The leaning tower of Pisa is 58.36 meters high from the foundation to the top of the tower and 55 meters high from the ground to the top of the tower. The wall of the bell tower is 4.09 meters wide on the ground and 2.48 meters wide on the top of the tower, with a total weight of about 14453 tons, and its center of gravity is 22.6 meters above the foundation. The circular foundation covers an area of 285 square meters and the average ground pressure is 497 kPa. The inclination angle is 3.99 degrees, 2.5 meters away from the outer edge of the foundation, and the top floor protrudes 4.5 meters.
The original design height of the leaning tower of Pisa was 100 meters, but after five or six years of construction, the tower body began to tilt from the third floor until it was completed. After the completion of the construction, the top of the tower tilted 3.5 meters to the south. It was not until 1990 that the Italian government closed it down and began to renovate it. After nearly 1 1 year, it cost 25 million yuan to pull the leaning tower of Pisa to 44 cm. Experts say it can last for 300 years without collapse.
For the construction of the leaning tower of Pisa, the inclined shape was not deliberately built at first, but it was inexplicably inclined during the construction process. Through the research of experts, it is found that the leaning tower of Pisa is inclined because of the particularity of the soil layer under its foundation. Under the leaning tower of Pisa, there are several layers of soil with different materials. All kinds of soft silt and extremely soft clay deposits are alternately formed, and the groundwater layer is about one meter deep. This conclusion is obtained after observing the composition of foundation soil layer. The latest excavation shows that the bell tower was built on the edge of the ancient coast, so the soil was desertified and sank when it was built.