yellow peach is a traditional characteristic agricultural product in Zhang Pu town, which has a long cultural history. It has been recorded in The Peach Blossom in the East Gate written by Wang Heng, a poet in the Ming Dynasty, and The Records of Taicang in Suzhou during Jiajing period.
In the early 198s, Zhang Pu Town took the lead in introducing 68 mu of splendid yellow peaches and established the first yellow peach production base in Kunshan City. In recent years, through policy support, technical training, demonstration and promotion, and service guidance, Zhang Pu Town has gradually formed a set of standardized cultivation techniques and commercial production system in the aspects of site selection, field management, fertilization, summer pruning, flower and fruit thinning, pest control and product harvesting.
In order to polish the golden signboard of the yellow peach, Zhang Pu Town has actively explored local high-quality characteristic agricultural resources around the advantages and the development needs of characteristic agricultural industries. Through "Yellow Peach+Enterprise", "Yellow Peach+Agricultural Travel", "Yellow Peach+Cultural Creation" and "Yellow Peach+E-commerce", Zhang Pu Yellow Peach will truly become a cash cow and a fruit of getting rich for local farmers.
Quality characteristics of Zhang Pu yellow peach
The single fruit weight of Zhang Pu yellow peach is 3g～35g, the fruit is oval or pointed, the fruit surface is golden yellow, the flesh is yellow, the soft waxy juice is abundant, the flavor is rich, the taste is sweet and sour, and the color and taste are good.
nutritional value of Zhang Pu yellow peach
Zhang Pu yellow peach is very rich in nutrition, which is rich in antioxidants (α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, vitamin C, anti-free radicals, etc.), dietary fiber (a lot of pectin in pulp is cellulose needed by human body, which is easy to absorb, etc.), iron and calcium and various trace elements (selenium, zinc, etc.), which are obviously higher than other fruits.
Zhang Pu yellow peach is soft and hard when eaten, sweet and sour, with moderate aroma and moisture, and the ripe sugar degree is 14-15 degrees. Proper consumption can play a role in relaxing bowels, lowering blood sugar and blood lipid, resisting free radicals, removing dark spots, delaying aging, improving immunity, etc., and can also promote appetite, so it can be called a health-care fruit and Zhi Tao.
Zhang Pu Yellow Peach Area
Protection scope: three village, Xingjin Village, Xinlong Village, Zhaoling Village, Qiqiao Village, Jinhua Village, Baimi Village, Jianghang Village, Shangmingdian Village and Nanyao Village under the jurisdiction of Zhang Pu Town, Kunshan City, Suzhou, with a protection area of 217.3 hectares.
geographical coordinates: 12 54 ′ 15 ″ east longitude ~ 12 59 ′ 53 ″ north latitude ~ 31 14 ′ 45 ″ north latitude.
natural ecological environment of yellow peach in Zhang Pu
climatic conditions
Please enter contents Please enter contents Please enter contents Please enter contents Please enter contents Please enter contents Please enter contents Please enter contents Please enter contents Please enter contents Please enter contents Please enter contents Zhang Pu has a subtropical monsoon humid climate with four distinct seasons, mild climate and abundant sunshine, with an average annual temperature of 15.2℃, an average annual sunshine hours of 1789.2h, an average frost-free period of 239d and excellent air quality, with an average annual average of 3d.
Water source conditions
There is abundant rainfall in Zhang Pu, with an average annual rainfall of 152.9mm, and the precipitation is mainly concentrated from June to August, accounting for 6% of the annual precipitation. Wusong River and Loujiang River cross the east and west, governing 41 lakes such as Dianshan Lake, Yangcheng Lake, Chenghu Lake and Puppet Lake, with dense rivers. The total length of rivers in the whole territory is 156.32km, and there are 62 main trunk rivers with a total length of 457.51km. The irrigation conditions in Taoyuan are convenient, and the irrigation water meets the water quality standard GB 584-25 for farmland irrigation.
Soil conditions
Zhang Pu is located in the south of Jiangsu Province, and belongs to Taihu Plain in the Yangtze River Delta. The terrain is flat, slightly inclined from southwest to northeast, with a small natural slope. The soil type is lacustrine parent material, which is fertile and loose, with good fertility retention, strong permeability and upper-middle fertility. The soil pH value is between 6.5 and 8., and the irrigation and drainage conditions are good, with an organic matter content of 2.5% and total nitrogen of 1. In this region, compost and farmyard manure have always been used as base fertilizers in Taoyuan, supplemented by natural grass planting measures in Taoyuan, which provides a material basis for increasing the organic matter content in the soil environment where "Zhang Pu Yellow Peach" grows, promoting the growth and development of trees and improving fruit quality.
