groups of words.
① For being a boy scout in the village () ② Therefore, the brushwork is superb ()
Anyone who learns something new by reviewing the past () for the first step ()
3. Summarize the characteristics of Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio in words:
4 What are the reasons for Pu Songling's "superb brushwork"?
reading tips
this paper tells the story of Mr. pu Songling collecting materials when he wrote strange stories from a strange studio.
answer: 1. In; To; Placement; Verb, speak; In this way; Cai
2. Wei: serve as a verb;
Xiang, preposition.
therefore: therefore, adverbs;
old (knowledge), noun.
3. The pen is concise, which means that there is no trace at all, and the cover is born out of various schools, which is not limited to Zuo Shi and Longmen.
4. Long-term and large-scale collection and collation of materials from the people
Translation
When Pu Songling is writing this book, he carries a large porcelain every day, which is filled with strong tea and a pack of tobacco, and puts it beside the road where pedestrians pass by for the following use. When you see a pedestrian passing by, you must hold him and talk to him. Collect strange stories and tell strange things. Whatever people know (can); When (passers-by) are thirsty, respectfully invite people to drink tea, or respectfully offer tobacco, and make sure that passers-by enjoy themselves before stopping. I overheard something and whitewashed it when I got home. After more than twenty years like this, the book Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio was completed. 2. Wang Fuchuan answers to reading classical Chinese
Wang Fu, whose name is Chu Yang, is from Gu 'an. In the seventh year of orthodoxy (1442), he was admitted to Jinshi. Grant punishment to the matter. Loud voice, magnificent appearance, good at stating your own ideas. Be promoted to general political participation. First, he invaded the capital and invited ministers to go out to meet the emperor. Everyone was afraid to go, and Wang Fu asked for a trip. So he was promoted to the right Tongzheng, acting as assistant minister of the Ministry of Rites, and went with Zhao Rong, the Chinese calligrapher. The enemy exposed the blade and threatened them, and Wang Fu and others were not afraid of it. After returning, he still served as a general political affairs and was promoted to a general political envoy.
in the first year of Chenghua (1465), the general officer's office of Yansui was able to pursue and attack the Hetao people, and the emperor issued a decree to reward them. Wang Fu thought it inappropriate to go to war for 7 miles, and he was worried that he would start a dispute because he hoped for unexpected success. Please tell him by decree. The emperor thought he was right. Be promoted to Shangshu.
Chen Jue is a painter. By the time of his death, nephew Chen Xi requested to inherit 1 households. Wang Fu said: "Heredity is an order of the first emperor, but it is not a meritorious military service and should not be allowed." So stop.
Maoli children invaded the border, and the emperor ordered Wang to come back to Beijing to inspect the frontier garrison in Shaanxi. From Yansui to Gansu, observing the terrain, he suggested: "Yansui starts from the bank of the Yellow River in the east and reaches Dingbianying in the west, lingering for more than 2, miles. All the dangerous passes are in the mainland, but there is no barrier outside the country, and it is only defended by the pier. Instead, the army is stationed inside, while the people live outside. Once the enemy enters the country, the loyalists have not acted, and the people have been plundered. In addition, the southwest arrived in Qingyang, more than 5 miles apart, and the bonfire could not be connected. The bandits arrived and the people did not know. Please move 19 fortresses, such as Fugu and Xiangshui, and put them in important places close to the frontier. And from Anbianying to Qingyang, from Dingbianying to Huanzhou, one pier is built every twenty miles, which is 34 * *. Trenches and city walls are built with the terrain in order to hear each other quietly and be easy to defend. " After the throne was presented, the emperor followed his advice.
reassign Wang fu to the Ministry of industry. Wang Fu strictly abides by laws and regulations, and his reputation exceeds that of the Ministry of War. At that time, the Chinese officials requested to build a cloister in the northwest of the imperial city, and Wang Fu proposed to slow it down. Gao fei also said that disasters are frequent, and it is not appropriate to make ten thousand people do useless things. The emperor won't even allow it. The middle officer led the Teng Xiang Four Guards and asked for cotton tops and shoes and trousers. Wang Fujian refused, saying, "The imperial court made these things originally for the soldiers who went out to war, so that they would leave today without bothering to sew them. The Beijing army supplies cloth and cotton for winter clothes every year. This is an established system. How can it be changed? " In response to the death of the French king Geshbar, the Chinese official requested to build a temple and tower. Wang Fu said, "All the merciful French kings only built towers, not temples. This system should not be created now. " So he just ordered the tower to be built, or sent 4 thousand soldiers for his service.
