What is the prospect of edible mushroom industry?
In 2005, the total output of edible fungus in China reached 12 million tons, ranking the first in the world, and the edible fungus industry has become an important industry in China's planting industry. The largest edible fungus production base in China is Gutian County, which has a large production volume of edible fungus and the highest export volume in the country, and is the capital of edible fungus in China. In particular, the production of silver fungus (white fungus) accounts for 90% of the country's production. Although China is the largest producer of edible fungi, the annual per capita consumption is less than 0.5 kilograms, the United States is 1.5 kilograms per capita per year, Japan is 3 kilograms per capita per year, the annual per capita consumption of the whole country compared with some countries in the world, the gap is large. According to the data provided by the Customs and Excise Department, in 2001, 2002, 2003, the export volume of edible fungi were 476,000 tons, 380,000 tons, 430,000 tons, foreign exchange were 600 million U.S. dollars, 460 million U.S. dollars, 600 million U.S. dollars, exports and the total amount of exports compared to close to one-twentieth of the average per capita consumption of edible fungi abroad is increasing by thirteen percent per annum, there is a large foreign market space to be opened up. There is a large foreign market space for development. Per capita consumption of edible fungi in mainland China is less than one-tenth of Hong Kong's, \x0d\, so the domestic market has great potential. A survey shows that; Beijing's annual production of edible fungi is 150,000 tons, according to the fixed population of 15 million people, each person can only eat about 10 kilograms of edible fungi per year, far from meeting people's needs. Affected by this global financial crisis, so the domestic market should increase the publicity and industrial integration, expand consumer groups, increase the total amount of consumption, in order to stimulate production; the key to the international market is to improve the quality of the product at all levels, in order to increase the share of the international market. The development of China's agriculture is a three-color agriculture, namely, green agriculture, blue agriculture and white agriculture. White agriculture is microbial agriculture, that is, edible (medicinal) fungi industry. This small organisms, big agriculture has a broad prospect, it can not only solve the protein needed by people's life, but also can be used in medicine, to solve the problem of major diseases related to people's lives. From the perspective of the overall development trend, the mushroom industry may become an independent industry in the future. From the point of view of agriculture, it will be divided into plant, animal and fungus in the future. From the point of view of the value of edible mushrooms, edible mushrooms will become the main source of protein in the third world. Mushrooms are similar to beef and pork in terms of their composition. From the point of view of sales, the sales volume of edible mushrooms has increased dramatically, for example, the consumption in Japan has increased by 223 times in the last 20 years. Therefore, edible mushrooms have a broad prospect and much room for development. Coupled with the importance of local governments at all levels, cultivation of abundant raw materials, easy to master the technology, the future of the edible fungi industry will become an independent industry, become the majority of farmers and friends of poverty alleviation and enrichment of a good project. \x0d\ According to the development of edible fungi, the future of edible fungi will appear the following possible situations. \x0d\ Factory cultivation of apricot mushrooms \x0d\1, from a single species to multi-species development. In order to ensure the stable income of mushroom farmers, mushroom farmers have to adapt to the market requirements, a variety of price sales are not good, another variety can be supplemented. \x0d\2, from the production mode from manual to mechanized development. Because the cost of manual labor will be increasingly high, coupled with the difficulty of guaranteeing quality, so it must be mechanized development. \x0d\3, from small scale to large scale. Small scale is difficult to adapt to market needs, is often referred to by the masses, "business to pile", so as to attract a large number of merchants to the local purchase, sales. To ensure that the market products are not backlogged. \x0d\4, from yield-based to quality-based development. Mushroom farmers produce not only a large number of products, but also to ensure the quality, such as shiitake mushrooms to produce more flowers and thick mushrooms, pesticide content should not exceed the standard. In the case of flat mushrooms, Japan requires that they be not big and thick, but small and thick, as big as a nickel. \x0d\5, from seasonal cultivation to year-round cultivation. In order to increase economic income, it is difficult to ensure the benefits of mushroom farmers only in the peak season of the year, and a large number of machinery and equipment to idle, relatively reduced income, you can take a multi-species, multi-seasonal cultivation methods, to ensure that all seasons of the year there are mushrooms for sale. \x0d\6, from flat ground to three-dimensional cultivation. Instead of planting mushrooms on the ground, it is necessary to plant mushrooms in layers in order to fully utilize the space. \x0d\7,From wood and food to agricultural by-products. The development of the offcuts and mycorrhizal plants. According to the National Forestry Law, timber cutting should be limited and planned, so the varieties of timber and sawdust as raw materials should be replaced in time, and the scraps of agricultural by-products and mycorrhizal plants can be used to meet the needs of mushroom production. \x0d\ With the change in people's living habits, the domestic market has great potential, coupled with China is a large exporter of edible fungi. Each person in China eats 2 pounds of edible mushrooms per year, it can increase sales income of more than 8 billion, which can be seen that the mushroom market will be a large market, but not every mushroom farmer producers have a great income. In order to ensure the economic income of mushroom farmers, the development of food \x0d\ with mushrooms must also do a serious job of market research and analysis to determine the varieties of your planting and production scale. Should do the following surveys. \x0d\1, do a good job of local market research and analysis: according to the capacity of the local market and eating habits, to determine the scale of production and types. \x0d\2,Do international and domestic market research. The domestic market can be based on your proximity to the city, the variety and quantity needed, the price, the international market can be based on foreign trade, customs to provide information, sign a contract to determine the type and scale of production. \x0d\3, production factors and investigation. On the basis of a good market survey, according to meteorological conditions, the ability to produce, production of raw materials and sources, prices \x0d\g, proximity to the market, land, labor resources are sufficient to determine the production or not. Before the production of edible fungi, you need to do a good job of market research and production factors of the survey, and then summarize the analysis, costing, market forecast \x0d\ measurement, calculated costs and revenues, and then start production.