1 Appearance, biological characteristics and production performance of princess chicken
1. 1 Appearance and biological characteristics
Princess chicken is petite, strange in appearance and light in posture. Dai Fengguan has an independent small triangular crown in front of the crown, which is bean-shaped and extends into a "V"-shaped fleshy horn crown. The color is bright red, and the back looks like a large spherical black and white flower feather bundle, especially like a western lady's hat. A moustache covers part of the eyelids, so that people can only see big and flexible eyes, small and short beaks and big nostrils exposed. Wearing blue, black and white flaky feathers, you strut and your feathers shake. A large group of people gathered together, which was very beautiful and had unique ornamental value. There is a distance on the foot, five claws. After sexual maturity, the rooster croaked and the hen croaked "Duo Duo". Princess chicken has strong adaptability and good cold and heat resistance. Eat a wide range of food, grow faster, and don't peck eggs. Gentle temperament, not good at pecking, like to live in groups, not afraid of people, tapping the net cover with your fingers outside the sports ground can attract the imperial concubine to peck her fingers. Weak flying ability, like sunshine.
1.2 production performance
Hens can lay eggs about 180 days old, and each hen lays about 150 ~ 180 eggs a year. The eggshell is white, with an average egg weight of 40 grams. Adult hens weigh about 1. 1 ~ 1.25 kg, and cocks weigh about 1.5 ~ 1.75 kg. Under good feeding and management conditions, eggs can be laid in March-February every year. The fertilization rate and hatching rate of fertilized eggs are about 90% from March to August and 80% from September to February. The average weight of 1 day-old commercial chickens is 33 grams, 268 grams at the age of 25 days, 475 grams at the age of 40 days (attached: random weighing at the time of inoculation), and the market weight at the age of 90 days is 900 ~ 1 100 grams. Feed commercial broiler pellets and add appropriate amount of imported fish meal, and the ratio of meat to feed is 1: 3.5.
2. Key points of incubation technology of imperial concubine chicken
Princess chickens are not strong, and their offspring can be hatched by electric incubation, and the incubation period is 2 1 day. In order to improve the hatching rate of fertilized eggs, the following technical points should be mastered.
2. 1 Disinfect the eggs in time.
Eggs can be stored at room temperature of 13 ~ 15℃ for 5 ~ 7 days at most. Before hatching, it should be soaked in 0.2 ‰ potassium permanganate solution for 2 minutes, dried and hatched.
2.2 Control temperature and humidity.
The temperature of 1 ~ 18 days after hatching is 37.8 ~ 38.0℃ in winter and 37.5℃ in summer. 19, and the suitable temperature is 37.2℃ in winter and 37.0℃ in summer. The relative humidity requirements are: 1 ~ 18, 60%, 19 ~ 2 1 70%. The methods of increasing humidity are: adding a water tray or wet towel to the machine; Spray warm water on the egg noodles, etc.
2.3 Flip the eggs and take photos of them.
On 1 ~ 18, turn the eggs every 2-4 hours, remove unfertilized eggs and dead embryo eggs once on May-7, turn the live embryo eggs into the incubator twice on 19, and stop turning the eggs and wait for hatching. During dystocia, the eggshell can be gently peeled off by artificial midwifery.
3. Key points of brooding technology of imperial concubine chicken
3. 1 Do a good job in disinfection of brooding rooms, utensils and padding.
(1) brooding house: thoroughly clean the dust on the walls and eaves, wash the walls and floors with tap water, brush the walls with 20% lime milk after drying, then scrub the floors and walls 1 m above the ground with 3% caustic soda water, and finally close the doors and windows and fumigate them with formaldehyde for 24 hours. (2) Utensils: Wash trays and drinking fountains with clear water, then soak them in 0. 1% bromogeramine solution 1 hour, finally rinse them with clear water and dry them in the sun for later use. (3) Cushion: Before use, dry in the sun and spray 1/500 ~ 1/600 84 disinfectant.
3.2 Give appropriate temperature and humidity.
Brooding temperature is the key to the success of brooding. The suitable temperature for 1 ~ 2 days is 32℃, which can be reduced by 0.5℃ every day. Although the princess chicken has strong cold resistance, it still needs to keep the room temperature at about 22℃ at 2 1 ~ 30 days old, so the brooding house should be equipped with sufficient heating equipment, such as iron stove with smoke pipe, insulation umbrella or electric heating plate. The relative humidity should be 65% ~ 70% in the early stage and 55% ~ 60% in the later stage. In the brooding house, it is necessary to guard against thieves and wind. When the weather is good or the chickens are active, open the window for a while to take a breath.
