Endemic fluorosis is the abbreviation of endemic fluorosis caused by coal burning pollution. The diseases caused by fluorosis mainly include dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis. The endemic areas are mainly distributed in Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan, Chongqing and other places in the southwest of China. The western mountainous areas of Hunan and Hubei and Ankang area of Shaanxi are also endemic areas. For the sake of people's health, the national health department began to implement the prevention and control of endemic fluorosis in these areas, and Pu 'an Village, Qingchi Town, Jinsha County is also one of the villages where the prevention and control work was officially carried out. Therefore, since 2007, our town has carried out large-scale publicity work on this work, which has laid a solid foundation for the development of our people's health work.
The school selects CDs about endemic fluorosis from the distance education courseware issued by the county distance education office, and distributes the courseware to all distance education centers according to the population proportion of the whole village; At the same time, each distance education point is required to copy and burn the distributed courseware according to the number of distance education players established in the village, so as to ensure that each distance education player has at least one CD about endemic fluorosis.
The school downloaded a lot of audio and video files about the harm of endemic fluorosis and its prevention from the Internet, and used the time of holding parent-teacher conferences and agricultural technology training meetings to carry out video teaching publicity and training for the masses. At the same time, the downloaded audio and video files were burned into CDs and quickly added to the hands of distant education broadcasters, which greatly enriched the teaching resources and truly achieved the publicity atmosphere of learning for households.
You see, my home is a broadcaster. I saw at home that the learning and training process of CDs is really different from the general publicity and training. Because it is the simultaneous playback of audio and video files, the examples in it are just like those around you, so you can connect it with yourself or someone invisibly and read all the contents unconsciously. Especially in the section on how to prevent, the methods of simulating construction plan, equipment installation sequence, food drying and storage, food preparation before eating, etc. on the screen are very easy to accept because of their brief and clear explanations.
No wonder many people in the village are saying that the distance education broadcasters contacted by the school are really good helpers in spreading the knowledge of endemic fluorosis prevention.
The composition about endemic fluorosis is about 450 words.
Because the endemic fluorosis in our province is caused by fluorine released from coal burning, the most effective, simple and economical preventive measure is to improve the stove to prevent indoor air and food from being polluted by fluorine.
The key to improving the stove is to install good smoke exhaust facilities such as furnace cover and chimney (pipe), which can effectively discharge smoke and dust outdoors.
For this reason, it is required that the stove body is firm and does not leak smoke, the furnace rings are closely matched, the chimney protrudes vertically and unobstructed from the roof for more than two feet (the height of the chimney is more than 3.5 meters when it protrudes from the side), and the smoke pipe of the heating iron furnace must extend outside.
On the basis of improving the stove, the drying and storage methods of food should be changed. After harvesting, corn and pepper should be dried outdoors and dried. When drying is urgently needed in rainy days, it can be dried in flue-cured tobacco room.
After the food is dried, don't hang it above the stove or on the kang basketry for a long time. It should be sealed and preserved to avoid soot pollution to the food.
When rebuilding or building a new house, the kitchen should be separated from the living room, so that soot can not directly enter the living room, and at the same time, a small granary should be built to store food, so as to reduce the fluorine pollution of food during storage.
Also known as endemic fluorosis, it is a chronic systemic disease caused by long-term intake of excessive fluorine, mainly manifested as dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis.
The disease is widely distributed, and almost all provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China have endemic areas except overseas.
Fluoride is widely distributed in nature and exists in the form of compounds. Fluoride in soil is soluble in water and easily absorbed by animals and plants.
The absorption of fluoride in intestine is related to its water solubility.
Because most fluorine in water is soluble, the absorption rate is often above 90%.
About 40%~80% of fluorine in food is soluble, so the absorption rate is also high.
The disease is divided into two types according to the intake route. One is drinking water, which is caused by drinking water with high fluorine content for a long time. This type is widely distributed, and 90% of patients belong to this type.
The other type is coal-burning type, that is, the fluorine content in coal in a specific area is too high, and local residents are used to burning coal and baking food, which leads to the increase of fluorine content in indoor air and baked food, which leads to the occurrence of this disease.
This disease occurs most frequently in Guizhou.
Now the Ministry of Education has added endemic fluorosis to the curriculum of primary and secondary schools, so that every student can understand and applaud the prevention and treatment methods.
The composition of the fifth grade of endemic fluorosis
Prevention of endemic fluorosis, also known as endemic fluorosis, is a chronic systemic disease caused by long-term intake of excessive fluorine, mainly manifested as dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis.
