Water hardness refers to the amount of dissolved calcium and magnesium ions in water. Hard water contains higher concentrations of calcium and magnesium ions, while soft water is relatively low. Hardness is usually expressed in milligrams per liter (mg/L) or in grams per gallon (gpg).

Hard water develops because when water passes through soil and rocks that contain calcium and magnesium, it dissolves these minerals, thereby increasing the amount of calcium and magnesium ions in the water. The level of hardness can vary depending on geographic location and water source.

Hard water can have a number of effects on the human body and household equipment. Here are some relevant analyses:

1. Health Effects

Hard water has no direct negative impact on human health. In fact, calcium and magnesium are both essential nutrients for good health. However, some people may have allergic reactions to harder water, such as dry, itchy skin or eczema. In addition, calcium and magnesium in hard water can interact with certain medications, affecting their absorption and effectiveness.

2, washing effect

Hard water than soft water in the washing process can cause some problems. Calcium and magnesium ions in hard water combine with surfactants in washing powder or detergent to form soap scum. This can lead to problems such as scale buildup in the washing machine and pipes, yellowing of clothes, and poor washing results. To solve this problem, use a water softener or add a softener.

3, damage to pipes and equipment

Calcium and magnesium in hard water can produce scale on the surface of pipes and equipment. This scale can gradually clog pipes, reduce water flow, and increase the cost of repairs and cleaning. Heating equipment such as water heaters, kettles and coffee makers are also susceptible to damage from scale.

4, energy-saving effect

Hard water forms scale during the heating process, which reduces the efficiency of heat exchange and therefore requires more energy to heat the water. This leads to an increase in the energy consumption of the heating equipment, which indirectly increases energy expenditure.

In summary, water hardness is the amount of calcium and magnesium ions in water. It has an impact on health, washing results, damage to plumbing equipment and energy consumption. Therefore, it is very important to understand the hardness of water when choosing suitable water treatment methods and equipment.