Industrial use
Molecular structure
1, used as a multi-purpose desiccant, such as for nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, hydrogen chloride, sulfur dioxide and other gases drying. Used as dehydrating agent when producing alcohol, ester, ether and acrylic resin. Calcium chloride aqueous solution is an important chilling agent for freezers and ice making, accelerates the hardening of concrete and increases the cold resistance of construction mortar, and is an excellent antifreeze agent for construction. It is used as anti-fogging agent for harbor, dust collecting agent for road surface and fireproofing agent for fabric. It is used as protective agent and refining agent for aluminum and magnesium metallurgy. It is the precipitating agent for producing color pigment. Used for deinking of waste paper. It is the raw material for producing calcium salt.
2, chelating agent; curing agent; calcium strengthening agent; refrigerant for refrigeration; desiccant; anticaking agent; anti-microbial agent; marinade agent; tissue improvement agent.
3, used as a desiccant, road dust collector, anti-fogging agent, fabric fire retardant, food preservatives and used in the manufacture of calcium salts
4, used as lubricating oil additives
5, used as an analytical reagent
6, mainly used in the treatment of tetany, urticaria, oozing edema, intestinal and ureteral colic, magnesium poisoning, etc., caused by lowering of calcium
7, used in the food industry.
7, in the food industry as calcium fortifier, curing agent, chelating agent and desiccant.
8, can increase the permeability of bacterial cell wall[2] .
Medical use
Indications:
1, The product can be used for intestinal colic and so on.
2. It can be used for pruritic skin diseases.
3, It is used to relieve magnesium salt poisoning.
4, used for vitamin D deficiency rickets, cartilage disease, pregnant and lactating women calcium salt supplementation.
5, the treatment of calcium deficiency, acute hypocalcemia, alkalosis and hypoparathyroidism caused by tetany, vitamin D deficiency;
6, allergic disorders;
7, magnesium toxicity rescue;
8, fluoride toxicity rescue;
9, cardiac resuscitation, such as hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, or calcium channel blockade caused by abnormal cardiac function of the rescue.
10, calcium chloride solution can induce actin monomer polymerization, and the critical concentration of actin monomer polymerization and the concentration of calcium chloride solution is an inverse curvature function. The specific mechanism of actin induced polymerization is related to the binding of calcium ions and multiple specific parts of the protein
Desiccant
Granular anhydrous calcium chloride is often used as a desiccant to fill the drying tube, with calcium chloride dried macroalgae (or seaweed ash) can be used for the production of soda ash. Some home dehumidifiers such as the DampRid use calcium chloride to absorb moisture from the air. Calcium chloride is also used as a desiccant or dehydrating agent for gases and organic liquids. Since calcium chloride is neutral, it can dry acidic or alkaline gases and organic liquids, and can also be used in the laboratory to dry small quantities of gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, hydrogen chloride, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and so on. But can not be used to dry ethanol and ammonia, because ethanol and ammonia will react with calcium chloride to form alcohol compound CaCl2-4C2H5OH and ammonia compound CaCl2-8NH3. anhydrous calcium chloride can also be made into household products as air moisture absorber, anhydrous calcium chloride as absorbent has been approved by the FDA for bandaging first aid, its role is to ensure that the wounds of the dry.
Spreading anhydrous calcium chloride on gravel roads, using the hygroscopicity of anhydrous calcium chloride in the air humidity is below the dew point when the air moisture condensation to keep the road surface wet, thereby controlling the rise of dust on the road.
Deicers and cooling baths
Calcium chloride lowers the freezing point of water, and spreading calcium chloride hydrate on roads prevents icing and removes ice and melted snow, but the brine from melted snow and ice can damage soil and vegetation along the road and deteriorate the pavement concrete.