The disease is widely distributed, and almost all provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China have endemic areas except overseas.
Fluoride is widely distributed in nature and exists in the form of compounds. Fluoride in soil is soluble in water and easily absorbed by animals and plants.
The absorption of fluoride in intestine is related to its water solubility.
Because most fluorine in water is soluble, the absorption rate is often above 90%.
About 40%~80% of fluorine in food is soluble, so the absorption rate is also high.
The disease is divided into two types according to the intake route: one is drinking water, that is, drinking water with high fluorine content for a long time and getting sick, which is widely distributed and 90% of patients belong to this type; The other type is coal-burning type, that is, the fluorine content in coal in a specific area is too high, and local residents are used to burning coal and baking food, which leads to the increase of fluorine content in indoor air and baked food, which leads to the occurrence of this disease.
This disease occurs most frequently in Guizhou.
...
A composition on endemic fluorosis
Prevention of endemic fluorosis, also known as endemic fluorosis, is a chronic systemic disease caused by long-term intake of excessive fluorine, mainly manifested as dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis.
The disease is widely distributed, and almost all provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China have endemic areas except overseas.
Fluoride is widely distributed in nature and exists in the form of compounds. Fluoride in soil is soluble in water and easily absorbed by animals and plants.
The absorption of fluoride in intestine is related to its water solubility.
Because most fluorine in water is soluble, the absorption rate is often above 90%.
About 40%~80% of fluorine in food is soluble, so the absorption rate is also high.
The disease is divided into two types according to the intake route: one is drinking water, that is, drinking water with high fluorine content for a long time and getting sick, which is widely distributed and 90% of patients belong to this type; The other type is coal-burning type, that is, the fluorine content in coal in a specific area is too high, and local residents are used to burning coal and baking food, which leads to the increase of fluorine content in indoor air and baked food, which leads to the occurrence of this disease.
This disease occurs most frequently in Guizhou.
1. Because the endemic fluorosis in our province is caused by fluorine released from coal burning, the most effective, simple and economical preventive measure is to improve the stove to prevent indoor air and food from being polluted by fluorine.
The key to improving the stove is to install good smoke exhaust facilities such as furnace cover and chimney (pipe), which can effectively discharge smoke and dust outdoors.
For this reason, it is required that the stove body is firm and does not leak smoke, the furnace rings are closely matched, the chimney protrudes vertically and unobstructed from the roof for more than two feet (the height of the chimney is more than 3.5 meters when it protrudes from the side), and the smoke pipe of the heating iron furnace must extend outside.
2. On the basis of improving the stove, the drying and storage methods of food should be changed. After harvesting, corn, peppers, etc. should be dried outdoors and dried. When it is urgent to dry in rainy days, it can be dried in the flue-cured tobacco room.
After the food is dried, don't hang it above the stove or on the kang basketry for a long time. It should be sealed and preserved to avoid soot pollution to the food.
When rebuilding or building a new house, the kitchen should be separated from the living room, so that soot can not directly enter the living room, and at the same time, a small granary should be built to store food, so as to reduce the fluorine pollution of food during storage.
3. Before eating food, we should develop the habit of elutriation, with the purpose of removing the fluorine attached to the food surface and reducing the body's intake of fluorine.
So we should prevent endemic fluorosis and be healthy people!
A 300-word composition on endemic fluorosis
Maybe everyone is unfamiliar with endemic fluorosis, so let me introduce it.
Endemic fluorosis, also known as endemic fluorosis, is a chronic systemic disease caused by long-term intake of excessive fluorine, mainly manifested as dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis.
The disease is widely distributed, except overseas, ... to reduce the fluorine pollution of food during storage, the furnace rings are closely matched, and the chimney protrudes vertically and unobstructed from the roof more than two feet (the height of the chimney is more than 3.5 meters when it protrudes from the side), and the smoke pipe of the heating iron furnace must extend outside to avoid soot pollution of food.
The economic preventive measures for reconstruction are to improve the stove to prevent indoor air and food from being polluted by fluorine and peppers. After harvesting, they should be dried outdoors and dried. When it is urgent to dry in rainy days, it can be dried in a flue-cured tobacco room.