Wang Fuxi likes to learn ancient books, abides by the principle of honesty and restraint, has no talent in dealing with people, and is an official who knows everything. He has served in the Ministry of Industry for twelve years, and when he was confronted with disasters, the admonisher said that he was aging, and Wang Fu asked for retirement. The emperor forbid it. After two months, the remonstrator impeached Wang Fu again. The emperor then issued a decree ordering him to resign and return home. After his death, he was given to the Prince Taibao, Mi Hao Zhuang Jian. 3. Hao Jingchun's biography of classical Chinese reading answers
Translation for reference:
Hao Jingchun, the word Heman, is from Jiangdu. After having obtained the township examination, he was given the instruction of Yancheng, and he was dismissed and returned home because of his mistakes. He was appointed as the supervisor of Wanshou Temple in Yuanma, Shaanxi Province, and later transferred to Huangzhou Zhaomo to act as the agent of Huang An County. Just three days after his arrival, the peasant rebel army suddenly attacked the city. Jingchun and others held on for eight days and eight nights, and the rebel army withdrew.
in the 11th year of Chongzhen (1638), he was promoted to the position of magistrate of Fangxian County. Luo Rucai, the leader of the peasant uprising army, led the ninth battalion to ask Xiong Wencan to surrender. Wencan agreed to surrender, and you hesitated again. Jingchun rode alone to the rebel barracks to persuade him, and made an alliance with Rucai and his companions Bai Gui and Heiyunxiang. You just surrendered to Wencan Military Gate, and all his battalions were stationed in Zhuxi Valley, Baokang and Shangjin, and you and Gui and Yunxiang were stationed in the suburbs of Fangxian County. At that time, the walls of Yunyang counties were destroyed, and only Fangxian county relied on Jingchun to appease it, which was generally defensible. However, in the meantime, the residents were uneasy day and night. Jingchun, Zhu Bangwen, the chief bookkeeper, and Yang Daoxuan, the garrison, repaired fortifications on the one hand, and lived in harmony with the rebel battalions on the other.
In May of the 12th year of Chongzhen (1639), Zhang Xianzhong rebelled against Ming Dynasty in dispatch troops, Gucheng, and asked you to act together. Jing Chunzi, Hao Mingluan, is still a student, and he has the courage to be defeated by thousands of people. He said to his father, "Fangxian City is the enemy's target, and there are only 2 tired and thin soldiers. How can the city be held?" Then he put on his armor and went to see you and said, "Don't you read the oath you swore with my father when you burned incense?" I hope you will be careful not to make trouble with Zhang Xianzhong. " You made a false promise. Ming Luan realized that your promise was not sincere, and he came back to defend the city with Dao Xuan, while the striker sent by Xian Zhong had arrived at the gate. Ming Luan and other rebel generals went to Tianlong and sent envoys to Xiong Wencan for help. They went fourteen times, but they didn't see Wen Can.
Soon, a large group of rebel troops went to the gate of Fangxian County, offering loyal soldiers to play a white flag, while Rucai's team played a red flag. Suddenly the two armies joined together and laid siege to each other. Rebel generals Bai Gui and Hei Yunxiang shouted to the city: "Give us the city and make sure nothing happens." Dedication made Zhang Dajing come to surrender. Jingchun cursed in the city, reprimanded and defended and fought for five days and five nights. The rebel army lost a lot, Xian Zhong's left foot was injured, and his beloved war horse was also killed. Zhang Sanxi, the commander of the garrison, opened the north gate to let you into the city, and the city was breached, and Daoxuan died in the street fighting. The great classics urged you to persuade Jingchun to surrender, but Jingchun refused. When he asked him where the treasures were, Jingchun snapped, "If there are any treasures in the treasury, you can't break the city!" The rebel army killed a canon of history and a garrison to intimidate him, but Jingchun never gave in and was killed along with his son Ming Luan. His servants Chen Yi and Zhu Bangwen all died. When the court heard about it, it gave Jing Chun Shangbao Shaoqing, built a shrine to worship, and later gave it to Shaoqing in Taibu Temple. 4. Yan Dunfu's answer to reading classical Chinese
Yan Dunfu was the great-grandson of Prime Minister Shu. He studied less in Cheng Yi, so he was curious. He was the first scholar, and he was the judge of the Imperial Examination Station. At the beginning of Shaoxing, he was recommended by the minister, and he was called to try out the library post. He was appointed as a Langguan in the ancestral temple and moved to the official department, so that he could abide by the law and learn about Guixi County. He would have a promising future. Liu Guangshi, the envoy of Huaixi Xuanfu, invited Huaidong to privately own Huaixi field, and the emperor promised it. Dunfu said: "It's easy to privately own an acre of land before I heard that it was handled unscathed by the imperial court. Compared with Yue Fei, an official who works in the imperial court in private affairs, flying invites crimes, which is called beauty at home and abroad. It is said that there are ancient sages who will wind up. The world will never fly, and begging to show the world with the words of ministers. Why do you have to worry about the private plan? "The assistant minister of the official department is also responsible for making a detailed decree. After crossing the river, the ordinary matter was initiated, and all the four choices were ruled by the law. Dunfu was just strict, so please pay no attention to it, and all the officials agreed to it, except to give it to the official department. On the Winter Solstice Festival, the Ministry was ordered to take 4 yuan from the official department. Dunfu played: Then I went to bed. Some