Variety selection of Hami melon planted in greenhouse

Hami melon varieties with strong disease resistance should be selected. At present, the conventional varieties popularized in Jiading area mainly include Sydney Red, Guo Xian, 98- 18 and so on.

Field Selection of Planting Hami Melon in Greenhouse

Hami melon planting should avoid stubble and continuous cropping plots, and should choose rice stubble plots which have not been planted for 3 years, with Gao Shuang terrain and good drainage. Sandy soil with rich organic matter and good air permeability is the first choice for planting cantaloupe.

Cultivation of Hami melon in greenhouse: border field preparation

Tillage should be carried out one month before planting, and the ploughing depth is 25 ~ 750 px. When making the frame, the frame must be high and ribbed, the surface of the frame should be made into a turtle back shape, and the frame with a bow back of 25 ~ 750 px is fully covered with plastic film (transparent plastic film in spring and black and white film in autumn), which is beneficial to moisture retention, moisture reduction and grass prevention. There are three ditches in the shed area, and the ditch outside the shed is deeper, so that the drainage is smooth and the rain stops.

Planting Hami Melon in Greenhouse: Seedling Raising and Transplanting

seed treatment

Drying treatment can be used, and the dried seeds are baked in a constant temperature drying box at 60 ~ 69℃ for about 3 days, with good disinfection and sterilization effect. Without this condition, the seeds can be dried in strong light for 2 days.

sow seeds

The sowing date in spring is generally in the first half of June in 5438+ 10. In spring, heat preservation and disease prevention are emphasized, the seedbed is covered with multi-layer films, and electric hot wires are laid on the ground. The temperature of seedbed is high and low. Before emergence, the temperature of seedbed is controlled at 28 ~ 30℃ to promote the emergence of seedlings. Before the first real leaf is unfolded, the temperature should be lowered, and the bed temperature should be kept between 23 ~ 25℃ during the day and between 18 ~ 20℃ at night. With the growth of seedlings and the increase of outside temperature, the ventilation opening can be appropriately increased and the ventilation time can be prolonged accordingly. Exercise the seedlings at low temperature one week before sowing, so that the seedlings can gradually adapt to external conditions. Amisi Da spray 1 ~ 2 times can be used to prevent diseases at seedling stage. In spring, the seedling age is about 30 days, and 3 leaves are transplanted in one stage.

When sowing in autumn from the end of July to the beginning of August, it is necessary to do a good job of ventilation and cooling, which can be covered with sunshade nets to prevent the seedlings from growing white; Control the water when it is dry. Generally, the seedling age is 7 ~ 10 days, and one leaf is transplanted in one stage.

density

Hami melon leaves are big and stems are thick, and the cultivation density can be slightly thinner. Climbing cultivation, the pruning spacing of double vines is about 1 125px, with 2 beds in each shed; The plant spacing of stand cultivation is about 1000px, with 4 ~ 5 beds per shed.

Field planting

In the first half year of spring sowing, we should set up a shed, cover the sky film and plastic film to increase the ground temperature; Choose sunny weather when planting, and pay attention to heat preservation. Planting in autumn should be carried out in the afternoon or on cloudy days, which is beneficial to living trees. When transplanting, water the living trees in time, and use preventive drugs such as Dixintong appropriately.

Field management of Hami melon cultivation in greenhouse

Fertilizer and water management

According to the growth of plants, plant nutrient solution can be sprayed after living trees to promote the growth of trees. When plants grow weakly, compound fertilizer leaching solution can be used to increase elongation and application amount of coarse fertilizer. Top dressing 1 ~ 2 times in fruit expansion period can be applied at the point 750px away from the root, with compound fertilizer 10 ~ 15 kg per mu, or spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaves. When the fruit ripens half a month before picking the melon, stop watering with fertilizer to prevent the fruit from cracking.

Temperature management

When multi-layer film is used for insulation in spring, special attention should be paid to moisture reduction and disease prevention. Try to create a strong light environment, often uncover the film to reduce the humidity in sunny days, and keep the greenhouse at 28 ~ 30℃ during the day and not lower than10℃ at night before fruit setting; When the vines grow to the fruit-setting festival, proper cooling will promote fruit-setting, increase the temperature difference between day and night during the fruit expansion period and improve the quality.

Cultivation in summer and autumn can be ventilated to cool down, and shading nets can be covered to cool down and promote roots and growth when conditions permit; Pay attention to damp reduction and disease prevention in rainy weather.

Cultivation of Hami Melon in Greenhouse: Prevention and Control of Diseases, Grasses and Insects

Adhere to the policy of "prevention first, comprehensive management", strengthen agricultural control, combine chemical control, observe frequently, use drugs in time, and clean up weeds. Controlling the humidity in the shed and keeping the plants dry are the most effective measures to prevent diseases.

The main diseases of Hami melon in greenhouse are Fusarium wilt, powdery mildew, downy mildew and virus disease.

Viral diseases: Viral diseases should occur in autumn, mainly because there are many pests. Aphids, thrips, whiteflies, etc. They are all carriers of the virus, so pest control should be the first priority. If you find a diseased plant in the greenhouse, you should pull it out in time.

The main pests of Hami melon in greenhouse are whitefly, aphid, melon moth, noctuid, red spider, liriomyza sativae, thrips and so on. Use targeted pesticides, such as Aketai, Afuddin, Imidacloprid, Insecticide, Assam, etc. Spray or hang yellow sticky boards to attract aphids.

Fusarium wilt: at the initial stage of the disease, 50% thiophanate methyl was sprayed 500 ~ 1000 times, or a paste liquid made of thiophanate methyl, antiviral alum and agricultural streptomycin was applied to the affected area. When pruning, if it is rainy or the wound is too big to dry, the above paste liquid medicine should be applied to the wound in time.

Powdery mildew: In cultivation, we should prevent overgrowth and strengthen ventilation. When there is no disease in the early stage, drugs such as Shigao and thiophanate-methyl can be used alternately for prevention; When the disease occurs, it is better to use fresh, Fuxing or sulfur suspension alternately. When using sulfur suspension concentrate, special attention should be paid to prevent phytotoxicity.

Timely harvest of Hami melon in greenhouse

It is necessary to strictly grasp the maturity of cantaloupe and harvest it in time. Here are several ways to identify the maturity of cantaloupe:

1. The calculated fruit development period varies with the characteristics of different varieties. Generally, it takes about 35 days for early-maturing varieties and 50 days for medium-maturing varieties.

2. Aroma. For varieties with aroma, the aroma begins to produce when the fruit is ripe, and the more mature it is, the stronger the aroma is.

3. The appearance of the fruit. When ripe, the fruit shows its inherent color and pattern.

4. Plant characteristics. The tendrils of fruit-setting nodes are dry, the mesophyll of fruit-setting nodes turns green and the leaves turn yellow.

Harvesting should be carried out in the morning when there is no dew on the melon surface; When harvesting, the melon handle should be cut into a "T" shape, and should be handled with care to minimize mechanical damage.