After food is dried, don't hang it on the stove or kang basketry for a long time, but also change the drying and storage methods of food, corn and market! If it can help you, please adopt it! References:
There seems to be no word 1000. Endemic fluorosis in healthy people is also called endemic fluorosis. It is a chronic systemic disease caused by long-term intake of excessive fluorine, which is easily absorbed by animals and plants, mainly manifested as dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis.
The disease is widely distributed: one is drinking water type.
Therefore, it is required to ensure that the stove body is firm and does not leak smoke, and at the same time build a small granary to store food to prevent endemic fluorosis.
2. On the basis of improving the stove, the kitchen should be separated from the living room when building new houses, so that soot can't directly enter the living room. I don't know if I can help you. Except overseas, all provinces in the country can effectively discharge soot outdoors.
The absorption of fluoride in intestine is related to its water solubility.
Because most fluorine in water is soluble and baked food, the fluorine content in indoor air and baked food increases, which leads to the disease, that is, drinking water with high fluorine content for a long time and getting sick. This type is widely distributed, and 90% of patients belong to this type. The other type is coal-burning, that is, there is too much fluorine in coal in a specific area, and local residents are used to burning coal openly, so the absorption rate is also high.
The disease is divided into two types according to the intake route, so it is the most effective and simple, and almost all the autonomous regions have endemic areas.
Fluorine is widely distributed in nature and exists in the form of compounds. Fluoride in soil is soluble in water.
1. Because the endemic fluorosis in our province is caused by the fluorine released from coal burning that pollutes food and air, the absorption rate is often above 90%.
About 40%~80% of fluorine in food is soluble.
This disease occurs most frequently in Guizhou, so I wonder if I can help you.
3. Before eating food, we should develop the habit of elutriation, with the purpose of removing the fluorine attached to the food surface and reducing the body's intake of fluorine.
So we should prevent endemic fluorosis and be healthy people! ...
Composition for preventing Kaschin-Beck disease
Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD) is an endemic bone disease that occurs in children and takes degeneration and necrosis of articular cartilage, epiphyseal cartilage and epiphyseal cartilage plate as the basic pathological changes.
In China, it is mainly distributed in a long and narrow alpine zone from the northeast to Tibet.
The cause is still not completely clear.
In the epidemic area of this disease, the low selenium content in soil, grain and human hair has a very obvious negative relationship with the disease.
The total amount of humic acid and humic acid (-OH) in water have a very obvious positive correlation with the disease.
The deficiency, surplus and imbalance of trace elements in drinking water in Kaschin-Beck disease area may be the factors that cause malnutrition changes.
In addition, the prevention of Kaschin-Beck disease by "eating grain, improving water and paying attention to hygiene" has achieved good results.
The onset of this disease is young, generally 3- 15 years old children, with high incidence of hands, feet and ankles.
[Clinical manifestations] Typical manifestations are dwarfism, enlarged bone end, limited joint movement and pain.
The earlier the onset age, the more obvious the joint deformation and dwarfism, and the symptoms of adult patients are generally mild and often limited to joints.
[Imaging manifestations] This disease is a systemic, multifocal and chondronecrotic disease that occurs in the process of bone development, and the bone and joint damage will last for life. The X-ray signs are summarized as follows: 1. The metaphyseal edge is vague or uneven, wavy or even jagged.
If the lesion continues to develop, the irregular edge of the phalanx may be broken.
At this point, the joint has no obvious deformation.
2. It is characterized by the beginning of epiphysis and diaphysis fusion.
The epiphysis began to merge from the central part and gradually expanded to the edge. The epiphysis itself was also damaged, segmented and uneven, or it might be completely absorbed.
The metaphyseal end may be a cup-shaped depression, in which bone marrow is embedded to heal early and stop development.
3. The epiphysis is completely fused, the longitudinal development of bone stops, and the diseased bone becomes shorter and thicker.
Because the fusion of metaphyses is different sooner or later, the phalanges can be uneven in length, and the bone ends are wide and deformed, which makes the joints thick.
4. If the epiphyseal end heals, the young people will get sick, and the clinical symptoms are more common and serious.
The joint is damaged relative to the bone end, which can affect the whole joint. It is characterized by Kashin-Beck deformity and may be accompanied by short bones.
5. The series of signs of Kaschin-Beck disease are the repair and secondary changes after cartilage necrosis.
Only after the repaired tissue, especially the bone, is changed and shaped can the lesion develop into regression, stability or deformity.
[Differential diagnosis] The occurrence and development of X-ray signs of Kaschin-Beck disease are related to the age and location of onset.
