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What are the examinations for abnormality during pregnancy?

In general, what are the examinations for abnormality during pregnancy? Generally, between 18 and 24 weeks of pregnancy, pregnant women need to undergo a color ultrasound to check for major abnormalities. The main purpose is to check whether the baby's development in the womb is consistent with the gestational age; whether the fetus is healthy; whether the development of limbs, brain, and internal organs is abnormal; and the condition of the amniotic fluid and umbilical cord. Pregnant women need to undergo color ultrasound examination for abnormality according to the time prescribed by the doctor. Currently, there are three examination methods to choose from: two-dimensional color ultrasound, three-dimensional color ultrasound or four-dimensional color ultrasound. What to check for major abnormalities

Three-dimensional or four-dimensional color ultrasound can reflect the fetal face and the development of various organs through imaging. It is used to detect and screen fetal malformations and provide early diagnosis of fetal congenital body surface. Malformations and congenital complex malformations provide accurate scientific evidence. At the same time, it can clearly display fetal polycystic kidney disease, renal dysplasia and other diseases, which is of great value in judging fetal congenital heart disease.

Color ultrasound examination mainly excludes whether there are malformations in the following aspects of the fetus:

1. Fetal facial malformations: such as cleft lip and palate, etc.

2. Nervous system malformations: anencephaly, hydrocephalus, microcephaly, spina bifida and meningocele.

3. Digestive system malformations: umbilical enterocele, visceral exstrophy, intestinal atresia, megacolon, etc.

4. Urinary system malformations: hydronephrosis, polycystic kidneys, megacystis, and urethral obstruction.

5. Other malformations: brachycephaly, conjoined malformation, four-chambered heart, etc. Methods of abnormality examination

Color Doppler ultrasound examination steps:

1. Make an appointment at the hospital in advance to avoid missing the best examination time.

2. Go to the hospital for abnormality examination as scheduled. Taking four-dimensional color ultrasound as an example, it normally takes 30 minutes to perform a four-dimensional color ultrasound, but the time required will vary depending on the situation of each expectant mother. There are long and short.

3. If the fetal face or other parts cannot be seen clearly due to fetal position and other reasons, doctors will advise the expectant mother to move around before continuing.

4. The doctor should check very carefully during the examination. If the fetus is found to have abnormal changes, it will take a longer time. During the examination, it is mainly to check the head of the fetus, such as cleft lip. , brain, bone dysplasia, kidney, heart, spina bifida, etc. Expectant mothers should not be nervous during the examination to avoid affecting the normal activities of the fetus and interfering with the examination results.

Methods of malformation examination:

When pregnant women undergo prenatal check-ups in hospitals, doctors usually use two-dimensional color ultrasound to systematically exclude malformations. If the pregnant woman wants to see the appearance of the baby, she can also do a three-dimensional ultrasound. Or four-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound, but it is necessary to do three-dimensional or four-dimensional malformations instead of two-dimensional. In most cases, three-dimensional and four-dimensional ultrasound assist and supplement two-dimensional ultrasound.

Two-dimensional color ultrasound: Two-dimensional color ultrasound is a high-definition black and white B-ultrasound plus color Doppler. The images it presents are not only...

When to do the abnormality examination? Generally, color ultrasound can be done around 18-24 weeks of pregnancy to eliminate abnormality before delivery. Usually pregnant women go to the hospital for examination at 20 weeks of pregnancy, and it is best not to exceed 28 weeks of pregnancy. Because around 24 weeks, the fetus’s brain is developing rapidly. During this period, the structure of the fetus has been formed, the size of the fetus and the amniotic fluid are moderate, there is a large space for movement in the womb, the fetal bone echo has little impact, and the image is relatively clear.

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