Zhang Pu yellow peach cultivation
Site selection
Choose an area with convenient transportation, convenient irrigation and drainage, far away from the factories with heavy metal pollution and harmful gas sources, with sufficient water sources, no continuous cropping and easy division of communities. The environmental requirements of the place of origin meet the requirements of NY/T 391.
Variety selection
Yellow-fleshed peach variety "Jinxiu" was taken as the main variety, and one-year-old grafted seedlings with Maotao as the rootstock were selected for planting.
planting management
single row ridging cultivation method is adopted to plant seedlings, with the ridge width of 1.2 m and the height of 3 cm, the distance between the center lines of two adjacent ridges is not less than 5 m, and the seedlings are planted on the center line of the ridge direction. The tree is mainly composed of three natural happy branches and two Y-shaped branches. The row spacing of naturally happy plants is (3 ~ 4) m× (5 ~ 6) m, and the row spacing of two main branches of Y-shaped plants is (2 ~ 2.5) m× (5 ~ 6) m, so it is suitable for planting in the north-south direction. Before planting seedlings, dig planting ditches or holes, and apply 3 kg～4 kg organic fertilizer per mu. Immediately after the seedlings are planted, dry them and leave at least 6 full buds. After planting, erect bamboo poles or wooden sticks at 5 cm around the seedlings to support the seedlings.
Grafting management
Peach should be selected as the rootstock. Grafting with xylem by bud grafting is carried out in summer. The leaf buds on the scion should be full and the buds should be full.
field management
① soil management: after defoliation, before soil freezing, combine with applying base fertilizer in autumn, and dig deep and expand holes. With the planting point as the center, turn outward deeply every year or every other year, with a depth of 4 cm～6 cm, so as to avoid hurting the backbone roots. Arrange the tree tray, apply organic fertilizer, backfill the soil and seal the frozen water. Arrange the tree tray, apply organic fertilizer, backfill the soil and seal the frozen water.
② Fertilization: apply base fertilizer deeply after defoliation in autumn and topdressing in time during the growing season. Apply base fertilizer from September to late October after fruit harvesting, apply commercial organic fertilizer of 1-15 kg/mu to trees in full fruit stage, mix soil and fertilizer evenly, and irrigate. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied again in the early stage of tree growth and development, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer were applied in the later stage. Apply 1 kg/ mu of urea in holes or furrows before germination in early March; Apply 15 kg compound fertilizer per mu in early June.
③ irrigation: intertillage and weed 3 times a year. Before germination in spring, combine topdressing and irrigate once. Control water at flowering stage and maintain moderate drought. During the period of rapid fruit expansion, ensure sufficient water supply, and control irrigation about 1 d before fruit ripening. When applying base fertilizer in autumn, water should be poured once, and frozen water should be poured before soil freezing.
④ Pruning: Young trees grow vigorously, so summer pruning should be emphasized. Older plants are restrained before and promoted after, retracted and updated, and new fruiting branches are cultivated and constantly updated.
⑤ flower and fruit management: flower thinning is carried out from the big bud stage to the early flowering stage, and the principle of flower thinning is to remove the flowers at the top, back and lower part of the branch, and keep the flowers at both sides of the middle part of the branch. Fruit thinning can be divided into two stages: fruit thinning and fruit setting, which are carried out in late April when the large and small fruits are clearly defined. The yellow fruits, small fruits, diseased fruits, deformed fruits, combined fruits, leafless fruits are thinned out, and the fruit is set in early May, with 3-4 fruits left for long fruit branches, 2-3 fruits left for middle fruit branches and 1 fruit left for short fruit branches, and the yield per mu is controlled at 13. Spraying insecticide and bactericide once in the whole garden after fruit setting, and bagging the fruit, with yellow single-layer bag or yellow single-layer bag outside and black inside as appropriate.
pest control
actively implement the plant protection policy of "prevention first, comprehensive prevention". Based on agricultural and physical control, we advocate biological control, scientifically use chemical control technology according to the occurrence law of pests and diseases, and effectively control pests and diseases.
