1, selection of land preparation: it is desirable to choose the terrain is relatively flat, loose tillage layer, living soil layer deep, drainage capacity of the sandy loam land planting peanuts, avoid heavy stubble, the land should be deep plowing fine harrowing, deep plowing 20cm. 2, sowing: when the ground temperature of the 5cm layer of soil stabilized at 12 ℃ can be sown. 3, field management: peanut fertilizer to organic fertilizer as the main supplement to the inorganic fertilizer The peanuts are irrigated in a timely manner, but also pay attention to the field can not have stagnant water, timely drainage of the soil; mid-tillage weeding and soil cultivation is inseparable; pest control to spread pesticides as the main. 4, timely harvesting: timely harvesting of ripe peanuts, and drying.
A peanut planting and management techniques
1, selecting the whole place
Peanut on the geological soil requirements, it is appropriate to choose the terrain is relatively flat, the cultivation layer is loose, the living layer of deep, strong drainage sandy loam soil. Avoid heavy crop, the first year of peanut soil is not suitable for continuous planting of peanuts, it is best to choose a few consecutive years have not planted peanuts in the geology. Deep plowing and fine harrowing of the land, deep plowing 20cm, will be exposed to the sun in the soil to kill all the bacteria and viruses contained in the soil.
2, sowing
When the 5cm layer of soil temperature stabilized at 12 ℃, pearl bean type peanuts can be sown, mulching cultivation can be slightly ahead of 7-10 days. Sow peanut seeds into the soil, cover 5-10cm of soil, put 2 seeds in each hole, and finally need to water until the soil is moist. After sowing, if you do not cover the herbicide film, you should spray herbicide before covering the film. Mulching, the requirements of the film and the bed affixed to the solid without wrinkles, both sides of the soil will save the film Le solid. Finally, the film surface mulching into a small ridge.
3, field management
(1) Fertilization: different developmental periods of nutrient absorption is different, the general seedling and maturity of the demand is small, flower needle period and Ying Ying period of high demand. Peanuts spread fertilizer to organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer as a supplement. Decayed organic fertilizer is applied before deep plowing, sowing application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium large elements at the same time, appropriate supplementation of boron, aluminum, manganese, iron, zinc and other trace elements. Due to the strong foliar absorption capacity of peanuts in the late stage, you can spray fertilizer on its foliage to increase the amount of nutrient accumulation, the specific number of times of fertilizer and fertilizer should be decided according to the soil conditions.
(2) watering: peanut water demand is a certain stage, in the flowering of the next needle period before the time when the water demand is not much, in the flowering of the next needle period, if the surface of the 0-30cm at the soil water content is lower than half of the normal soil water content, we must promptly irrigate the peanut. But also pay attention to the field can not have stagnant water, timely drainage of the soil, so as not to cause peanut rotten fruit or germination, resulting in peanut yield reduction.
(3) Plowing weeding and soil cultivation: Plowing weeding and soil cultivation are inseparable, plowing can promote soil cultivation in certain conditions. In the seedling period, regimentation period, flowering period for three times in the plow weeding, master? Shallow, deep, shallow? The principle, pay attention to prevent seedling plowing Yong soil pressure seedlings; flowering plowing to prevent damage to the fruit needle.
(4) pest control: in the peanut growth period must do a good job of disease control, generally spread pesticides as the main way of prevention. Disease prevention and control work is one of the key aspects of crop cultivation, only to do a good job of disease prevention and control of preventive preparations, in order to realize the stable yield and high yield of peanuts.
4, timely harvest
Under normal circumstances, the peanut into the results of the late, most of the nutrients in the body of the plant has been transported to the pods to go, the plant shows a state of senescence, the top stops growing, the upper leaves yellow, the base and the middle of the leaves off, at this time the majority of the pods are full of seeds and nuts, can be harvested. After harvesting the peanuts should be dried in a timely manner, in the drying process, around the drying field to prevent other peanut fruits mixed in, it is best to stay out of the isolation area separate drying.
Second, peanuts planted in a few months
1, planting peanuts requires that the temperature can not be too low, generally the southern region in the spring and fall can be carried out, the spring can be selected in March, the fall can be selected around July-August; the northern region due to the cold, in order to make the peanut seeds better germination, usually planted in April-May. If you are in a more northern area, you will usually sow in late April.
2, when the surface temperature is higher than 12 ℃, peanuts can be sown. Can not be sown too early, too early the temperature is too low, not only affect the seed germination rate, there will be a seedling uneven, lack of seedlings broken ridge and other problems.