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Cultivation techniques of Morchella esculenta
1, planting method The most widely used planting method of Morchella is plastic film cultivation technology. The advantage of this method is that it can prevent waterlogging and conserve moisture, and rainwater can flow into the ditch along the plastic film, even if it rains for a long time, it will not damage the hyphae on the side. In addition, it can avoid the influence of strong light, which is beneficial to soil insulation and the growth of Morchella.

2. Growth conditions Morchella needs to be planted in neutral or slightly alkaline soil. The ph value of soil is about 6.5-7.5, which requires fertility, good air permeability and easy moisture retention. In addition, pay attention to temperature and humidity. The suitable growth temperature of Morchella is 20 degrees and the humidity is about 70%. The development of Morchella does not need any light, and strong light may affect the normal production of mycelium, so it is necessary to provide it with a weak light environment.

3. Reference of cultivation formula: sawdust 75%, bran 20%, phosphate fertilizer 1%, gypsum 1%, humus 3%, Yifuyuan mushroom treasure 1%. After the formula is adjusted, it needs to be mixed with water according to the ratio of 1: 1.3, then fermented for 20 days, then bagged in special plastic bags, each bag is about 500g, sterilized at high temperature after bagging, and then inoculated with mycelium, generally by double-head inoculation method. Then put it in a culture room with a temperature of 22-25 degrees for one month, and culture can be carried out after the hyphae are full of bags. Or you can buy the strain directly.

4. Land preparation of cultivated land First, loosen the cultivated land to a depth of more than 20cm with a scarifier, and then make a frame. Generally, the frame width is 100cm, and the drain width is 30cm. Morchella is cultivated at the border, and two planting ditches are dug at the border. The planting ditch spacing is 50cm, the ditch depth is 6- 10cm and the ditch width is about 20cm. The thickness of the culture material laid in the planting ditch is 2-3 cm. The culture material is made by soaking the sawdust of poplar, oak, fruit tree and other trees in water and then sterilizing at high temperature. It contains a lot of carbon, nitrogen and trace elements, which is helpful to the growth of mycelium, sclerotia and fruiting body of Morchella.

5. The sowing method is generally June10 ~ February 12 every year, and the strains are scattered on the culture material. Before sowing the strain, put the strain into the basin and stir it evenly so as to sow the strain. The sowing amount of strains is 200 kg per mu, and the strains should be evenly and accurately spread on the culture material during sowing. After sowing the strains, the soil can be covered with a thickness of 3-5cm, and the soil can be watered.

6. Management of fruiting period. The most suitable growth temperature in fruiting period is 12℃ to 15℃. When the temperature is lower than 10℃ or higher than 18℃, the growth of Morchella esculenta fruiting body slows down. In the fruiting stage, the relative water content of soil should be controlled at 50%-70%, so that Morchella can grow smoothly. In addition to the moist soil, the mushroom shed should also be kept in a humid environment, and the relative humidity of the air is 85%-90%, which is most conducive to the growth of mushrooms.

7, weed management Morchella can grow weeds * * *, and it is not necessary to weed every day, because the first weeding is difficult, it is easy to hurt the hyphae in the soil and affect its growth. Secondly, because weeds can shade the growth of fruiting bodies, loosening soil and weeding may destroy the mycelium of Morchella and affect the fruiting.