① agricultural control: reasonable pruning, good ventilation and light transmission of the crown, reasonable load and strong trees. Before clearing the garden in winter, measures such as cutting off branches of pests and diseases, removing dead leaves, turning over trees, covering the ground with straw, covering the ground with plastic film, and applying fertilizer scientifically should be taken to suppress or reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases.
② physical control: according to the biological characteristics of pests, methods such as sweet and sour solution, black light, yellow board and insect net are used to trap and kill pests.
③ biological control: protecting natural enemies such as ladybugs, lacewings and predatory mites; Use pheromones, beneficial microorganisms or sex attractants to lure and trap, such as sex pheromones of pear fruit borer and Bacillus thuringiensis.
④ chemical control: common pests and diseases include peach aphid, brown rot, brown spot perforation, peach borer, pear fruit borer, etc. In production, highly toxic and residual pesticides are prohibited. In the same production cycle, drugs should be used alternately and the same drug should not be used for many times.
product harvesting and post-harvest treatment
harvesting begins when the fruit is eight ripe, and workers should be trained before picking. It should be harvested in sunny morning, and should be handled with care, and the fashion basket should be marked with orchard and harvest date, and transported to the packaging workshop for sorting and packaging according to the size of the fruit.
Zhang Pu yellow peach packaging labeling regulations
All "Zhang Pu yellow peach" producers and operators within the territory use the geographical indications and patterns of "Zhang Pu yellow peach" agricultural products that have been registered and protected on their products or packaging, and they must apply to the Agricultural Service Center of Zhang Pu Town, Kunshan City, the holder of the registration certificate, standardize the production and use of the signs according to the relevant requirements, and uniformly adopt the labeling method combining the product name with the geographical indications of agricultural products ("Zhang Pu". Yellow peach is a traditional characteristic agricultural product in Zhang Pu Town, Kunshan City, Jiangsu Province, with a long cultural history. It is recorded in The Peach Blossom in the East Gate written by Wang Heng, a poet in the Ming Dynasty, and in The Records of Taicang Prefecture written in Suzhou during Jiajing period. In the early 198s, Zhang Pu Town took the lead in introducing splendid yellow peaches and established the first yellow peach production base in Kunshan City.
the main variety of Zhang Pu yellow peach is "Jinxiu", with a single fruit weight of 3～35g, oval or pointed fruit, golden yellow fruit surface, yellow flesh, soft and delicate juice, rich flavor, sweet and sour taste, and good color and taste.
Zhang Pu yellow peach is soft and hard when eaten, sweet and sour, with moderate aroma and moisture, and the ripe sugar degree is 14-15 degrees. Regular eating can play a role in relaxing bowels, lowering blood sugar and blood lipid, resisting free radicals, removing dark spots, delaying aging, improving immunity, etc., and can also promote appetite. It can be called a health-care fruit and health-preserving Zhi Tao.
yellow peach is also called yellow peach, which is named because the meat is yellow. Yellow peach is very rich in nutrition, rich in vitamin C and a lot of cellulose, carotene, lycopene and various trace elements needed by human body. For example, the contents of selenium and zinc are obviously higher than those of other ordinary peaches, and they also contain malic acid, citric acid and other components. Eating yellow peaches regularly can not only provide calories to maintain brain function, but also regulate fat metabolism in the body. Eating two peaches a day can play a role in relaxing bowels, lowering blood sugar, reducing blood fat, resisting free radicals, removing dark spots, delaying aging, improving immune function, and promoting appetite. It can be called a health-care fruit and health-preserving Zhi Tao. People who are easily tired, people who work in polluted environment, people who like smoking, people who engage in strenuous exercise and high-intensity labor, and people who take medicine for a long time are all suitable for eating yellow peaches frequently.
Zhang Pu Town is located in the south of Jiangsu Province, which belongs to Taihu Plain in the Yangtze River Delta and subtropical monsoon humid climate. It has four distinct seasons, mild climate, abundant sunshine, fertile and loose soil, good fertilizer conservation performance, strong permeability and abundant rainfall. Such geographical and climatic conditions provide a good material basis for promoting the growth and development of "Zhang Pu Yellow Peach" and improving fruit quality.
in April 221, it was publicized by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs as "the first batch of registered products of geographical indications of agricultural products in 221".
The geographical protection areas are 1 administrative villages, namely three village, Xingjin Village, Xinlong Village, Zhaoling Village, Qiqiao Village, Jinhua Village, Baimi Village, Jianghang Village, Shangmingdian Village and Nanyao Village under the jurisdiction of Zhang Pu Town, Kunshan City.