Growing habits:

Asparagus (asparagus) likes warm and humid environment and is not cold-resistant. Avoid direct sunlight, especially when the seedlings are exposed to the hot sun, the stem tips will turn yellow, so they should be shaded moderately or intercropped with trees and herbs. Deep fertile sandy loam or humus is the best soil, and clay is not suitable for planting. Easy cultivation and management, no pests and diseases. Below l000 meters above sea level, it is best to plant under sparse mixed forest or broad-leaved forest, such as sparse forest.

Land selection and preparation:

According to the biological characteristics, soil, sandy loam with deep soil layer, fertile soil and good drainage or humus-rich land are selected as cultivated land. Dig the land deeply and rake it flat to make a high border with a width of 130 cm. Dig deep about 30 cm, and remove miscellaneous branches. 2,500-3,500 kg of decomposed manure, 0/00 kg of cake fertilizer/kloc and 50 kg of calcium superphosphate were applied per mu. After leveling and raking, make a high border with a width of 150 cm and a height of 20 cm.

Propagation mode: There are two propagation modes of asparagus: seed propagation and ramet propagation. Most of them adopt ramet propagation, and the survival rate will be higher.

1. Seed propagation:

Harvest from September to 10 every year when the fruit turns from green to red. After stacking and fermenting, choose large and solid seeds. The sowing date is divided into spring sowing and autumn sowing. Autumn sowing is from early September to early June at 5438+ 10. Autumn sowing has high germination rate, long occupation time and low management cost. Spring sowing is in late March, which occupies a short area and is convenient to manage.

Sowing method: forming horizontal furrows in the furrows with the furrow spacing of 20-24 cm; The ditch depth is 5-7 cm, the sowing width is 6 cm, and the plant spacing is 2-3 cm. Per mu yield10-12kg seeds. Seedling 1000m2 can be planted1000m2. After sowing, cover with compost or plant ash, cover with fine soil horizontally and at the boundary, and cover with straw for moisture retention. The temperature is 17-20℃ and there is enough humidity, and seedlings emerge 18-20 days after sowing. Remove the straw after germination. When the seedlings are unearthed, it is necessary to build a shed for shade, or use crops such as corn to shade in the border to keep the soil moist. When the seedling height is about 3 cm, pull up weeds and fertilize. In autumn, soil loosening is combined with fertilization, and the fertilizer is mainly human and animal manure. Each application per mu 1000- 1500 kg.

After a year, you can sow. Generally, before the germination of 10 in June or at the end of spring, when the seedling is 10- 12 cm high, it will be planted with soil. When raising seedlings, plant them separately according to their size. According to the row spacing of 50 cm and the plant spacing of 24 cm. First plant two rows of asparagus with a spacing of 50 cm, and then plant two rows of asparagus. When planting, put the roots evenly in all directions and cover them with fine soil for compaction. In the reserved row, corn or broad beans can be intercropped every year.

2. ramet propagation:

Combined with harvesting, the robust mother plant should be divided into several plants, each plant should have 1 ~ 2 buds or 2 ~ 3 small tubers as seedlings, and planted at the spacing of 40cm×40cm (cover the soil and spray acetochlor to prevent 40 days of grass seeds). When planting, if you have farmyard manure, you can plant it in the middle of the plant spacing or apply some phosphate fertilizer.

On-site management:

1. Intertillage weeding: weeding should be done frequently. Weeding should be done manually in the first half of the first year of planting, and only in the second half of the year can ametryn herbicide be used to weed safely (the small package inside is not used, and the small package contains 246 methyl ester, which can be mixed with ridged grass). Generally, the grass will turn yellow after spraying for six days.

2. Topdressing: After planting, combined with intertillage weeding, topdressing human and animal manure water 1 time in March-April and June-July respectively, or adding urea (or compound fertilizer) 1 5 kg to water once every month, topdressing 65,438+in September-June. After that, topdressing 2,000-2,500 Jin per mu before germination (that is, before the Spring Festival) every year, and the other two times are the same as the first year.

Pest control:

Mainly red spider, which harms the leaves from May to June.

Prevention and control methods:

(1) Pay attention to clearing gardens, digging or burning litter in winter.

(2) Spraying 0.2-0.3 Baume sulfur mixture or spraying 500- 1000 times of 25% chlordimeform aqueous solution, once a week, for 2-3 times in a row.