Therefore, differential diagnosis should be differentiated from chondrodysplasia, rheumatoid arthritis, traumatic or degenerative arthritis and other diseases according to different conditions.
Combined with epidemiological and clinical manifestations, the diagnosis of this disease is not difficult.
I wish you a speedy recovery.
Composition of iodine and high fluoride water (750 words)
China is a country with serious iodine deficiency, and iodine deficiency areas are widely distributed, involving almost the whole country; The population threatened by iodine deficiency disorders is very large, involving almost everyone in the whole society, men, women and children without exception.
The areas with the most serious iodine deficiency disorders are generally remote, inaccessible and backward in economy and culture.
Moreover, iodine supplementation must be persisted for a long time, year after year and generation after generation, otherwise people living in iodine-deficient areas will suffer from iodine deficiency disorders if they do not supplement enough iodine for six months.
In view of the above-mentioned national conditions, in order to eliminate iodine deficiency disorders in China, we must find a convenient, economical, safe and effective iodine supplement measure, which is suitable for the needs of the whole country and all the people.
In the struggle against iodine deficiency disorders, human beings have found a method to prevent iodine deficiency disorders by eating iodized salt. Historical data prove that this method has been used for more than 100 years.
Scientific research and public health surveys in this century have also proved that eating iodized salt is indeed effective in preventing iodine deficiency disorders.
Since 1948, international organizations such as UNICEF, FAO, WHO and the International Committee for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders have strongly supported the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders, and advocated edible iodized salt as the basic method for the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders.
Developed countries still insist on eating iodized salt after eliminating iodine deficiency disorders.
Such as the United States, France, Canada, Japan, etc., because of their high cultural quality, people have a deep understanding of the harm of iodine deficiency and a strong sense of self-care.
Although iodized salt and non-iodized salt are sold at the same time in these countries, the market of iodine-rich foods and health products is very active at the same time, and people who eat non-iodized salt can also get the iodine they need from other ways.
The most fundamental measure to prevent iodine deficiency disorders is iodization of salt.
This is confirmed by the prevention and control work in many countries for nearly a century, and it is the best method among various iodine supplementation methods. It is not only safe, effective, economical and easy to popularize, but also meets the requirements of trace, long-term and daily life.
However, iodine is a very active substance, and the iodine in salt will be lost with the increase of storage time, resulting in less and less iodine content.
Therefore, we should pay attention to the following matters in use to ensure the maximum efficiency of iodized salt.
1, pay attention to the method of preserving iodized salt.
It is necessary to put iodized salt in a glass or ceramic jar with a lid, and put the jar in a cool place without direct sunlight, so as not to heat the salt as much as possible.
Iodized salt is stored in high temperature environment, and the loss of iodine is faster than that in low room temperature environment.
Therefore, the method of preserving iodized salt should be scientific.
In addition, don't buy too much salt at a time, otherwise you will spend the price of iodized salt but not eat iodine.
2, pay attention to cooking methods.
When cooking, we are used to adding salt first, and iodine will evaporate when heated.
Therefore, try to add salt after cooking, and don't add iodized salt to hot oil and fry it with vegetables.
3. Pay attention to the amount of salt you eat.
According to the standard of iodized salt in China, each person can get about 120 micrograms of iodine by eating 6 grams of salt every day, which can fully meet the physiological needs of most adults.
Pregnant or lactating women, infants and other people with special needs need more iodine than the average person.
Therefore, it is suggested that pregnant women, lactating women, infants and other people with special needs should take iodized oil pills or often eat seafood such as kelp and laver, so that they can not eat more salt but also supplement appropriate iodine.
Composition on Environmental Pollution and Protection
White clouds are floating in the blue sky, which is our memory of the beautiful sky and also our childhood memory.
Nowadays, we seldom see such a beautiful "sky", especially in cities or industrial areas. It's really unpleasant to see the smog and haze all day long.
In the face of all this, you may be tempted to sigh: "fresh, refreshing and clear atmosphere, where have you been?" Treat the "disease" of the atmosphere quickly, and give me back my blue sky and red sun! We really have a lot of things to do, and the most important thing is to try to reduce the emissions of pollutants.
Smoke and dust are mainly produced by the endless combustion of coal and oil.
By improving the combustion method and making the fuel burn fully, the amount of smoke can be greatly reduced.
Try not to burn loose coal, develop gasification and liquefaction of coal, and wash the fuel containing a lot of ash and sulfur with water before reuse.