3.3 Give full-price compound feed and clean drinking water.
Full-price powder can be fed to laying hens, with 4% imported fish meal and 6% feed yeast powder, the feed crude protein can reach about 25%, which is beneficial to the growth and development of chicks. Feed all day and eat freely, but pay attention to feeding less and adding more. It is best to use clean cold boiled water for drinking water.
3.4 Strengthen management
(1) timely group expansion. With the increase of age, the feeding density should be gradually evacuated from about 60 to about 30 per square meter.
(2) Pay attention to hygiene: clean trays and drinking fountains frequently; Replace wet and dirty pads in time.
(3) Observe frequently, pay more attention to prevention and control, and make records: ① Feeding managers should carefully observe the spirit, appetite, feces and breathing of chicks every day. When sick chickens are found, they should be isolated and treated in time; If dead chickens are found, they should be dissected and diagnosed in time, and the right medicine should be given; (2) regular disinfection, vaccination in strict accordance with the immunization program, and make records of various forms.
4. Key technical points of feeding and management of imperial concubine breeder chickens
4. 1 Do a good job in seed selection
The first selection was carried out at the age of 90 days. Male hens with complete appearance characteristics and up-to-standard weight were selected as backup breeders, and other chickens were classified as commercial broilers. 180-day-old second seed selection requires roosters to be agile and sexually active; Hens have bright eyes, flexible eyes and moderate fat.
4.2 Feed and drinking water
Reserve breeders can be limited to feeding young layers twice a day, and each chicken is about100g per day. Laying hens can be fed with 2% imported fish meal and 5% feed yeast powder three times a day, each1.25g. Provide clean drinking water all day.
4.3 Strengthen management
① density. 8 ~ 10 breeders should raise in the house every square meter, and there should be more than twice the playground outside the house. Laying hens are raised in the shed with 4 ~ 5 hens per square meter, and each group has 100 ~ 150 hens. The ratio of male to female is 1: 7 ~ 8, and the service life is generally 3 years. It is best to have a calcium pool in the playground, and put some shell powder or limestone in the pool. ② illumination. Natural light is suitable for backup breeders, and the daily light time of laying hens should reach 15 ~ 16/ hour, and the lights should be turned on and off regularly. ③ Pay attention to hygiene, prevent and treat diseases. Clean up indoor and outdoor feces every day, pay attention to the observation of chickens, and prevent diseases in time. 4 others. Check the eggs regularly to ensure the hygiene of the egg box, and it is best to have a habitat indoors and outdoors.
5. Prevention and control measures of main diseases of princess chicken
5. 1 Newcastle disease
At the age of 5 days and 25 days, Newcastle disease vaccine was used for eye drops and nasal drops respectively. 40, 135 days old were injected with vaccine I once, and breeders were injected with 1 vaccine again during the delivery period. The epidemic area should be injected with series I vaccine urgently.
5.2 bursal disease
10 and 30 days old, vaccinated with attenuated vaccine once each; Inactivated vaccine was injected into muscle one month before laying eggs and 38 ~ 40 weeks old. At the onset of the disease, highly immune yolk liquid can be injected into muscle, and inactivated vaccine can be inoculated once after 7 ~ 10 days.
5.3 white dysentery
/kloc-at the age of 0/~ 20 days, norfloxacin powder is alternately mixed into the feed according to the instructions for use to prevent it (attached: stop taking medicine at the age of 3 ~ 7 days). Adding 1% chopped garlic to feed can not only increase appetite, but also prevent diseases.
5.4 Coccidiosis
20-60-day-old chickens can be prevented by alternately mixing appropriate amounts of chlorpheniramine, Keqiu powder and other drugs (attached: stop taking drugs at 23-27 days old and 38-42 days old). Flat farming and high temperature and high humidity environment are the most likely to cause coccidiosis outbreaks.
5.5 Avian Ascariasis
If the ground is flat, it is best to deworm once every two months. First of all, the medicine is Quyuling, which has less side effects on poultry.