qīng dài
2 English Referenceindigo pulverata levis [朗道汉英字典]/>
indigo pulverata levis [Xiangya Medical Professional Dictionary]
Indigo Naturalis (拉) [Nomenclature Review Committee of Chinese Medicine. Chinese Medicine Nomenclature (2004)]
natural indigo [中中医药学名词审定委员会. Nomenclature of Chinese medicine (2004)]
3 Overview
Qingdai
Qingdai is the name of the traditional Chinese medicine, out of the "Treatise on Medicinal Properties". It is the dried powder or mass made from the processed leaves or stems and leaves of Strobilanthes cusia (Nees) O. Ktze. from the family Jurassicaceae, Polygonum tinctorium Ait. from the family Polygonaceae, or Isatis indigotica Fort. from the family Cruciferae[1].
The Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2010 edition) contains pharmacopoeial standards for this Chinese medicine.
4 Latin nameIndigo Naturalis (la) (Nomenclature of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004))
5 English namenatural indigo (Nomenclature of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004))
6 Alias of CynanchumIndigo, indigo flower, indigo foam, indigo.
Indigo flower, green cylinder flower, indigo foam flower[2].
7 SourceZingdai is a dried powder made from the processed leaves or stems and leaves of Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek. from the family Jurassicaceae, Polygonum tinctorium. Ait. from the family Polygonaceae, or Isatis indigotica Fort. from the family Cruciferae, mass or granule.
Zingdai is Baphicacanthuscusia (Nees) Bremek. or Indigoferatinctoria L., Cruciferae Isatis indigoticaFortnne Polygonum tinctoriumAit. tinctoriumAit. The stems and leaves of Polygonum tinctorium are processed and made into a powdered form [2].
Zingdai is a powder or mass made from the processed leaves of Baphicacanthus cusia Brem, family Jurassicaceae. The original plant of the processing of Zingdai is also leguminous wild green tree Indigofera suffruticosa Mill., Polygonum tinctorinum Ait., Polygonaceae Polygonum tinctorinum Ait., Cruciferae woad Isatis indigotica Fort. leaves.
8 Original plant formPerennial herb. Stems often branched in pairs, tender parts and inflorescences are brown pilose. Leaves opposite, apex acuminate, margin coarsely toothed, black when dry. Spikes erect; bracts opposite; calyx 5-lobed; corolla tubular, purple; stamens 4, didynamous; ovary 2-locular, 2 ovules per locule. Capsule club-shaped. Seeds ovate. Fl. autumn, fr. winter.
Born in wetter places near forests; cultivated.
9 OriginQingdai is mainly produced in Fujian, Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Zhejiang.
Qingdai produced in Hebei, Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Fujian, Henan, Sichuan, Yunnan and other places [2].
10 Harvesting and primary processingsummer, fall harvest stems and leaves, placed in wooden barrels or tanks, water immersion 2 ~ 3 days and nights, to the leaves from the branches off when the branches, add the appropriate amount of lime fully stirred, to the immersion of the liquid from the dark green into a deep purplish-red, fish out of the liquid surface of the blue foam, sun-dried.
11 Characteristics of the raw medicinefor a very fine powder, gray-blue or dark blue, the quality of easy to fly, sticky hands sticky paper, thrown into the water to float on the surface of the water, there are also porous small pieces. There is a special grassy odor, slightly acidic taste.
12 Sexual flavor attributed to the meridianCynthia taste salty, cold, into the liver, lung, stomach meridian [2].
13 Effects and IndicationsQing Dai has the effect of clearing heat and cooling blood, and calming fright, used for warm poison, hair spots, epistaxis, chest pain, coughing up blood, mouth sores, mumps, paralysis of the larynx, and pediatric eclampsia.
Qing Dai has the efficacy of clearing heat and removing toxins, cooling blood and stopping bleeding, clearing the liver and diarrhea[2]:
Qing Dai is used for treating fever and eclampsia of warm disease, blood fever, vomiting blood, epistaxis, hemoptysis, liver-heat epilepsy, liver-flame coughing: internal use, 1.5-6g, more into the bulk dose[2].
Qingdai treatment of mumps, otitis media, stomatitis, pediatric thrush, pharyngeal swelling and rotting, dengtoxin, yellow water sores, eczema: dry sprinkle or adjusted coated with the affected area [2].
14 The chemical composition of ZingdaiZingdai mainly contains indigo (indigo, indigotin), and also contains indigo red (indirubin).
Cynthia contains indigo and indirubin, which are active ingredients in the treatment of chronic granulocytic leukemia[2].
15 Pharmacological Actions of Zingiber officinaleIndigo and indirubin, the active ingredients in the treatment of chronic granulocytic leukemia [2].
Alcoholic infusion of Cynanchum officinale (Mullein) is inhibitory to some bacteria in vitro. It also has antitumor effects [2].