Calcium chloride solutions can also be mixed with dry ice to prepare a low-temperature cooling bath. Stick dry ice is added to the brine solution in batches until ice appears in the system. The stabilized temperature of the cooling bath that can be maintained by different types and concentrations of salt solutions will vary. Calcium chloride is commonly used as the salt raw material, and the desired stabilizing temperature is obtained by adjusting the concentration, not only because calcium chloride is cheap and readily available, but also because the *** crystal temperature of the calcium chloride solution (i.e., the temperature at which all of the solution condenses to form the granular ice-salt particles) is quite low, reaching -51.0° C, which allows an adjustable temperature range of 0° C to -51° C. The temperature of the salt solution can be adjusted by adding the salt solution to the cooling bath at the same time. The method can be realized in a Dewar's bottle capable of providing insulation, or a general plastic container can be used to hold the cooling bath when the Dewar's bottle is limited in size and a larger quantity of salt solution is also required to be prepared, in which case the maintenance of the temperature is likewise more stable.
Sources of calcium ions
The addition of calcium chloride to swimming pool water can make the pool water a pH buffer solution and increase the hardness of the pool water, which can reduce the erosion of the concrete of the pool wall. According to Le Chatelier's principle and the homoionic effect, increasing the concentration of calcium ions in pool water slows the dissolution of calcium compounds that are essential to concrete structures.
Adding calcium chloride to marine aquarium water increases the amount of bioavailable calcium in the water, which is utilized by the mollusks and coelenterates that are raised in the aquarium to form calcium carbonate shells. While the same can be accomplished with calcium hydroxide or a calcium reactor, adding calcium chloride is the fastest method and has the least impact on the pH of the water.
Food
As a food ingredient, calcium chloride acts as a multivalent chelator and curing agent, and is approved for use as a food additive in the European Union under the E-code E509. It is considered by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to be a "substance Generally Recognized as Safe," abbreviated as E509. It is considered by the FDA as "Generally recognized as safe" (abbreviated as GRAS). The estimated daily intake of calcium chloride food additives is 160 to 345 milligrams per person.
Calcium chloride is used as a curing agent in canned vegetables. It also solidifies soy curds to form tofu, and can be used as an ingredient in culinary molecular gastronomy by reacting with sodium alginate to gel the surface of vegetable and fruit juices to form caviar-like blobs. It is added as an electrolyte to sports drinks or some soft drinks including bottled water. Calcium Chloride can be used in place of salt in the preparation of pickles without increasing the sodium content of the food, as it has a very strong salty flavor of its own. Calcium chloride's property of lowering the freezing point is used in caramel-filled chocolate bars to slow the freezing of the caramel.
Calcium chloride is added to mineral-deficient beers because calcium ions are one of the most influential minerals in the brewing process, affecting the acidity of the wort and influencing the action of the yeast. Calcium chloride also imparts a sweet flavor to the beer.
Other aspects
Calcium chloride hydrate solids can be used as phase change energy storage materials. For example, calcium chloride hexahydrate due to the melting point of 30 ℃, the heat of melting (that is, the material from the solid phase into the same temperature of the liquid phase absorbed in the process of heat) reached 190 KJ/mol, so it can be used as a low-temperature for industrial waste heat recovery, the absorption of heat from the sun, but it is similar to all the inorganic hydrated salts of phase-change materials, there is a serious problem of subcooling (its degree of subcooling of up to 20 ℃), the need to add a nucleating agent to overcome. Add the addition of nucleating agents to overcome.
Calcium chloride has the effect of helping to speed up the initial setting in concrete, but chloride ions can cause corrosion of reinforcing steel, so calcium chloride cannot be used in reinforced concrete. Anhydrous calcium chloride can provide some degree of moisture to concrete due to its hygroscopic nature.
Calcium chloride is also used as an additive in plastics and fire extinguishers, as a filtration aid in wastewater treatment, as an additive in blast furnaces to control aggregation and adhesion of raw materials thus avoiding settling of the charge, and as a diluent in fabric softeners.
Calcium chloride's exothermic nature of dissolution makes it useful in self-heating cans and heating pads.
Calcium chloride is used in the petroleum industry to increase the density of unconsolidated brines, and can also be added to the aqueous phase of emulsified drilling fluids to inhibit the swelling of clays. It is used as a flux to lower the melting point in the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride to produce sodium metal by the Davy process. Calcium chloride is used as a material component in the manufacture of ceramics, where it suspends the clay particles in solution, making it easier to use the clay particles when grouting.