soldiers missed the announcement and got the gist, and Wu Qiu, a doctor, got the gist of it, and was exempted from the test. Dun repeated: "The slightest soldier, even the sacred sage, and the medical officer were exempted from the test, are all bad laws. Since worshiping Ning and Daguan, traitors have bullied their work and taken the gist of the situation, which is called' secretly winning the command', and the discipline has been corrupted, leading to danger and chaos. It's hard to clarify. "I changed my mind to Yuan Zhou. I played again:" Calling heirs can't be a supervisor or a minister. "I lived in the right province for two months, arguing against all 24 things, and those who discussed them feared it. I became an assistant minister of the official department. When I saw the comet, I asked for the truth. I repeated:" In the past, Kang Cheng took' the wise men hid, and the four people moved to the industry, and the upper and lower sides were partial, and the sense of shame disappeared. " If it is caused by trouble, it can make the four people move their businesses; Its winding and sealing can make the upper and lower sides partial; Its false pet steals power and pretends to be vulgar, which can make the shame disappear; Its crime of falsely accusing others of meritorious deeds can confuse the reputation with the truth; If you hide your intelligence, you will be able to keep the truth from being heard. I am willing to guard against the delay to help you cope with the reality of heaven. "Also, I said:" Bilai Baisi refuses to take responsibility, and trivial matters depend on the province. If something goes wrong, it bothers the listener in heaven, and more examples will be taken. Therefore, it is necessary to control the troubles, not to reduce the division, and to listen to every detail, but not to be in politics. " If you don't fear me, you know it's not tempting me. If you call it self-defeating, you will be wronged by something else. What can you do if you send an envoy in the name of an imperial edict? If you follow one or two of them, then you can order me to do something, which is slightly different, that is, the end of the trouble, the survival of the country, all in its grasp. "When Qin Gui Fang Li praised the theory of self-denial, the discussion rose up, although the plan was decided, but he did not dare to do it. Goulong Ruyuan said, it is appropriate to choose people as Taiwan officials, so that the different theories can be defeated, and then things will be carried out. So Ruyuan, Shi Tingchen, and so on. Begging and expelling, Du Qun wasted the door, striving for autonomy and self-improvement. "He joined the same class as Tao and others to fight for it. The ambassador told Dunfu:" The public can obey, and the two places can arrive any day. "Dunfu said:" I will not mistake my country for my body, but my ginger and laurel nature will get hotter when I get old. Please don't say anything. " It's not as good as being the one who opened it. "To be ashamed and grateful, it's to recover. At first, the courtiers congratulated each other, and Dunfu said with a unique melancholy:" The traitor looks like me. "Zhang Zhiyuan and Wei Zhi all exaggerated what they said when they heard about it. Even when they fled to the court, Dunfu said," You said that Qin was a traitor, but you didn't think so. The minister in charge of the official department is also an envoy of Jiang, Huai and other routes. In the story, the attendants passed through the Prime Minister's Pavilion, and when they retired, the Prime Minister must send them several steps. When they saw the pavilion again, they did not send it. Every time, they said, "People will insult themselves and then others will insult them." After seeking an invitation, they learned Quzhou from the scholar of Baowenge, and raised Mingdao Palace of Bozhou. He lived in seclusion for several years and died at the age of 71. When he was silent, he made a statement on the court. Lin 'an sent someone to send him to Zhaozhou with instruments of torture. Dunfu went to visit Zhang Cheng, the minister, and said, "Everyone knows that Hu Quan was demoted because of his comments when he was a prime minister, and the people who govern divination must never do such a thing." Zhang Cheng apologized shamefully, so he chased after Hu Quan's instruments of torture. When Qin Gui first became prime minister, all the people in the court came to congratulate him. Only Dunfu said with a worried look, "The traitor villain has become the prime minister." Zhang Zhiyuan and Wei Zhi all thought that he was exaggerating when they heard this. When Hu Quan was framed this time, Dunfu said to people, "I used to say that Qin Gui was a traitor villain, but you all thought that I was wrong. Now he dares to do such a thing as soon as he holds power, and he will do it again in the future. Dunfu is a senior official of the official department, and concurrently serves as the official in Jianghuai and other places. According to the old practice, he is going to report to the Prime Minister's Cabinet. When he quits, the Prime Minister must send him a few steps. But Dunfu has never seen Qin Gui come out to see him off, so he often says to people, "People must insult themselves first, and then others insult him." Soon, he asks for a transfer, and he becomes the magistrate of Quzhou as a bachelor of Baowenge, and supervises the Mingdao Palace of Bozhou. He died at the age of seventy-one. Dunfu was taciturn as if he couldn't speak, but he never taboo anything in court proceedings. The emperor once commented on him like this: "You dare to speak as a honest and frank, but you didn't humiliate your ancestors." 5. Fan Ranchuan's answer to reading classical Chinese
1. Pronounce and explain the words added in the following sentences.
read the pronunciation while eating porridge: righteousness: eat, eat
don't use water to wash your face: righteousness: watering
eating doesn't give Ji sound: righteousness: helping
and even being slandered by chán: righteousness: slandering.