It takes about twelve hours for food to enter the body and be digested and excreted.
The first step of digestion: the chewed food → enters the stomach → the enzymes in digestive juices such as pancreatic juice and gastric juice are transformed into small molecular substances (amino acids, glucose, etc.);
The second step is absorption: digested chyme enters the small intestine and small molecular substances (amino acids, glucose, etc.) are absorbed into the blood.
The third step is intestinal metabolism: the residue enters the large intestine → (intestinal flora) produces vitamins → the large intestine absorbs the residue moisture → the stool is dehydrated and dried.
Step 4: Excretion from the body: Excretion of feces through anus.
Why do poop have all kinds of colors?
The composition of poop mainly includes three aspects: undigested food residue, skin cells in intestinal digestive juice and bile.
What color poop is depends mainly on bile and intestinal bacteria:
Bile: It is golden yellow or brown. The role of bile is to help the baby digest protein, sugar and fat in food;
Intestinal bacteria: As the baby grows and develops, the aseptic state in the intestine begins to be filled with all kinds of beneficial bacteria to help the baby digest.
How to judge the fecal status
Observing the baby's poop can be observed from four aspects: shape, color, size and smell, and combined with the baby's sleep, appetite and weight gain.
The Dutch research institute has studied the fecal morphology of 555 infants under 4 months old and obtained the "Amsterdam Infant Feces Identification Table".
First of all, the baby's poop can't be the same every day. The food and complementary food they eat are different and the color is different.
Secondly, the frequency of baby's defecation is closely related to the frequency of feeding. If the feeding frequency is high, the frequency of defecation in one day is different, and 1~5 times a day is normal. As long as you eat well, you are not depressed, or your height and weight increase too slowly, you don't have to worry too much about the shape, frequency and color of your stool.
Third, if the baby has dry stool, diarrhea, pus and blood, you need to seek medical advice in time.
Five types of healthy poop
Medically, the Bresto classification can be divided into seven types based on the moisture in the baby's stool. The middle is normal, and the more you go to both sides, the more you need to pay attention.
0 1 newborn
Features: The stool is even, dark green and sticky.
Change: For babies about 30 days old, the feces will turn from yellow to yellow-green and green. The baby's nerve development is still not perfect. When pooping, it will cause the whole body muscles to contract and the little face will turn red. With the age, their state will gradually disappear.
02 Breastfeeding
Features: golden yellow or golden, pasty, with occasional granules and sourness.
Change: As long as the baby is well developed, you don't need to worry too much about it if it is arranged 2~6 times a day or once every few days.
03 formula milk powder
Features: yellow-brown, khaki, dark and sticky compared with breast milk, with occasional white clots and a slight odor.
Change: 1~2 times a day, compared with breast milk, the amount is large and constipation is easy.
PS: The poop of mixed feeding baby is similar to this kind, but it will be softer and lighter in color.
04 Add complementary food
Features: Brown, thicker and more smelly than pure breast milk.
Change: After adding protein and starchy food, the baby's feces become larger, especially adding fruits and vegetables, which will gradually be similar to that of adults. Don't worry too much if there are food residues in the feces. You can cut the food into smaller pieces appropriately, and this phenomenon will gradually decrease with the improvement of their chewing ability.
Poor stool
If the baby does not have poor spirits, poor appetite, slow growth, etc., the mothers can adjust the baby's diet properly.
0 1 dyspepsia
Features: yellow poop, green poop, poop with milk flap, and dilute poop.
Protein indigestion → If the stool is yellowish brown, thin, mixed with a few milk petals, and accompanied by rotten eggs. Parents can appropriately reduce the amount of milk and reduce the intake of protein in complementary food;
Carbohydrate indigestion → the stool is watery and foamy, so it is necessary to reduce starchy and sugary foods;
Fat indigestion → slightly buttery, slightly thinner than peanut butter, so it is necessary to reduce oily foods.
02 get angry
Features: dry, granular and cracked.
Symptoms: This is the performance of the baby getting angry. You can add some water between two meals of milk powder; If complementary food has been added, it is necessary to increase the amount of foods containing dietary fiber and sufficient water, such as fruits and vegetables.
Poop that needs attention
If the baby's poop suddenly changes one day, parents must pay more attention.
0 1 green poop
Features: green, thin, and foamy and sticky.
Iron in formula milk → There is some iron in formula milk. After digestion and contact with air, it will appear dark green. When the baby eats formula milk, it will also appear dark green. If they defecate too much, have diarrhea, or occasionally bring blood samples and mucus, they need to seek medical attention in time;
Hungry green poop → If the baby is not full, their intestinal peristalsis will accelerate instead, and biliverdin will easily appear green poop before it becomes bilirubin. If the baby is crying, the stool is sparse, there is more mucus, and the number of defecations is less, which is probably caused by not eating enough;
Excessive sugar intake → If the mother eats too much high-sugar and high-starch food, it is easy for the baby to turn green when breastfeeding; At the same time, the fat content in the second half of breast milk is higher than that in the front, so when feeding, you should feed one side empty and then feed the other side.
02 shiny poop
Features: light yellow, shiny and sliding back and forth.
Analysis: This is because the baby eats too much food with high fat content, which leads to the production of too many fatty acids in the intestinal cavity, which stimulates the intestinal mucosa and leads to the aggravation of intestinal peristalsis.
03 smelly poop
Protein neutralizes gastric acid, which leads to the decrease of acidity in gastric juice, and protein can't be fully digested and absorbed. At the same time, the bacteria in the intestinal cavity decompose and metabolize, which will also lead to the baby's foul poop.
If the baby who drinks breast milk suddenly has a terrible stool, accompanied by diarrhea and fever, he should seek medical advice in time.
04 bloody stool
If you find the following four situations, you must seek medical advice in time.
Tarky poop: black and bright. Most of them are related to duodenal ulcer and chronic gastritis bleeding;
Bright red: Sticking to the surface of stool, mostly related to anal and anal diseases;
Red jam-like: there is blood and mucus in the stool, which is related to intestinal bleeding, intussusception, amebic dysentery and acute enteritis;
Pale red and fishy: often associated with acute hemorrhagic necrotizing enteritis.
05 egg drop poop
Features: yellow, egg pattern, mucus, white block.
It is very likely that the baby has fecal viral enteritis or Escherichia coli enteritis.
06 Lime-like poop
Features: grayish white, hard texture, accompanied by odor.
This kind of stool, also known as "clay stool", is common in intestinal obstruction or congenital biliary obstruction, which will lead to liver damage if not treated in time.
At the same time, if the baby drinks too much milk or lacks sugar during eating, it will also form fat soap, which is caused by the combination of calcium and magnesium in food and fatty acids in the body.
07 bean curd residue poop
Features: bean curd residue, with mucus, mainly yellow-green
It may be related to fungal enteritis and thrush.
Bao Ma should pay more attention to the baby's eating status and defecation status, and need to seek medical advice in time when there are obvious adverse reactions. At the same time, it is best to breastfeed and choose milk powder scientifically. When adding complementary food after 6 months, it is necessary to match meat and vegetables, and the nutrition is diverse and balanced, mainly cooking and stewing, and less frying food for the baby. If you find something unusual in the stool, you should adjust the type of food in time according to the shape of the stool or seek medical advice in time.