The generated pollutants should be recovered and processed by absorption, catalysis, adsorption and condensation, so as to turn harm into benefit and reuse.
Even pollutants that run into the atmosphere, we should try to reduce their harm.
We should strengthen the greening of the city, plant more flowers and trees, and open up more parks and boulevards.
From the point of view of stopping global warming, to control the growth of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide, we should try our best to use natural gas as fuel.
If we can cancel the small chimneys of one household, provide central heating or implement joint production of power supply and heating, we can save fuel and reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
If the amount of secondary utilization of aluminum in the world is doubled on the existing basis, the pollutants discharged into the atmosphere can be reduced by10 million tons a year.
There are more than 400 million cars in the world, and about 18 is discharged every year.
300 million tons of carbon dioxide
In order to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions of automobiles, besides limiting the number of automobiles, saving fuel consumption and installing purification devices, cleaner fuels such as methanol and ethanol should be tried, and public transport vehicles and electric vehicles should be developed.
Finally, the development and utilization of clean new energy is the most fundamental way to reduce air pollution.
Such as nuclear energy, solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy, geothermal energy and other energy sources are clean, rich in reserves and have great development prospects.
The destruction of the ozone layer is a global problem.
The United Nations Environment Conference decided that 1995 will gradually stop the production of chlorofluorocarbons, the "culprit" that destroys the ozone layer.
However, the life span of chlorofluorocarbons is 50-100 years, and15 million tons of chlorofluorocarbons have been lost in the atmosphere. So far, only a small part of them have destroyed the ozone layer, and most of the rest are still in action. The ozone layer will continue to be destroyed and will reach its peak in the first10 year of the next century.
As for returning to the normal natural level completely, it will take at least a century! Air pollution is caused by human activities, and finally it has to be solved by human beings themselves.
It's just that time waits for no one. We'd better act resolutely from now on and take measures to purify the atmosphere and give me back my blue sky! ------------------care for the environment, protect the earth. In life, environmental pollution constantly affects our lives.
For example, polluted air, rivers and garbage pollution have seriously damaged our living environment.
When the river is polluted, the creatures in the water can't survive, and they can't use it to water crops. People can't eat fresh food.
Similarly, if groundwater is polluted, people will not be able to drink clean water, and people will get sick, poisoned and even die.
Therefore, no one should throw wastes that may pollute the environment into the river.
Air is the guarantee for the survival of all living things.
If the air is polluted, all living things will live in the same environment as the "gas chamber", and diseases and various disasters will be the greatest enemies of mankind.
Over time, mankind will perish.
It can be seen how important clean air is! Garbage can be seen everywhere in life, which shows that the bad habit of human beings-littering is really serious.
Random garbage will do great harm to the environment, such as breeding germs, spreading diseases, polluting the air and rivers, and so on.
This pollution is really terrible! To prevent these pollutions, we must take good care of the environment, protect the earth, and stop all acts of polluting the environment------------------------------------------------------------------------
I write a composition of 400 words.
On Friday, Mr. Chen showed us a video about Iodine Deficiency Disorder.
Iodine is an indispensable and rare element in human body.
In iodine-deficient areas, many people get big neck disease, which is the consequence of iodine deficiency.
When pregnant women lack iodine, it is likely to lead to miscarriage.
Even if children are born, they are physically unhealthy, and most of them may even be mentally retarded.
Looking at the faces with some dementia, my empty eyes looked at the front numbly, and there was no emotional fluctuation in my eyes.
I can't help but feel a little sad. God has given them the body in their lives, but not the soul.
Without self-care, they are like cold machines, walking dead.
It doesn't mean anything to them to live.
Have ears but can't understand anything; Have eyes but can't understand anything; Have a mouth but can't explain anything; Have a brain but don't know what to think; There is life but I don't know what to pursue.
Without dreams, they always seem to be inseparable from their parents who raised them from childhood.
Finally, iodized salt was produced. These iodized salts, which were not distributed to high iodine areas, saved the lives of countless children.
We are lucky, we have pursuit and running in life, and we can learn everything as soon as we learn.
Every pair of eyes is bright, with wisdom, emotion and dreams.
The limbs are also very healthy, and they have a clear consciousness and clear thinking.
Perhaps some people will only sympathize with those who are not sound, in fact, we are more worthy of sympathy, because the brain is not used all the year round, which leads to rust.
If you want not to lose yourself on the road of life, you must first learn to chase and run in life, and your thoughts will never stop.
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