16 Pharmacopoeia standard of Qingdai 16.1 NameQingdai
Qingdai
INDIGO NATURALIS
16.2 SourceThis product is the plant of the family Jurassicaceae, Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek. PoLygonum tinctorium. Ait. or cruciferous plant Isatis indigotica Fort. leaves or stems and leaves of the processed dry powder, lumps or granules.
16.3 PropertiesThe product is a dark blue powder, light, easy to fly; or irregular porous lumps, particles, rubbed by hand into fine powder. Slightly grassy odor, light taste.
16.4 Identification(1) Take a small amount of this product, burn with a small fire, there is a purple-red smoke.
(2) Take a small amount of the product, add nitric acid, produce bubbles and show brown-red or yellow-brown.
(3) Take 50mg of this product, add trichloromethane 5ml, stir thoroughly, filtered, filtrate as a test solution. Another take indigo blue control, indigo red control, add trichloromethane were made per 1ml containing 1mg and 0.5mg of solution, as a control solution. According to thin-layer chromatography (Appendix VI B), absorb 5μl of each of the above three solutions, respectively, on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, with toluene, trichloromethane and acetone (5:4:1) as the unfolding agent, unfold, remove, and dry. In the chromatogram of the test product, in the corresponding position with the chromatogram of the control product, the same blue and light purple-red spots.
16.5 Check 16.5.1 MoistureNot more than 7.0% (Appendix IXH first method).
16.5.2 Water-soluble pigmentTake 0.5g of this product, add 10ml of water. shake and leave for a moment, the water layer shall not show dark blue.
16.6 Determination of content 16.6.1 IndigoDetermined by high performance liquid chromatography (Appendix VI D).
Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test Using octadecylsilane-bonded silica gel as filler; methanol and water (70:25) as mobile phase; the detection wavelength is 606 nm; the theoretical plate number should be not less than 1800 according to the calculation of the indigo peak.
Preparation of the control solution: Take indigo blue control 2.5mg, weigh it accurately, put it into a 250 ml flask, add 2% chloral hydrate in trichloromethane, and then add 2% chloral hydrate to it. Chloral hydrate trichloromethane solution (take chloral hydrate, placed in a silica gel desiccator for 24 hours, weigh 2.0g, add trichloromethane to 100ml, placed, turbidity, anhydrous sodium sulfate dehydration, filtration, that is) about 220ml, ultrasonication (power of 250W, frequency of 33kHz) for l.5 hours, cooled, and add 2% chloral hydrate trichloromethane solution to the scale, shaking well.
Preparation of test solution Take about 50mg of fine powder, weighing, put in a 250ml measuring flask, add 2% chloral hydrate trichloromethane solution of about 220ml, ultrasonication (power 250W, frequency 33kHz) for 30 minutes, cooling, add 2% chloral hydrate trichloromethane solution to the scale, shaking, filtration, and take the renewed filtrate, that is, the product.
Measurement method Precisely aspirate 10ul of each of the control solution and test solution separately, inject into the liquid chromatograph, measurement, that is, obtained.
This product is calculated according to the dry product, containing indigo (C16H10N2O2) should not be less than 2.0%.
16.6.2 Indigo redDetermined by high performance liquid chromatography (Appendix VI D).
Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test Using octadecylsilane-bonded silica gel as filler; methanol and water (70:30) as mobile phase; detection wavelength of 292 nm; the theoretical number of plates according to the calculation of the indigo red peak should not be less than 3000.
Preparation of the control solution Take 2.5 mg of indigo red control, weighed accurately, and put it in 50 ml flask, add N, N dimethylformamide about 45 ml, and then add N, N dimethylformamide about 45 ml, then add N, N dimethylformamide about 45 ml. Dimethylformamide about 45ml, ultrasonic treatment (power 250W, frequency 33kHz) to dissolve, cool, add N, N dimethylformamide to the scale, shake well; precision measurement of 10ml, placed in a 100ml vial, add N, N dimethylformamide to the scale, shaking, that is to obtain (each 1ml contains indigo red 5μg).
Preparation of test solution Take about 50mg of powder, precision weighing, placed in a 25ml measuring flask, add N, N dimethylformamide about 20ml, ultrasonic treatment (power 250W, frequency 33kHz) for 30 minutes, cool, add N, N methyl formamide to the scale, shake well, filter, take the filtrate, that is, the product.
Determination method Precisely take up 10μl of each of the control solution and test solution separately, inject into the liquid chromatograph, determination, that is, obtained.
This product is calculated according to the dry product, containing indigo red (C16H10N2O2) should not be less than 0.13%.
16.7 Sexual flavor and attributionSalty, cold. Attributed to the liver meridian.
16.8 Functions and IndicationsClearing heat and removing toxins, cooling blood and eliminating spots, diarrhea and calming fire. It is used in treating warm poisonous spots, epistaxis, chest pain and coughing up blood, mouth sores, mumps, laryngeal paralysis, and pediatric eclampsia.
16.9 Usage and Dosage1~3g, suitable for pills. Appropriate amount for external use.
16.10 StorageKeep in a dry place.
16.11 OriginChinese People's Pharmacopoeia (2010)
17.